Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11273 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-JX84-VRFM-C347
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-05 18:31 – Updated: 2026-05-12 15:31
VLAI
Details
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
comedi: pcl726: Prevent invalid irq number
The reproducer passed in an irq number(0x80008000) that was too large, which triggered the oob.
Added an interrupt number check to prevent users from passing in an irq number that was too large.
If it->options[1] is 31, then 1 << it->options[1] is still invalid
because it shifts a 1-bit into the sign bit (which is UB in C).
Possible solutions include reducing the upper bound on the
it->options[1] value to 30 or lower, or using 1U << it->options[1].
The old code would just not attempt to request the IRQ if the
options[1] value were invalid. And it would still configure the
device without interrupts even if the call to request_irq returned an
error. So it would be better to combine this test with the test below.
Severity
7.1 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-39685"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-05T18:15:45Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ncomedi: pcl726: Prevent invalid irq number\n\nThe reproducer passed in an irq number(0x80008000) that was too large,\nwhich triggered the oob.\n\nAdded an interrupt number check to prevent users from passing in an irq\nnumber that was too large.\n\nIf `it-\u003eoptions[1]` is 31, then `1 \u003c\u003c it-\u003eoptions[1]` is still invalid\nbecause it shifts a 1-bit into the sign bit (which is UB in C).\nPossible solutions include reducing the upper bound on the\n`it-\u003eoptions[1]` value to 30 or lower, or using `1U \u003c\u003c it-\u003eoptions[1]`.\n\nThe old code would just not attempt to request the IRQ if the\n`options[1]` value were invalid. And it would still configure the\ndevice without interrupts even if the call to `request_irq` returned an\nerror. So it would be better to combine this test with the test below.",
"id": "GHSA-jx84-vrfm-c347",
"modified": "2026-05-12T15:31:03Z",
"published": "2025-09-05T18:31:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-39685"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-032379.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0eb4ed2aa261dee228f1668dbfa6d87353e8162d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5a33d07c94ba91306093e823112a7aa9727549f6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/96cb948408b3adb69df7e451ba7da9d21f814d00"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a3cfcd0c78c80ca7cd80372dc28f77d01be57bf6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bab220b0bb5af652007e278e8e8357f952b0e1ea"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d8992c9a01f81128f36acb7c5755530e21fcd059"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JXHJ-V2X6-23C5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-16 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-25 00:01
VLAI
Details
In parseRecursively of cppbor_parse.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds read due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-12LAndroid ID: A-192743373
Severity
4.4 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-20208"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-06-15T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In parseRecursively of cppbor_parse.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds read due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-12LAndroid ID: A-192743373",
"id": "GHSA-jxhj-v2x6-23c5",
"modified": "2022-06-25T00:01:02Z",
"published": "2022-06-16T00:00:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-20208"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2022-06-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JXHV-8XC9-73HQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:05 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:32
VLAI
Details
The git_commit_message function in oid.c in libgit2 before 0.24.3 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via a cat-file command with a crafted object file.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-8568"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-02-03T15:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The git_commit_message function in oid.c in libgit2 before 0.24.3 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via a cat-file command with a crafted object file.",
"id": "GHSA-jxhv-8xc9-73hq",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:32:22Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:05:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-8568"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2/issues/3936"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1383211"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2/releases/tag/v0.24.3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/4E77DG5KGQ7L34U75QY7O6NIPKZNQHQJ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/X3JBSNJAXP7JA3TGE2NPNRTD77JXFG4E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/XVUEIG6EESZB6BRU2IE3F5NRUEHMAEKC"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/4E77DG5KGQ7L34U75QY7O6NIPKZNQHQJ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/X3JBSNJAXP7JA3TGE2NPNRTD77JXFG4E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/XVUEIG6EESZB6BRU2IE3F5NRUEHMAEKC"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2016-12/msg00075.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2017-01/msg00103.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2017-01/msg00110.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2017-01/msg00114.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/10/08/7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/93466"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JXVQ-67HX-GHG3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:17 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:17
VLAI
Details
An out-of-bounds read in the SNMP stack in Contiki-NG 4.4 and earlier allows an attacker to cause a denial of service and potentially disclose information via crafted SNMP packets to snmp_ber_decode_string_len_buffer in os/net/app-layer/snmp/snmp-ber.c.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-12141"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-10-19T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds read in the SNMP stack in Contiki-NG 4.4 and earlier allows an attacker to cause a denial of service and potentially disclose information via crafted SNMP packets to snmp_ber_decode_string_len_buffer in os/net/app-layer/snmp/snmp-ber.c.",
