CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11369 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-F942-62WR-CQFH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-07 06:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:35In pda, there is a possible out of bounds read due to an incorrect calculation of buffer size. This could lead to local information disclosure with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07147572; Issue ID: ALPS07421076.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-20798"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-08-07T04:15:13Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In pda, there is a possible out of bounds read due to an incorrect calculation of buffer size. This could lead to local information disclosure with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07147572; Issue ID: ALPS07421076.",
"id": "GHSA-f942-62wr-cqfh",
"modified": "2024-04-04T06:35:02Z",
"published": "2023-08-07T06:30:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-20798"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/August-2023"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F957-FFMF-GHR5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 00:53 – Updated: 2022-05-14 00:53Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions 2018.011.20038 and earlier, 2017.011.30079 and earlier, and 2015.006.30417 and earlier have an Out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-4949"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-07-09T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions 2018.011.20038 and earlier, 2017.011.30079 and earlier, and 2015.006.30417 and earlier have an Out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure.",
"id": "GHSA-f957-ffmf-ghr5",
"modified": "2022-05-14T00:53:28Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T00:53:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-4949"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb18-09.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104175"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1040920"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F965-GHFW-X6JX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-01 00:31 – Updated: 2026-05-01 03:31In Exim before 4.99.2, when utf8 operators are enabled, there is an out-of-bounds read if large UTF-8 trailing characters are present (malformed UTF-8 header data). Information might be divulged within an error message produced during handling of an unrelated e-mail message.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-40686"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-30T22:16:25Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "In Exim before 4.99.2, when utf8 operators are enabled, there is an out-of-bounds read if large UTF-8 trailing characters are present (malformed UTF-8 header data). Information might be divulged within an error message produced during handling of an unrelated e-mail message.",
"id": "GHSA-f965-ghfw-x6jx",
"modified": "2026-05-01T03:31:23Z",
"published": "2026-05-01T00:31:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40686"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://code.exim.org/exim/exim/commit/f2570bde16fb4d4a1242ff363a4c4eecf6372efc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exim.org/static/doc/security/CVE-2025-40686.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exim.org/static/doc/security/CVE-2026-40686.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exim.org/static/doc/security/cve-2026-04.1/CVE2026-40686.assessment"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/30/21"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F97F-26JC-GFFX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-16 12:30 – Updated: 2024-10-16 18:31mlocate's %post script allows RUN_UPDATEDB_AS user to make arbitrary files world readable by abusing insecure file operations that run with root privileges.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-32190"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-16T12:15:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "mlocate\u0027s %post script allows RUN_UPDATEDB_AS user to make arbitrary files world readable by abusing insecure file operations that run with root privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-f97f-26jc-gffx",
"modified": "2024-10-16T18:31:42Z",
"published": "2024-10-16T12:30:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-32190"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.suse.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2023-32190"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-F988-RXFV-FQH7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-10 09:32 – Updated: 2025-11-18 15:30In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
firmware: cs_dsp: Fix OOB memory read access in KUnit test (ctl cache)
KASAN reported out of bounds access - cs_dsp_ctl_cache_init_multiple_offsets(). The code uses mock_coeff_template.length_bytes (4 bytes) for register value allocations. But later, this length is set to 8 bytes which causes test code failures.
As fix, just remove the lenght override, keeping the original value 4 for all operations.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-38330"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-10T09:15:27Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nfirmware: cs_dsp: Fix OOB memory read access in KUnit test (ctl cache)\n\nKASAN reported out of bounds access - cs_dsp_ctl_cache_init_multiple_offsets().\nThe code uses mock_coeff_template.length_bytes (4 bytes) for register value\nallocations. But later, this length is set to 8 bytes which causes\ntest code failures.\n\nAs fix, just remove the lenght override, keeping the original value 4\nfor all operations.",
"id": "GHSA-f988-rxfv-fqh7",
"modified": "2025-11-18T15:30:41Z",
"published": "2025-07-10T09:32:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-38330"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e3dafc64b90546eb769f33333afabd9e3e915757"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f4ba2ea57da51d616b689c4b8826c517ff5a8523"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F98M-J6F8-7632
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:13 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:13An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.3, iOS 14.5 and iPadOS 14.5, watchOS 7.4, tvOS 14.5. Processing a maliciously crafted image may lead to arbitrary code execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-1885"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-08T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.3, iOS 14.5 and iPadOS 14.5, watchOS 7.4, tvOS 14.5. Processing a maliciously crafted image may lead to arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-f98m-j6f8-7632",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:13:30Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:13:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1885"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212317"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212323"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212324"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212325"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-F9FH-23QV-G394
