Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-125

Allowed

Out-of-bounds Read

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

11338 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-GR9C-VX25-2FH5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 00:55 – Updated: 2022-05-14 00:55
VLAI
Details

A flaw was discovered in the HPACK decoder of HAProxy, before 1.8.14, that is used for HTTP/2. An out-of-bounds read access in hpack_valid_idx() resulted in a remote crash and denial of service.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-14645"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-09-21T13:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A flaw was discovered in the HPACK decoder of HAProxy, before 1.8.14, that is used for HTTP/2. An out-of-bounds read access in hpack_valid_idx() resulted in a remote crash and denial of service.",
  "id": "GHSA-gr9c-vx25-2fh5",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T00:55:58Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T00:55:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-14645"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHBA-2019:0028"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:2882"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2018-14645"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3780-1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mail-archive.com/haproxy@formilux.org/msg31253.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GRCX-3M6H-XMFJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:30 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:30
VLAI
Details

Foxit PDF Reader PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Foxit PDF Reader. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.

The specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-21018.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-38106"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T02:15:53Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "Foxit PDF Reader PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Foxit PDF Reader. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-21018.",
  "id": "GHSA-grcx-3m6h-xmfj",
  "modified": "2024-05-03T03:30:55Z",
  "published": "2024-05-03T03:30:55Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-38106"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.foxit.com/support/security-bulletins.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-984"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GRFQ-FJ8G-FXQ5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-01 12:30 – Updated: 2026-03-01 12:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability was identified in FascinatedBox lily up to 2.3. This issue affects the function patch_line_end of the file src/lily_build_error.c of the component Error Reporting. The manipulation leads to out-of-bounds read. The attack can only be performed from a local environment. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-3390"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-119",
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-01T10:16:01Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was identified in FascinatedBox lily up to 2.3. This issue affects the function patch_line_end of the file src/lily_build_error.c of the component Error Reporting. The manipulation leads to out-of-bounds read. The attack can only be performed from a local environment. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.",
  "id": "GHSA-grfq-fj8g-fxq5",
  "modified": "2026-03-01T12:30:18Z",
  "published": "2026-03-01T12:30:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-3390"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/FascinatedBox/lily/issues/382"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/FascinatedBox/lily"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/oneafter/0122/blob/main/i382/repro.lily"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.348276"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.348276"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.761326"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GRFR-GX46-J682

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-21 15:31 – Updated: 2024-11-06 00:31
VLAI
Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

mptcp: Fix out of bounds when parsing TCP options

The TCP option parser in mptcp (mptcp_get_options) could read one byte out of bounds. When the length is 1, the execution flow gets into the loop, reads one byte of the opcode, and if the opcode is neither TCPOPT_EOL nor TCPOPT_NOP, it reads one more byte, which exceeds the length of 1.

This fix is inspired by commit 9609dad263f8 ("ipv4: tcp_input: fix stack out of bounds when parsing TCP options.").

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-47244"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-21T15:15:13Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmptcp: Fix out of bounds when parsing TCP options\n\nThe TCP option parser in mptcp (mptcp_get_options) could read one byte\nout of bounds. When the length is 1, the execution flow gets into the\nloop, reads one byte of the opcode, and if the opcode is neither\nTCPOPT_EOL nor TCPOPT_NOP, it reads one more byte, which exceeds the\nlength of 1.\n\nThis fix is inspired by commit 9609dad263f8 (\"ipv4: tcp_input: fix stack\nout of bounds when parsing TCP options.\").",
  "id": "GHSA-grfr-gx46-j682",
  "modified": "2024-11-06T00:31:53Z",
  "published": "2024-05-21T15:31:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-47244"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/07718be265680dcf496347d475ce1a5442f55ad7"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/73eeba71dc9932970befa009e68272a3d5ec4a58"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/76e02b8905d0691e89e104a882f3bba7dd0f6037"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GRMJ-8WVF-P5XH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:35 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:35
VLAI
Details

A Denial of Service vulnerability exists in the Binary File Descriptor (BFD) in GNU Binutils 2.34 due to an invalid read in process_symbol_table, as demonstrated in readeif.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-16591"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-12-09T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A Denial of Service vulnerability exists in the Binary File Descriptor (BFD) in GNU Binutils 2.34 due to an invalid read in process_symbol_table, as demonstrated in readeif.",
  "id": "GHSA-grmj-8wvf-p5xh",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:35:29Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:35:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-16591"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20210115-0003"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=25822"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sourceware.org/git/gitweb.cgi?p=binutils-gdb.git;h=001890e1f9269697f7e0212430a51479271bdab2"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GRQM-7W8C-XF5J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-23 18:31 – Updated: 2026-06-23 18:31
VLAI
Details

Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions 2020.009.20074 and earlier, 2020.001.30002, 2017.011.30171 and earlier, and 2015.006.30523 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to disclose sensitive information. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-9713"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-23T18:17:31Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions 2020.009.20074 and earlier, 2020.001.30002, 2017.011.30171 and earlier, and 2015.006.30523 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to disclose sensitive information. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
  "id": "GHSA-grqm-7w8c-xf5j",
  "modified": "2026-06-23T18:31:43Z",
  "published": "2026-06-23T18:31:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-9713"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb20-48.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GRQV-X6Q8-X92G

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:13 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:36
VLAI
Details

hw/display/cirrus_vga_rop.h in QEMU (aka Quick Emulator) allows local guest OS privileged users to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read and QEMU process crash) via vectors related to copying VGA data via the cirrus_bitblt_rop_fwd_transp_ and cirrus_bitblt_rop_fwd_ functions.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-7718"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-04-20T17:59:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "hw/display/cirrus_vga_rop.h in QEMU (aka Quick Emulator) allows local guest OS privileged users to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read and QEMU process crash) via vectors related to copying VGA data via the cirrus_bitblt_rop_fwd_transp_ and cirrus_bitblt_rop_fwd_ functions.",
  "id": "GHSA-grqv-x6q8-x92g",
  "modified": "2025-04-20T03:36:18Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:13:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-7718"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:0980"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:0981"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:0982"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:0983"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:0984"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:0988"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:1205"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:1206"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:1430"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:1431"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017:1441"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1443441"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/09/msg00007.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201706-03"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://git.qemu-project.org/?p=qemu.git%3Ba=commit%3Bh=215902d7b6fb50c6fc216fc74f770858278ed904"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://git.qemu-project.org/?p=qemu.git;a=commit;h=215902d7b6fb50c6fc216fc74f770858278ed904"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2017/04/19/4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/97957"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GRRQ-428J-G389

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:43 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:45
VLAI
Details

ReadRLEImage in coders/rle.c in GraphicsMagick 1.3.26 mishandles RLE headers that specify too few colors, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) via a crafted file.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-14733"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-09-25T21:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "ReadRLEImage in coders/rle.c in GraphicsMagick 1.3.26 mishandles RLE headers that specify too few colors, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) via a crafted file.",
  "id": "GHSA-grrq-428j-g389",
  "modified": "2025-04-20T03:45:51Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:43:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-14733"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/06/msg00009.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/PF62B5PJA2JDUOCKJGUQO3SPL74BEYSV"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WHIKB4TP6KBJWT2UIPWL5MWMG5QXKGEJ"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/PF62B5PJA2JDUOCKJGUQO3SPL74BEYSV"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WHIKB4TP6KBJWT2UIPWL5MWMG5QXKGEJ"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://sourceforge.net/p/graphicsmagick/bugs/458"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4232-1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4321"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://hg.graphicsmagick.org/hg/GraphicsMagick?cmd=changeset%3Bnode=5381c71724e3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://hg.graphicsmagick.org/hg/GraphicsMagick?cmd=changeset;node=5381c71724e3"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GRV3-9MHW-H88M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:41 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:41
VLAI
Details

This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Foxit Studio Photo 3.6.6.922. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the handling of EPS files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated structure. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-11195.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-17422"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-02-09T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Foxit Studio Photo 3.6.6.922. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the handling of EPS files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated structure. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-11195.",
  "id": "GHSA-grv3-9mhw-h88m",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:41:24Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:41:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-17422"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.foxitsoftware.com/support/security-bulletins.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-20-1333"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-GRVJ-CC9V-JH9R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-07 09:31 – Updated: 2025-05-07 09:31
VLAI
Details

Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability in unpack_response (conn.c) in libplctag from 2.0 through 2.6.3 allows Overread Buffers via network.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-1400"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-05-07T07:15:50Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability in\u00a0unpack_response (conn.c) in libplctag from 2.0 through 2.6.3 allows Overread Buffers via network.",
  "id": "GHSA-grvj-cc9v-jh9r",
  "modified": "2025-05-07T09:31:17Z",
  "published": "2025-05-07T09:31:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1400"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.nozominetworks.com/labs/vulnerability-advisories-cve-2025-1400"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Language Selection

Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.

CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers

An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.