Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-125

Allowed

Out-of-bounds Read

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

11354 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-G3GV-9XVR-P3R6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-14 18:30 – Updated: 2024-11-18 16:26
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been identified in S7-PCT (All versions), Security Configuration Tool (SCT) (All versions), SIMATIC Automation Tool (All versions), SIMATIC BATCH V9.1 (All versions), SIMATIC NET PC Software (All versions), SIMATIC PCS 7 V9.1 (All versions), SIMATIC PDM V9.2 (All versions), SIMATIC Route Control V9.1 (All versions), SIMATIC STEP 7 V5 (All versions), SIMATIC WinCC OA V3.17 (All versions), SIMATIC WinCC OA V3.18 (All versions < V3.18 P025), SIMATIC WinCC OA V3.19 (All versions < V3.19 P010), SIMATIC WinCC Runtime Advanced (All versions), SIMATIC WinCC Runtime Professional V16 (All versions), SIMATIC WinCC Runtime Professional V17 (All versions), SIMATIC WinCC Runtime Professional V18 (All versions), SIMATIC WinCC Runtime Professional V19 (All versions), SIMATIC WinCC Unified PC Runtime (All versions), SIMATIC WinCC V7.4 (All versions), SIMATIC WinCC V7.5 (All versions), SIMATIC WinCC V8.0 (All versions), SINAMICS Startdrive (All versions < V19 SP1), SINUMERIK ONE virtual (All versions < V6.23), SINUMERIK PLC Programming Tool (All versions), TIA Portal Cloud Connector (All versions < V2.0), Totally Integrated Automation Portal (TIA Portal) V15.1 (All versions), Totally Integrated Automation Portal (TIA Portal) V16 (All versions), Totally Integrated Automation Portal (TIA Portal) V17 (All versions), Totally Integrated Automation Portal (TIA Portal) V18 (All versions), Totally Integrated Automation Portal (TIA Portal) V19 (All versions < V19 Update 2). The affected applications contain an out of bounds read vulnerability. This could allow an attacker to cause a Blue Screen of Death (BSOD) crash of the underlying Windows kernel.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-46280"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-14T16:15:40Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been identified in S7-PCT (All versions), Security Configuration Tool (SCT) (All versions), SIMATIC Automation Tool (All versions), SIMATIC BATCH V9.1 (All versions), SIMATIC NET PC Software (All versions), SIMATIC PCS 7 V9.1 (All versions), SIMATIC PDM V9.2 (All versions), SIMATIC Route Control V9.1 (All versions), SIMATIC STEP 7 V5 (All versions), SIMATIC WinCC OA V3.17 (All versions), SIMATIC WinCC OA V3.18 (All versions \u003c V3.18 P025), SIMATIC WinCC OA V3.19 (All versions \u003c V3.19 P010), SIMATIC WinCC Runtime Advanced (All versions), SIMATIC WinCC Runtime Professional V16 (All versions), SIMATIC WinCC Runtime Professional V17 (All versions), SIMATIC WinCC Runtime Professional V18 (All versions), SIMATIC WinCC Runtime Professional V19 (All versions), SIMATIC WinCC Unified PC Runtime (All versions), SIMATIC WinCC V7.4 (All versions), SIMATIC WinCC V7.5 (All versions), SIMATIC WinCC V8.0 (All versions), SINAMICS Startdrive (All versions \u003c V19 SP1), SINUMERIK ONE virtual (All versions \u003c V6.23), SINUMERIK PLC Programming Tool (All versions), TIA Portal Cloud Connector (All versions \u003c V2.0), Totally Integrated Automation Portal (TIA Portal) V15.1 (All versions), Totally Integrated Automation Portal (TIA Portal) V16 (All versions), Totally Integrated Automation Portal (TIA Portal) V17 (All versions), Totally Integrated Automation Portal (TIA Portal) V18 (All versions), Totally Integrated Automation Portal (TIA Portal) V19 (All versions \u003c V19 Update 2). The affected applications contain an out of bounds read vulnerability. This could allow an attacker to cause a Blue Screen of Death (BSOD) crash of the underlying Windows kernel.",
  "id": "GHSA-g3gv-9xvr-p3r6",
  "modified": "2024-11-18T16:26:41Z",
  "published": "2024-05-14T18:30:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-46280"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-331112.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-784301.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-962515.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-G3H4-3P28-925R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-06 09:30 – Updated: 2022-12-07 18:30
VLAI
Details

In wlan driver, there is a possible missing bounds check, This could lead to local denial of service in wlan services.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-42758"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125",
      "CWE-126"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-12-06T07:15:00Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "In wlan driver, there is a possible missing bounds check, This could lead to local denial of service in wlan services.",
  "id": "GHSA-g3h4-3p28-925r",
  "modified": "2022-12-07T18:30:27Z",
  "published": "2022-12-06T09:30:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-42758"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/1599588060988411006"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-G3H5-9PHR-7C55

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:07 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:07
VLAI
Details

Possible out of bound read due to lack of length check of Bandwidth-NSS IE in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Voice & Music, Snapdragon Wired Infrastructure and Networking

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-1945"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-07-13T06:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Possible out of bound read due to lack of length check of Bandwidth-NSS IE in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Voice \u0026 Music, Snapdragon Wired Infrastructure and Networking",
  "id": "GHSA-g3h5-9phr-7c55",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:07:45Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:07:45Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1945"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.qualcomm.com/company/product-security/bulletins/july-2021-bulletin"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-G3HF-3C6J-2WXF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:47 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:38
VLAI
Details