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 06:31 – Updated: 2026-07-09 06:31UltraVNC through 1.8.2.2 contains an out-of-bounds read in the wide-string to multibyte conversion helper. In rfb/dh.cpp:204, the vncWc2Mb() function passes a caller-supplied WCHAR pointer to wcslen() before any bounds check. If the caller provides a wide-character buffer that is not properly NUL-terminated, wcslen() reads past the end of the buffer until it encounters a NUL wchar, resulting in an out-of-bounds read. Under typical Win32 API usage this requires an abnormal caller contract. Impact is limited to a potential information disclosure from adjacent memory regions or a process crash (denial of service) if the over-read crosses a page boundary.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-44041"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-01T05:16:21Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "UltraVNC through 1.8.2.2 contains an out-of-bounds read in the wide-string to multibyte conversion helper. In rfb/dh.cpp:204, the vncWc2Mb() function passes a caller-supplied WCHAR pointer to wcslen() before any bounds check. If the caller provides a wide-character buffer that is not properly NUL-terminated, wcslen() reads past the end of the buffer until it encounters a NUL wchar, resulting in an out-of-bounds read. Under typical Win32 API usage this requires an abnormal caller contract. Impact is limited to a potential information disclosure from adjacent memory regions or a process crash (denial of service) if the over-read crosses a page boundary.",
"id": "GHSA-f9fh-23qv-g394",
"modified": "2026-07-09T06:31:59Z",
"published": "2026-07-01T06:31:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44041"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ultravnc/UltraVNC"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://uvnc.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.securin.io/zero-days/cve-2026-44041-vncwc2mb-wcslen-before-bounds-check-ultravnc"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F9FV-PV8G-G96G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:49 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:49An issue was discovered in JerryScript 1.0. There is a heap-based buffer over-read in the lit_read_code_unit_from_utf8 function via a RegExp("[\u0020") payload, related to re_parse_char_class in parser/regexp/re-parser.c.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-11418"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-05-24T20:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in JerryScript 1.0. There is a heap-based buffer over-read in the lit_read_code_unit_from_utf8 function via a RegExp(\"[\\\\u0020\") payload, related to re_parse_char_class in parser/regexp/re-parser.c.",
"id": "GHSA-f9fv-pv8g-g96g",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:49:13Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:49:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-11418"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jerryscript-project/jerryscript/issues/2237"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F9HX-C6JF-3QXM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-08 00:30 – Updated: 2026-05-07 13:25An out-of-bounds access vulnerability in the loading of ExecuTorch models can cause the runtime to crash and potentially result in code execution or other undesirable effects. This issue affects ExecuTorch prior to commit fb03b6f85596a8f954d97929075335255b6a58d4.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "executorch"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.7.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.pytorch:executorch-android"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.7.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "SwiftURL",
"name": "github.com/pytorch/executorch"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.7.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-54950"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-08-12T19:02:03Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-07T23:15:26Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds access vulnerability in the loading of ExecuTorch models can cause the runtime to crash and potentially result in code execution or other undesirable effects. This issue affects ExecuTorch prior to commit fb03b6f85596a8f954d97929075335255b6a58d4.",
"id": "GHSA-f9hx-c6jf-3qxm",
"modified": "2026-05-07T13:25:46Z",
"published": "2025-08-08T00:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54950"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pytorch/executorch/commit/b6b7a16df5e7852d976d8c34c8a7e9a1b6f7d005"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pytorch/executorch/commit/fb03b6f85596a8f954d97929075335255b6a58d4"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/pytorch/executorch"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.facebook.com/security/advisories/cve-2025-54950"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "ExecuTorch out-of-bounds access vulnerability"
}
GHSA-F9J8-C9VV-WVPC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:14 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:14Vulnerability in the Oracle VM VirtualBox product of Oracle Virtualization (component: Core). Supported versions that are affected are Prior to 5.2.40, prior to 6.0.20 and prior to 6.1.6. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with logon to the infrastructure where Oracle VM VirtualBox executes to compromise Oracle VM VirtualBox. While the vulnerability is in Oracle VM VirtualBox, attacks may significantly impact additional products. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle VM VirtualBox accessible data. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 6.0 (Confidentiality impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-2741"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-04-15T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle VM VirtualBox product of Oracle Virtualization (component: Core). Supported versions that are affected are Prior to 5.2.40, prior to 6.0.20 and prior to 6.1.6. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with logon to the infrastructure where Oracle VM VirtualBox executes to compromise Oracle VM VirtualBox. While the vulnerability is in Oracle VM VirtualBox, attacks may significantly impact additional products. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle VM VirtualBox accessible data. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 6.0 (Confidentiality impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N).",
"id": "GHSA-f9j8-c9vv-wvpc",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:14:47Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:14:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-2741"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202101-09"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2020.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-20-498"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-07/msg00001.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.