Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11375 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-CQ4F-48G6-262V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-16 00:00 – Updated: 2022-09-20 00:00
VLAI
Details
Nginx NJS v0.7.7 was discovered to contain a segmentation violation via njs_utf8_next at src/njs_utf8.h
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-38890"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-15T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Nginx NJS v0.7.7 was discovered to contain a segmentation violation via njs_utf8_next at src/njs_utf8.h",
"id": "GHSA-cq4f-48g6-262v",
"modified": "2022-09-20T00:00:29Z",
"published": "2022-09-16T00:00:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-38890"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nginx/njs/issues/569"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CQ58-982Q-HXWF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:28 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:50
VLAI
Details
In GraphicsMagick 1.3.27a, there is a buffer over-read in ReadPALMImage in coders/palm.c when QuantumDepth is 8.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-17783"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-12-20T09:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In GraphicsMagick 1.3.27a, there is a buffer over-read in ReadPALMImage in coders/palm.c when QuantumDepth is 8.",
"id": "GHSA-cq58-982q-hxwf",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:50:10Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:28:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-17783"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sourceforge.net/p/graphicsmagick/bugs/529"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4248-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4321"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://hg.graphicsmagick.org/hg/GraphicsMagick?cmd=changeset%3Bnode=60932931559a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://hg.graphicsmagick.org/hg/GraphicsMagick?cmd=changeset;node=60932931559a"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CQ6J-H35C-X8GR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:00 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:00
VLAI
Details
In tnef before 1.4.18, an attacker may be able to write to the victim's .ssh/authorized_keys file via an e-mail message with a crafted winmail.dat application/ms-tnef attachment, because of a heap-based buffer over-read involving strdup.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-18849"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-11-11T04:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In tnef before 1.4.18, an attacker may be able to write to the victim\u0027s .ssh/authorized_keys file via an e-mail message with a crafted winmail.dat application/ms-tnef attachment, because of a heap-based buffer over-read involving strdup.",
"id": "GHSA-cq6j-h35c-x8gr",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:00:42Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:00:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-18849"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/verdammelt/tnef/pull/40"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/verdammelt/tnef/compare/1.4.17...1.4.18"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/11/msg00035.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/08/msg00025.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/RMKFSHPMOZL7MDWU5RYOTIBTRWSZ4Z6X"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/W7CPKBW4QZ4VIY4UXIUVUSHRJ4R2FROE"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4524-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CQ6M-J4VH-QX8F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-13 12:31 – Updated: 2025-05-13 12:31
VLAI
Details
A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE LPE9403 (6GK5998-3GS00-2AC2) (All versions). Affected devices do not properly validate incoming Profinet packets. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this flaw by sending a specially crafted malicious packet, which leads to a crash of the dcpd process.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-40577"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-13T10:15:27Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in SCALANCE LPE9403 (6GK5998-3GS00-2AC2) (All versions). Affected devices do not properly validate incoming Profinet packets.\nAn unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this flaw by sending a specially crafted malicious packet, which leads to a crash of the dcpd process.",
"id": "GHSA-cq6m-j4vh-qx8f",
"modified": "2025-05-13T12:31:36Z",
"published": "2025-05-13T12:31:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-40577"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-327438.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-CQ7H-GHP5-QGHC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:52 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:30
VLAI
Details
A denial of service vulnerability exists in the handling of the MXIT protocol in Pidgin. Specially crafted MXIT data sent from the server could potentially result in an out-of-bounds read. A malicious server or man-in-the-middle attacker can send invalid data to trigger this vulnerability.
