Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-125

Allowed

Out-of-bounds Read

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

11455 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-8WJ2-GHVJ-7V5W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:11 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:11
VLAI
Details

Adobe Media Encoder version 15.2 (and earlier) is affected by an Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability when parsing a specially crafted file. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to achieve arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-28589"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-08-20T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "Adobe Media Encoder version 15.2 (and earlier) is affected by an Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability when parsing a specially crafted file. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to achieve arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
  "id": "GHSA-8wj2-ghvj-7v5w",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:11:47Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:11:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-28589"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/media-encoder/apsb21-43.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-8WPJ-V5QV-3WF4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-29 06:31 – Updated: 2026-05-12 12:31
VLAI
Details

In MIT Kerberos 5 (aka krb5) before 1.21.3, an attacker can cause invalid memory reads during GSS message token handling by sending message tokens with invalid length fields.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-37371"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-06-28T23:15:11Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "In MIT Kerberos 5 (aka krb5) before 1.21.3, an attacker can cause invalid memory reads during GSS message token handling by sending message tokens with invalid length fields.",
  "id": "GHSA-8wpj-v5qv-3wf4",
  "modified": "2026-05-12T12:31:57Z",
  "published": "2024-06-29T06:31:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-37371"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/krb5/krb5/commit/55fbf435edbe2e92dd8101669b1ce7144bc96fef"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-082556.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20241108-0009"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250124-0010"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://web.mit.edu/kerberos/www/advisories"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8WQM-37MP-6RRM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-01 18:31 – Updated: 2026-05-01 21:31
VLAI
Details

Open CASCADE Technology (OCCT) V8_0_0_rc5 contains multiple vulnerabilities in its IGES and STEP file parsers that can be triggered by crafted IGES or STEP files. These issues include an out-of-bounds read in Geom2d_BSplineCurve::EvalD0 during IGES B-spline curve evaluation, an out-of-bounds read in MakeBSplineCurveCommon during STEP B-spline curve construction, and infinite recursion in StepShape_OrientedEdge::EdgeStart when processing a self-referential OrientedEdge entity. Successful exploitation may result in denial of service or unintended memory disclosure.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-42481"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-01T16:16:32Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Open CASCADE Technology (OCCT) V8_0_0_rc5 contains multiple vulnerabilities in its IGES and STEP file parsers that can be triggered by crafted IGES or STEP files. These issues include an out-of-bounds read in Geom2d_BSplineCurve::EvalD0 during IGES B-spline curve evaluation, an out-of-bounds read in MakeBSplineCurveCommon during STEP B-spline curve construction, and infinite recursion in StepShape_OrientedEdge::EdgeStart when processing a self-referential OrientedEdge entity. Successful exploitation may result in denial of service or unintended memory disclosure.",
  "id": "GHSA-8wqm-37mp-6rrm",
  "modified": "2026-05-01T21:31:20Z",
  "published": "2026-05-01T18:31:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-42481"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gist.github.com/sgInnora/dfba083d04906283e9c92aea78e2d94a"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8WQM-45QJ-R79Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:31 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:31
VLAI
Details

PDF-XChange Editor EMF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.

The specific flaw exists within the parsing of EMF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-21974.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-42084"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T03:15:44Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "PDF-XChange Editor EMF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of EMF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-21974.",
  "id": "GHSA-8wqm-45qj-r79q",
  "modified": "2024-05-03T03:31:01Z",
  "published": "2024-05-03T03:31:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-42084"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.tracker-software.com/support/security-bulletins.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1385"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8WR8-X8HV-FMQV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-03 00:31 – Updated: 2024-12-03 15:31
VLAI
Details

In buildImageItemsIfPossible of ItemTable.cpp there is a possible out of bound read due to uninitialized data. This could lead to information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-9429"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-02T22:15:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In buildImageItemsIfPossible of ItemTable.cpp there is a possible out of bound read due to uninitialized data. This could lead to information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.",
  "id": "GHSA-8wr8-x8hv-fmqv",
  "modified": "2024-12-03T15:31:24Z",
  "published": "2024-12-03T00:31:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-9429"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/docs/security/bulletin/pixel/2018-07-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8WRP-HGH8-2VPX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-26 21:30 – Updated: 2024-11-27 21:32
VLAI
Details

This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of U3D files. Crafted data in a U3D file can trigger a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-18656.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-42387"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-01-26T18:59:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of U3D files. Crafted data in a U3D file can trigger a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-18656.",
  "id": "GHSA-8wrp-hgh8-2vpx",
  "modified": "2024-11-27T21:32:37Z",
  "published": "2023-01-26T21:30:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-42387"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.tracker-software.com/product/pdf-xchange-editor/history"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-1378"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8WVW-RFJC-4VM5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-19 00:37 – Updated: 2024-12-19 00:37
VLAI
Details

Acrobat Reader DC version 22.001.20085 (and earlier), 20.005.3031x (and earlier) and 17.012.30205 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability when parsing a crafted file, which could result in a read past the end of an allocated memory structure. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-44517"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-19T00:15:05Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Acrobat Reader DC version 22.001.20085 (and earlier), 20.005.3031x (and earlier) and 17.012.30205 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability when parsing a crafted file, which could result in a read past the end of an allocated memory structure. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
  "id": "GHSA-8wvw-rfjc-4vm5",
  "modified": "2024-12-19T00:37:36Z",
  "published": "2024-12-19T00:37:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-44517"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb22-16.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8X2J-2XXW-G7H5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:52 – Updated: 2023-03-03 15:30
VLAI
Details

Improper bounds checking in Dnsmasq before 2.76 allows an attacker controlled DNS server to send large DNS packets that result in a read operation beyond the buffer allocated for the packet, a different vulnerability than CVE-2017-14491.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-14513"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-08-01T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Improper bounds checking in Dnsmasq before 2.76 allows an attacker controlled DNS server to send large DNS packets that result in a read operation beyond the buffer allocated for the packet, a different vulnerability than CVE-2017-14491.",
  "id": "GHSA-8x2j-2xxw-g7h5",
  "modified": "2023-03-03T15:30:24Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:52:11Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-14513"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Slovejoy/dnsmasq-pre2.76"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/09/msg00013.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8X32-MP9P-Q4C3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-11 18:31 – Updated: 2024-04-04 05:57
VLAI
Details

Microsoft Message Queuing Denial of Service Vulnerability

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-32044"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-07-11T18:15:13Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Microsoft Message Queuing Denial of Service Vulnerability",
  "id": "GHSA-8x32-mp9p-q4c3",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T05:57:28Z",
  "published": "2023-07-11T18:31:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-32044"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-32044"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8X36-4HM5-X65X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-11 21:32 – Updated: 2025-02-11 21:32
VLAI
Details

PDF-XChange Editor U3D File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.

The specific flaw exists within the parsing of U3D files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-25557.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-0908"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-02-11T20:15:35Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "PDF-XChange Editor U3D File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of U3D files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-25557.",
  "id": "GHSA-8x36-4hm5-x65x",
  "modified": "2025-02-11T21:32:07Z",
  "published": "2025-02-11T21:32:07Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-0908"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-25-063"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Language Selection

Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.

CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers

An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.