CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11401 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-C67Q-HX6M-M5WV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-11 21:30 – Updated: 2025-03-11 21:30Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt VS File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of VS files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-25185.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-2012"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-11T21:15:52Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt VS File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of VS files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-25185.",
"id": "GHSA-c67q-hx6m-m5wv",
"modified": "2025-03-11T21:30:41Z",
"published": "2025-03-11T21:30:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-2012"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-25-119"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C68V-CF88-8W65
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-07 09:31 – Updated: 2025-05-07 09:31Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability in unpack_response (session.c) in libplctag from 2.0 through 2.6.3 allows Overread Buffers via network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-1399"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-07T07:15:49Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability in\u00a0unpack_response (session.c) in libplctag from 2.0 through 2.6.3 allows Overread Buffers via network.",
"id": "GHSA-c68v-cf88-8w65",
"modified": "2025-05-07T09:31:17Z",
"published": "2025-05-07T09:31:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1399"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.nozominetworks.com/labs/vulnerability-advisories-cve-2025-1399"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C6GG-Q5F6-74FH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-12 21:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:25On affected platforms running Arista CloudEOS an issue in the Software Forwarding Engine (Sfe) can lead to a potential denial of service attack by sending malformed packets to the switch. This causes a leak of packet buffers and if enough malformed packets are received, the switch may eventually stop forwarding traffic.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-24513"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-126"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-04-12T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "On affected platforms running Arista CloudEOS an issue in the Software Forwarding Engine (Sfe) can lead to a potential denial of service attack by sending malformed packets to the switch. This causes a leak of packet buffers and if enough malformed packets are received, the switch may eventually stop forwarding traffic.",
"id": "GHSA-c6gg-q5f6-74fh",
"modified": "2024-04-04T03:25:40Z",
"published": "2023-04-12T21:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-24513"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.arista.com/en/support/advisories-notices/security-advisory/17240-security-advisory-0085"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C6GJ-JRCC-Q2J8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-14 18:32 – Updated: 2025-01-14 18:32Windows Digital Media Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-21310"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-14T18:15:54Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Windows Digital Media Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-c6gj-jrcc-q2j8",
"modified": "2025-01-14T18:32:04Z",
"published": "2025-01-14T18:32:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21310"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21310"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C6H6-MMCC-X4QJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-24 09:30 – Updated: 2026-06-28 09:31In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
netfilter: ebtables: fix OOB read in compat_mtw_from_user
Luxiao Xu says:
The function compat_mtw_from_user() converts ebtables extensions from 32-bit user structures to kernel native structures. However, it lacks proper validation of the user-supplied match_size/target_size.
When certain extensions are processed, the kernel-side translation logic may perform memory accesses based on the extension's expected size. If the user provides a size smaller than what the extension requires, it results in an out-of-bounds read as reported by KASAN.
This fix introduces a check to ensure match_size is at least as large as the extension's required compatsize. This covers matches, watchers, and targets, while maintaining compatibility with standard targets.
AFAIU this is relevant for matches that need to go though match->compat_from_user() call. Those that use plain memcpy with the user-provided size are ok because the caller checks that size vs the start of the next rule entry offset (which itself is checked vs. total size copied from userspace).
The ->compat_from_user() callbacks assume they can read compatsize bytes, so they need this extra check.
Based on an earlier patch from Luxiao Xu.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-52927"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-24T08:16:22Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: ebtables: fix OOB read in compat_mtw_from_user\n\nLuxiao Xu says:\n\n The function compat_mtw_from_user() converts ebtables extensions from\n 32-bit user structures to kernel native structures. However, it lacks\n proper validation of the user-supplied match_size/target_size.\n\n When certain extensions are processed, the kernel-side translation\n logic may perform memory accesses based on the extension\u0027s expected\n size. If the user provides a size smaller than what the extension\n requires, it results in an out-of-bounds read as reported by KASAN.\n\n This fix introduces a check to ensure match_size is at least as large\n as the extension\u0027s required compatsize. This covers matches, watchers,\n and targets, while maintaining compatibility with standard targets.\n\nAFAIU this is relevant for matches that need to go though\nmatch-\u003ecompat_from_user() call. Those that use plain memcpy with the\nuser-provided size are ok because the caller checks that size vs the\nstart of the next rule entry offset (which itself is checked vs. total\nsize copied from userspace).\n\nThe -\u003ecompat_from_user() callbacks assume they can read compatsize bytes,\nso they need this extra check.\n\nBased on an earlier patch from Luxiao Xu.",
"id": "GHSA-c6h6-mmcc-x4qj",
"modified": "2026-06-28T09:31:36Z",
"published": "2026-06-24T09:30:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-52927"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/21af4c030567d2e6c89bb927bc18b51fba52a400"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7ad0e463fc7eafae2141cc38054264636f8b3e94"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a27cb7325a6c69970041c7f8541fafed5a1ea3ec"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bf8e8eac7ede51dc318e06acef5a896dcbba7595"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d7a8fb6f10d55a1c37b0bf8c20cca24dffd76e00"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dad9ebf8107955bb54bd3f9cf22591b6ff37bac1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f438d1786d657d57790c5d138d6db3fc9fdac392"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fcc4c043d137e7f1de4673dba1f3116e45377c67"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C6J3-5H93-CJ2J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-21 03:31 – Updated: 2025-11-04 00:31In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
media: pci: ivtv: Add check for DMA map result
In case DMA fails, 'dma->SG_length' is 0. This value is later used to access 'dma->SGarray[dma->SG_length - 1]', which will cause out of bounds access.