"id": "GHSA-jxvq-67hx-ghg3",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:17:56Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:17:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-12141"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/contiki-ng/contiki-ng/pull/1355"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/contiki-ng/contiki-ng/commit/12c824386ab60de757de5001974d73b32e19ad71#diff-32367fad664c6118fd5dda77cdf38eedc006cdd7544eca5bbeebe0b99653f8a0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://twitter.com/ScepticCtf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-JXVQ-QF85-7WHF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-05 06:31 – Updated: 2025-03-05 15:30
VLAI
Details
Out of bounds read in PDFium in Google Chrome prior to 134.0.6998.35 allowed a remote attacker to potentially perform out of bounds memory access via a crafted PDF file. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-1918"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-05T04:15:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Out of bounds read in PDFium in Google Chrome prior to 134.0.6998.35 allowed a remote attacker to potentially perform out of bounds memory access via a crafted PDF file. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
"id": "GHSA-jxvq-qf85-7whf",
"modified": "2025-03-05T15:30:55Z",
"published": "2025-03-05T06:31:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1918"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2025/03/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/388557904"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M222-CMHP-V9M7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-14 00:30 – Updated: 2025-03-21 21:31
VLAI
Details
LibTIFF 4.4.0 has an out-of-bounds read in tiffcrop in tools/tiffcrop.c:3592, allowing attackers to cause a denial-of-service via a crafted tiff file. For users that compile libtiff from sources, the fix is available with commit afaabc3e.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-0796"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-02-13T23:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "LibTIFF 4.4.0 has an out-of-bounds read in tiffcrop in tools/tiffcrop.c:3592, allowing attackers to cause a denial-of-service via a crafted tiff file. For users that compile libtiff from sources, the fix is available with commit afaabc3e.",
"id": "GHSA-m222-cmhp-v9m7",
"modified": "2025-03-21T21:31:32Z",
"published": "2023-02-14T00:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-0796"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/cves/-/blob/master/2023/CVE-2023-0796.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/libtiff/libtiff/-/commit/afaabc3e50d4e5d80a94143f7e3c997e7e410f68"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/libtiff/libtiff/-/issues/499"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/02/msg00026.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202305-31"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230316-0003"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5361"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M22H-XR4X-3Q2G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:49 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:49
VLAI
Details
In libpbc.a in PBC through 2017-03-02, there is a buffer over-read in calc_hash in map.c.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-12915"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-06-27T18:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "In libpbc.a in PBC through 2017-03-02, there is a buffer over-read in calc_hash in map.c.",
"id": "GHSA-m22h-xr4x-3q2g",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:49:41Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:49:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-12915"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cloudwu/pbc/issues/118"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M264-RXP9-QM6V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-10 18:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:30
VLAI
Details
An out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists in the PORT command parameter extraction functionality of Weston Embedded uC-FTPs v 1.98.00. A specially-crafted set of network packets can lead to denial of service. An attacker can send packets to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability occurs when no port argument is provided to the PORT command.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-46378"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-823"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-05-10T16:15:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists in the PORT command parameter extraction functionality of Weston Embedded uC-FTPs v 1.98.00. A specially-crafted set of network packets can lead to denial of service. An attacker can send packets to trigger this vulnerability.This vulnerability occurs when no port argument is provided to the `PORT` command.",
"id": "GHSA-m264-rxp9-qm6v",
"modified": "2025-11-04T21:30:33Z",
"published": "2023-05-10T18:30:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-46378"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/weston-embedded/uC-FTPs/pull/2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1681"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2022-1681"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M288-F8H5-GXR4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-01 03:30 – Updated: 2024-07-03 18:34
VLAI
Details
In da, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS08541746; Issue ID: ALPS08541746.
Severity
4.4 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-20041"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-01T03:15:07Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In da, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS08541746; Issue ID: ALPS08541746.",
"id": "GHSA-m288-f8h5-gxr4",
"modified": "2024-07-03T18:34:00Z",
"published": "2024-04-01T03:30:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-20041"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/April-2024"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M292-8FCH-HXMG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:49 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:49
VLAI
Details
The __mkd_trim_line function in mkdio.c in libmarkdown.a in DISCOUNT 2.2.3a allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read) via a crafted file, as demonstrated by mkd2html.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-11468"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-05-25T13:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The __mkd_trim_line function in mkdio.c in libmarkdown.a in DISCOUNT 2.2.3a allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read) via a crafted file, as demonstrated by mkd2html.",
"id": "GHSA-m292-8fch-hxmg",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:49:14Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:49:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-11468"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Orc/discount/issues/189"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/09/msg00009.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4293"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.