CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11356 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-FX9R-HC7V-RFJW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-14 06:30 – Updated: 2025-02-14 06:30Out-of-bounds read vulnerability caused by improper checking of TCP MSS option values exists in Cente middleware TCP/IP Network Series, which may lead to processing a specially crafted packet to cause the affected product crashed.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-23406"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-14T05:15:12Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds read vulnerability caused by improper checking of TCP MSS option values exists in Cente middleware TCP/IP Network Series, which may lead to processing a specially crafted packet to cause the affected product crashed.",
"id": "GHSA-fx9r-hc7v-rfjw",
"modified": "2025-02-14T06:30:36Z",
"published": "2025-02-14T06:30:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-23406"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/en/vu/JVNVU92227620"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cente.jp/obstacle/5451"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FXC4-XG3W-W67G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:54 – Updated: 2022-05-24 16:54Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions, 2019.012.20035 and earlier, 2019.012.20035 and earlier, 2017.011.30142 and earlier, 2017.011.30143 and earlier, 2017.011.30142 and earlier, 2015.006.30497 and earlier, and 2015.006.30498 and earlier have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-8011"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-08-20T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions, 2019.012.20035 and earlier, 2019.012.20035 and earlier, 2017.011.30142 and earlier, 2017.011.30143 and earlier, 2017.011.30142 and earlier, 2015.006.30497 and earlier, and 2015.006.30498 and earlier have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure.",
"id": "GHSA-fxc4-xg3w-w67g",
"modified": "2022-05-24T16:54:11Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:54:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-8011"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb19-41.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-FXC5-VM87-H57V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-29 03:30 – Updated: 2025-08-29 15:30An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Sonoma 14.7.7, macOS Ventura 13.7.7, macOS Sequoia 15.6. An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-43284"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-29T01:15:35Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Sonoma 14.7.7, macOS Ventura 13.7.7, macOS Sequoia 15.6. An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination.",
"id": "GHSA-fxc5-vm87-h57v",
"modified": "2025-08-29T15:30:38Z",
"published": "2025-08-29T03:30:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-43284"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/124149"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/124150"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/124151"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FXCG-68J8-MH5M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-09 00:30 – Updated: 2024-11-12 18:30vmir e8117 was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via the wasm_parse_section_functions function at /src/vmir_wasm_parser.c.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-35423"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-08T22:15:16Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "vmir e8117 was discovered to contain a heap buffer overflow via the wasm_parse_section_functions function at /src/vmir_wasm_parser.c.",
"id": "GHSA-fxcg-68j8-mh5m",
"modified": "2024-11-12T18:30:51Z",
"published": "2024-11-09T00:30:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-35423"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/andoma/vmir/issues/18"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/haruki3hhh/32fd20583f2008e6b68caaaaf4ecf237"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FXF9-RXPJ-26GX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-07 21:31 – Updated: 2026-07-07 21:31GNU Wget through 1.25.0, fixed in commit 37a40fc, contains a heap buffer underread vulnerability in the clean_metalink_string() function within src/metalink.c that allows a malicious server to trigger memory corruption by serving a Metalink document containing a whitespace-only URL. Attackers can cause the function to decrement a pointer past the start of the buffer when processing an all-whitespace Metalink URL, potentially leading to abnormal program behavior.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-58469"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-07T21:17:28Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "GNU Wget through 1.25.0, fixed in commit 37a40fc, contains a heap buffer underread vulnerability in the clean_metalink_string() function within src/metalink.c that allows a malicious server to trigger memory corruption by serving a Metalink document containing a whitespace-only URL. Attackers can cause the function to decrement a pointer past the start of the buffer when processing an all-whitespace Metalink URL, potentially leading to abnormal program behavior.",
"id": "GHSA-fxf9-rxpj-26gx",
"modified": "2026-07-07T21:31:36Z",
"published": "2026-07-07T21:31:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-58469"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gnuwget/wget/-/commit/37a40fcb450153f69537c7cbc2a7a4fb0b6f7826"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/gnu-wget-heap-buffer-underread-via-metalink-url-parsing"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-FXM2-HMV4-FRC7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:48 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:01In rw_t3t_act_handle_fmt_rsp and rw_t3t_act_handle_sro_rsp of rw_t3t.cc, there is a possible out-of-bound read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-7.0 Android-7.1.1 Android-7.1.2 Android-8.0 Android-8.1 Android-9Android ID: A-120506143
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-2022"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-06-19T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In rw_t3t_act_handle_fmt_rsp and rw_t3t_act_handle_sro_rsp of rw_t3t.cc, there is a possible out-of-bound read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-7.0 Android-7.1.1 Android-7.1.2 Android-8.0 Android-8.1 Android-9Android ID: A-120506143",
"id": "GHSA-fxm2-hmv4-frc7",
"modified": "2024-04-04T01:01:23Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:48:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-2022"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2019-03-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FXMG-2C5F-XHVQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 00:52 – Updated: 2022-05-14 00:52Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions 2019.008.20081 and earlier, 2019.008.20080 and earlier, 2019.008.20081 and earlier, 2017.011.30106 and earlier version, 2017.011.30105 and earlier version, 2015.006.30457 and earlier, and 2015.006.30456 and earlier have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-19717"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-01-18T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions 2019.008.20081 and earlier, 2019.008.20080 and earlier, 2019.008.20081 and earlier, 2017.011.30106 and earlier version, 2017.011.30105 and earlier version, 2015.006.30457 and earlier, and 2015.006.30456 and earlier have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure.",
"id": "GHSA-fxmg-2c5f-xhvq",
"modified": "2022-05-14T00:52:33Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T00:52:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-19717"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb18-41.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/106162"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FXP2-5JQ8-9J2F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:42 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:42The IS-IS parser in tcpdump before 4.9.2 has a buffer over-read in print-isoclns.c:isis_print().