Add check to return early on invalid value. Adjust warnings accordingly.
Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with SVACE.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-43877"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-21T01:15:12Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmedia: pci: ivtv: Add check for DMA map result\n\nIn case DMA fails, \u0027dma-\u003eSG_length\u0027 is 0. This value is later used to\naccess \u0027dma-\u003eSGarray[dma-\u003eSG_length - 1]\u0027, which will cause out of\nbounds access.\n\nAdd check to return early on invalid value. Adjust warnings accordingly.\n\nFound by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with SVACE.",
"id": "GHSA-c6j3-5h93-cj2j",
"modified": "2025-11-04T00:31:17Z",
"published": "2024-08-21T03:31:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-43877"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/24062aa7407091dee3e45a8e8037df437e848718"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/38f72c7e7c6b55614f9407555fd5ce9d019b0fa4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3d8fd92939e21ff0d45100ab208f8124af79402a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/629913d6d79508b166c66e07e4857e20233d85a9"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/81d0664bed91a858c7b50c263954b59d65f1b414"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c766065e8272085ea9c436414b7ddf1f12e7787b"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/01/msg00001.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C6Q8-FX49-C26R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:43 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:44The _bfd_elf_parse_attributes function in elf-attrs.c in the Binary File Descriptor (BFD) library (aka libbfd), as distributed in GNU Binutils 2.29, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (_bfd_elf_attr_strdup heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) via a crafted ELF file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-14130"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-09-04T20:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The _bfd_elf_parse_attributes function in elf-attrs.c in the Binary File Descriptor (BFD) library (aka libbfd), as distributed in GNU Binutils 2.29, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (_bfd_elf_attr_strdup heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) via a crafted ELF file.",
"id": "GHSA-c6q8-fx49-c26r",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:44:17Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:43:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-14130"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201801-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=22058"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sourceware.org/git/gitweb.cgi?p=binutils-gdb.git%3Bh=2a143b99fc4a5094a9cf128f3184d8e6818c8229"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sourceware.org/git/gitweb.cgi?p=binutils-gdb.git;h=2a143b99fc4a5094a9cf128f3184d8e6818c8229"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/100625"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C6QF-23GR-MJQW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-14 18:32 – Updated: 2026-07-14 18:32Integer underflow (wrap or wraparound) in Windows Kernel allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-50300"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-14T17:16:58Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Integer underflow (wrap or wraparound) in Windows Kernel allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.",
"id": "GHSA-c6qf-23gr-mjqw",
"modified": "2026-07-14T18:32:04Z",
"published": "2026-07-14T18:32:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-50300"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-50300"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C6V5-GR6H-936J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:03 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:03The dump_block function in print_sections.c in libdwarf before 20160923 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via crafted frame data.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-5036"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-02-17T17:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The dump_block function in print_sections.c in libdwarf before 20160923 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via crafted frame data.",
"id": "GHSA-c6v5-gr6h-936j",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:03:25Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:03:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-5036"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.prevanders.net/dwarfbug.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/05/24/1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/05/25/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C6W6-92RR-FHQ4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-04 06:30 – Updated: 2025-03-04 06:30in OpenHarmony v5.0.2 and prior versions allow a local attacker cause DOS through out-of-bounds read.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-21089"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-04T04:15:13Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "in OpenHarmony v5.0.2 and prior versions allow a local attacker cause DOS through out-of-bounds read.",
"id": "GHSA-c6w6-92rr-fhq4",
"modified": "2025-03-04T06:30:33Z",
"published": "2025-03-04T06:30:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21089"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitee.com/openharmony/security/blob/master/zh/security-disclosure/2025/2025-03.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.