Severity
5.9 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-2370"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-01-06T21:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A denial of service vulnerability exists in the handling of the MXIT protocol in Pidgin. Specially crafted MXIT data sent from the server could potentially result in an out-of-bounds read. A malicious server or man-in-the-middle attacker can send invalid data to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-cq7h-ghp5-qghc",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:30:48Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:52:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-2370"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201701-38"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2016/dsa-3620"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.pidgin.im/news/security/?id=103"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/91335"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.talosintelligence.com/reports/TALOS-2016-0138"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3031-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CQ86-P348-QR4P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-28 00:30 – Updated: 2024-10-30 21:30
VLAI
Details
libsndfile through 1.2.2 has an ogg_vorbis.c vorbis_analysis_wrote out-of-bounds read.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-50612"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-27T22:15:03Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "libsndfile through 1.2.2 has an ogg_vorbis.c vorbis_analysis_wrote out-of-bounds read.",
"id": "GHSA-cq86-p348-qr4p",
"modified": "2024-10-30T21:30:38Z",
"published": "2024-10-28T00:30:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-50612"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/libsndfile/libsndfile/issues/1035"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CQ9M-RH8P-VCHF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-21 00:00 – Updated: 2022-09-23 00:00
VLAI
Details
There is an out-of-bounds read and write vulnerability in some headset products. An unauthenticated attacker gets the device physically and crafts malformed message with specific parameter and sends the message to the affected products. Due to insufficient validation of message, which may be exploited to cause out-of-bounds read and write.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-36602"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-20T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "There is an out-of-bounds read and write vulnerability in some headset products. An unauthenticated attacker gets the device physically and crafts malformed message with specific parameter and sends the message to the affected products. Due to insufficient validation of message, which may be exploited to cause out-of-bounds read and write.",
"id": "GHSA-cq9m-rh8p-vchf",
"modified": "2022-09-23T00:00:44Z",
"published": "2022-09-21T00:00:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-36602"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.huawei.com/en/psirt/security-advisories/huawei-sa-20220826-01-outofboundread-en"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CQCM-975C-W5XG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-16 00:00 – Updated: 2022-09-20 00:00
VLAI
Details
An issue was discovered in Bento4 through 1.6.0-639. A buffer over-read exists in the function AP4_StdcFileByteStream::WritePartial located in System/StdC/Ap4StdCFileByteStream.cpp, called from AP4_ByteStream::Write and AP4_HdlrAtom::WriteFields.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-40737"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-15T04:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Bento4 through 1.6.0-639. A buffer over-read exists in the function AP4_StdcFileByteStream::WritePartial located in System/StdC/Ap4StdCFileByteStream.cpp, called from AP4_ByteStream::Write and AP4_HdlrAtom::WriteFields.",
"id": "GHSA-cqcm-975c-w5xg",
"modified": "2022-09-20T00:00:31Z",
"published": "2022-09-16T00:00:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-40737"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/axiomatic-systems/Bento4/issues/756"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CQGR-82MV-J79R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-27 21:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 08:57
VLAI
Details
An arbitrary code execution vulnerability was reported to Rockwell Automation in Arena Simulation that could potentially allow a malicious user to commit unauthorized arbitrary code to the software by using a memory buffer overflow. The threat-actor could then execute malicious code on the system affecting the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the product. The user would need to open a malicious file provided to them by the attacker for the code to execute.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-27854"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-10-27T19:15:41Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "\nAn arbitrary code execution vulnerability was reported to Rockwell Automation in Arena Simulation that could potentially allow a malicious user to commit unauthorized arbitrary code to the software by using a memory buffer overflow. \u00a0The threat-actor could then execute malicious code on the system affecting the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the product. \u00a0The user would need to open a malicious file provided to them by the attacker for the code to execute.\n\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-cqgr-82mv-j79r",
"modified": "2024-04-04T08:57:24Z",
"published": "2023-10-27T21:30:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-27854"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rockwellautomation.custhelp.com/app/answers/answer_view/a_id/1141145"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CQHG-XJHH-P8HF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2020-07-27 21:52 – Updated: 2024-10-09 20:50
VLAI
Summary
Out-of-bounds reads in Pillow
Details
Pillow before 7.1.0 has multiple out-of-bounds reads in libImaging/FliDecode.c.
Severity
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "pillow"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "7.1.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-10177"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-07-27T21:52:00Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2020-06-25T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Pillow before 7.1.0 has multiple out-of-bounds reads in `libImaging/FliDecode.c`.",
"id": "GHSA-cqhg-xjhh-p8hf",
"modified": "2024-10-09T20:50:08Z",
"published": "2020-07-27T21:52:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-10177"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/issues/4750"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/pull/4503"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/pull/4538"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/f6926a041b4b544fd2ced3752542afb6c8c19405"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/c88b0204d7c930e3bd72626ae6ea078571cc0ea7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/c66d8aa75436f334f686fe32bca8e414bcdd18e6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/c5edc361fd6450f805a6a444723b0f68190b1d0c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/b4e439d6d7fd986cd6b4c7f9ca18830d79dacd44"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/8d4f3c0c5f2fecf175aeb895e9c2d6d06d85bdc9"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/5b490fc413dfab2d52de46a58905c25d9badb650"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/19ff42bd683486a8a308743c76972ef6a6482e9b"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/11ef7ca53a7d0af4bc52666c29199deffa5fc1bd"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/088ce4df981b70fbec140ee54417bcb49a7dffca"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/00c6dd72d9ed0124cec81040b4bab0979a200fe2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releasenotes/6.2.3.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/HOKHNWV2VS5GESY7IBD237E7C6T3I427"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releasenotes/7.1.0.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-PYTHON-PILLOW-574573"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4430-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4430-2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BEBCPE4F2VHTIT6EZA2YZQZLPVDEBJGD"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/08/msg00012.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commits/master/src/libImaging"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/pillow/PYSEC-2020-76.yaml"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-cqhg-xjhh-p8hf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Out-of-bounds reads in Pillow"
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.