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-12999"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-09-14T06:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The IS-IS parser in tcpdump before 4.9.2 has a buffer over-read in print-isoclns.c:isis_print().",
"id": "GHSA-fxp2-5jq8-9j2f",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:42:51Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:42:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-12999"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/the-tcpdump-group/tcpdump/commit/3b32029db354cbc875127869d9b12a9addc75b50"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHEA-2018:0705"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201709-23"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT208221"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3971"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1039307"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.tcpdump.org/tcpdump-changes.txt"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FXR5-V2QF-8828
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-27 03:33 – Updated: 2026-01-11 18:30In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
xfrm: state: fix out-of-bounds read during lookup
lookup and resize can run in parallel.
The xfrm_state_hash_generation seqlock ensures a retry, but the hash functions can observe a hmask value that is too large for the new hlist array.
rehash does: rcu_assign_pointer(net->xfrm.state_bydst, ndst) [..] net->xfrm.state_hmask = nhashmask;
While state lookup does: h = xfrm_dst_hash(net, daddr, saddr, tmpl->reqid, encap_family); hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(x, net->xfrm.state_bydst + h, bydst) {
This is only safe in case the update to state_bydst is larger than net->xfrm.xfrm_state_hmask (or if the lookup function gets serialized via state spinlock again).
Fix this by prefetching state_hmask and the associated pointers. The xfrm_state_hash_generation seqlock retry will ensure that the pointer and the hmask will be consistent.
The existing helpers, like xfrm_dst_hash(), are now unsafe for RCU side, add lockdep assertions to document that they are only safe for insert side.
xfrm_state_lookup_byaddr() uses the spinlock rather than RCU. AFAICS this is an oversight from back when state lookup was converted to RCU, this lock should be replaced with RCU in a future patch.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-57982"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-27T02:15:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nxfrm: state: fix out-of-bounds read during lookup\n\nlookup and resize can run in parallel.\n\nThe xfrm_state_hash_generation seqlock ensures a retry, but the hash\nfunctions can observe a hmask value that is too large for the new hlist\narray.\n\nrehash does:\n rcu_assign_pointer(net-\u003exfrm.state_bydst, ndst) [..]\n net-\u003exfrm.state_hmask = nhashmask;\n\nWhile state lookup does:\n h = xfrm_dst_hash(net, daddr, saddr, tmpl-\u003ereqid, encap_family);\n hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(x, net-\u003exfrm.state_bydst + h, bydst) {\n\nThis is only safe in case the update to state_bydst is larger than\nnet-\u003exfrm.xfrm_state_hmask (or if the lookup function gets\nserialized via state spinlock again).\n\nFix this by prefetching state_hmask and the associated pointers.\nThe xfrm_state_hash_generation seqlock retry will ensure that the pointer\nand the hmask will be consistent.\n\nThe existing helpers, like xfrm_dst_hash(), are now unsafe for RCU side,\nadd lockdep assertions to document that they are only safe for insert\nside.\n\nxfrm_state_lookup_byaddr() uses the spinlock rather than RCU.\nAFAICS this is an oversight from back when state lookup was converted to\nRCU, this lock should be replaced with RCU in a future patch.",
"id": "GHSA-fxr5-v2qf-8828",
"modified": "2026-01-11T18:30:27Z",
"published": "2025-02-27T03:33:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-57982"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a16871c7832ea6435abb6e0b58289ae7dcb7e4fc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b86dc510308d7a8955f3f47a4fea4bef887653e4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dd4c2a174994238d55ab54da2545543d36f4e0d0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e952837f3ddb0ff726d5b582aa1aad9aa38d024d"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FXRQ-JGW4-Q4PQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-03-11 00:02 – Updated: 2022-03-17 00:01There is an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the IFAA module. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may cause stack overflow.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-40050"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-03-10T17:43:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "There is an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the IFAA module. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may cause stack overflow.",
"id": "GHSA-fxrq-jgw4-q4pq",
"modified": "2022-03-17T00:01:54Z",
"published": "2022-03-11T00:02:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-40050"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2022/3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://device.harmonyos.com/cn/docs/security/update/security-bulletins-phones-202203-0000001257385193"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.