In ytnef 1.9.2, the SwapDWord function in lib/ytnef.c allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) via a crafted file.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-9472"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-06-07T05:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In ytnef 1.9.2, the SwapDWord function in lib/ytnef.c allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) via a crafted file.",
  "id": "GHSA-g3hf-3c6j-2wxf",
  "modified": "2025-04-20T03:38:33Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:47:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-9472"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://blogs.gentoo.org/ago/2017/05/24/ytnef-heap-based-buffer-overflow-in-swapdword-ytnef-c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/LFJWMUEUC4ILH2HEOCYVVLQT654ZMCGQ"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/LFJWMUEUC4ILH2HEOCYVVLQT654ZMCGQ"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-G3HG-WFHH-F63P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:01 – Updated: 2025-05-05 18:30
VLAI
Details

Adobe Media Encoder versions 13.1 and earlier have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-8242"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-11-14T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Adobe Media Encoder versions 13.1 and earlier have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure.",
  "id": "GHSA-g3hg-wfhh-f63p",
  "modified": "2025-05-05T18:30:40Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:01:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-8242"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/media-encoder/apsb19-52.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-19-904"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-G3JH-XCHP-C6QC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:52 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:30
VLAI
Details

A denial of service vulnerability exists in the handling of the MXIT protocol in Pidgin. Specially crafted MXIT data sent via the server could potentially result in an out-of-bounds read. A malicious server or an attacker who intercepts the network traffic can send invalid data to trigger this vulnerability and cause a crash.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-2366"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-01-06T21:59:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A denial of service vulnerability exists in the handling of the MXIT protocol in Pidgin. Specially crafted MXIT data sent via the server could potentially result in an out-of-bounds read. A malicious server or an attacker who intercepts the network traffic can send invalid data to trigger this vulnerability and cause a crash.",
  "id": "GHSA-g3jh-xchp-c6qc",
  "modified": "2025-04-20T03:30:48Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T02:52:55Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-2366"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201701-38"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2016/dsa-3620"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.pidgin.im/news/security/?id=99"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/91335"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.talosintelligence.com/reports/TALOS-2016-0134"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3031-1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-G3JQ-HHRM-WGJX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-10 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:58
VLAI
Details

Out-of-bounds read in software for the Intel QAT Driver for Windows before version 1.9.0-0008 may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable information disclosure via local access.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-21239"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-05-10T14:15:10Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Out-of-bounds read in software for the Intel QAT Driver for Windows before version 1.9.0-0008 may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable information disclosure via local access.",
  "id": "GHSA-g3jq-hhrm-wgjx",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T03:58:46Z",
  "published": "2023-05-10T15:30:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-21239"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-00809.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-G3P2-88CR-GQ9R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:59 – Updated: 2022-05-24 16:59
VLAI
Details

Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions , 2019.012.20040 and earlier, 2017.011.30148 and earlier, 2017.011.30148 and earlier, 2015.006.30503 and earlier, and 2015.006.30503 and earlier have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure .

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-8189"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-10-17T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions , 2019.012.20040 and earlier, 2017.011.30148 and earlier, 2017.011.30148 and earlier, 2015.006.30503 and earlier, and 2015.006.30503 and earlier have an out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure .",
  "id": "GHSA-g3p2-88cr-gq9r",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T16:59:21Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:59:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-8189"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb19-49.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-G3P8-RPGJ-M5CF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:26 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:26
VLAI
Details

libxml2, as used in Google Chrome before 16.0.912.63, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via unspecified vectors.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2011-3905"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2011-12-13T21:55:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "libxml2, as used in Google Chrome before 16.0.912.63, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via unspecified vectors.",
  "id": "GHSA-g3p8-rpgj-m5cf",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:26:56Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:26:56Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2011-3905"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A14761"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=95465"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://googlechromereleases.blogspot.com/2011/12/stable-channel-update.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2013-0217.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2012/dsa-2394"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2011:188"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-G3Q3-PMMG-P6P8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-08 21:30 – Updated: 2026-05-12 15:31
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability was found in GNU Binutils 2.45. Impacted is the function _bfd_x86_elf_late_size_sections of the file bfd/elfxx-x86.c of the component Linker. The manipulation results in out-of-bounds read. The attack needs to be approached locally. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The patch is identified as b6ac5a8a5b82f0ae6a4642c8d7149b325f4cc60a. A patch should be applied to remediate this issue.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-11494"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-119",
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-08T20:15:34Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was found in GNU Binutils 2.45. Impacted is the function _bfd_x86_elf_late_size_sections of the file bfd/elfxx-x86.c of the component Linker. The manipulation results in out-of-bounds read. The attack needs to be approached locally. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The patch is identified as b6ac5a8a5b82f0ae6a4642c8d7149b325f4cc60a. A patch should be applied to remediate this issue.",
  "id": "GHSA-g3q3-pmmg-p6p8",
  "modified": "2026-05-12T15:31:12Z",
  "published": "2025-10-08T21:30:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-11494"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-082556.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/attachment.cgi?id=16389"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=33499"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=33499#c2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sourceware.org/git/gitweb.cgi?p=binutils-gdb.git;h=b6ac5a8a5b82f0ae6a4642c8d7149b325f4cc60a"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.327619"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.327619"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.668281"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.gnu.org"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Language Selection

Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.

CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers

An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.