Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11291 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-MGHM-JR32-GFH3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-09 18:30 – Updated: 2026-06-09 18:30
VLAI
Details
Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.
Severity
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-45455"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-09T17:17:19Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds read in Microsoft Office Excel allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.",
"id": "GHSA-mghm-jr32-gfh3",
"modified": "2026-06-09T18:30:48Z",
"published": "2026-06-09T18:30:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-45455"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-45455"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MGHW-9PVJ-GCQJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 21:14 – Updated: 2024-04-04 05:41
VLAI
Details
An arbitrary code execution vulnerability contained in Rockwell Automation's Arena Simulation software was reported that could potentially allow a malicious user to commit unauthorized arbitrary code to the software by using a memory buffer overflow in the heap.
potentially resulting in a complete loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-29461"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-05-09T14:15:13Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An arbitrary code execution vulnerability contained in Rockwell Automation\u0027s Arena Simulation software was reported that could potentially allow a malicious user to commit unauthorized arbitrary code to the software by using a memory buffer overflow in the heap. \n\n potentially\u00a0resulting in a complete loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability.\n",
"id": "GHSA-mghw-9pvj-gcqj",
"modified": "2024-04-04T05:41:38Z",
"published": "2023-07-06T21:14:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-29461"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rockwellautomation.custhelp.com/app/answers/answer_view/a_id/1139391"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MGJX-CQ94-RWCV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-13 18:31 – Updated: 2024-08-13 18:31
VLAI
Details
Insufficient input validation in the ABL may allow a privileged attacker with access to the BIOS menu or UEFI shell to tamper with the structure headers in SPI ROM causing an out of bounds memory read and write, potentially resulting in memory corruption or denial of service.
Severity
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-46772"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-13T17:15:17Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Insufficient input validation in the ABL may allow a privileged\nattacker with access to the BIOS menu or UEFI shell to tamper with the\nstructure headers in SPI ROM causing an out of bounds memory read and write,\npotentially resulting in memory corruption or denial of service.",
"id": "GHSA-mgjx-cq94-rwcv",
"modified": "2024-08-13T18:31:15Z",
"published": "2024-08-13T18:31:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-46772"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.amd.com/en/resources/product-security/bulletin/amd-sb-3003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.amd.com/en/resources/product-security/bulletin/amd-sb-4004.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.amd.com/en/resources/product-security/bulletin/amd-sb-5002.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MGM5-5XFM-4R2P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-09 18:31 – Updated: 2025-09-09 18:31
VLAI
Details
Out-of-bounds read in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-54095"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-09T17:15:53Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds read in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.",
"id": "GHSA-mgm5-5xfm-4r2p",
"modified": "2025-09-09T18:31:20Z",
"published": "2025-09-09T18:31:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54095"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-54095"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MGQ8-5XMQ-672X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:05 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:05
VLAI
Details
A CWE-125: Out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists inIGSS Definition (Def.exe) V15.0.0.21140 and prior that could result in loss of data or remote code execution due to missing length checks, when a malicious WSP file is being parsed by IGSS Definition.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-22753"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-06-11T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A CWE-125: Out-of-bounds read vulnerability exists inIGSS Definition (Def.exe) V15.0.0.21140 and prior that could result in loss of data or remote code execution due to missing length checks, when a malicious WSP file is being parsed by IGSS Definition.",
"id": "GHSA-mgq8-5xmq-672x",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:05:05Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:05:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22753"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://download.schneider-electric.com/files?p_Doc_Ref=SEVD-2021-159-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-MGRP-Q987-H8P8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-11 00:30 – Updated: 2024-11-04 18:31
VLAI
Details
In handleCreateConferenceComplete of ConnectionServiceWrapper.java, there is a possible way to reveal images across users due to a confused deputy. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-40656"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-11T00:15:11Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In handleCreateConferenceComplete of ConnectionServiceWrapper.java, there is a possible way to reveal images across users due to a confused deputy. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.",
"id": "GHSA-mgrp-q987-h8p8",
"modified": "2024-11-04T18:31:18Z",
"published": "2024-09-11T00:30:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-40656"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/services/Telecomm/+/f3e6a6c02439401eb7aeb3749ee5ec0b51a625b9"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2024-09-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MGVM-XH8J-RPQX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:47 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:38
VLAI
Details
In ytnef 1.9.2, the SwapWord function in lib/ytnef.c allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) via a crafted file.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-9471"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-06-07T05:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In ytnef 1.9.2, the SwapWord function in lib/ytnef.c allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) via a crafted file.",
"id": "GHSA-mgvm-xh8j-rpqx",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:38:33Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:47:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-9471"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blogs.gentoo.org/ago/2017/05/24/ytnef-heap-based-buffer-overflow-in-swapword-ytnef-c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/LFJWMUEUC4ILH2HEOCYVVLQT654ZMCGQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/LFJWMUEUC4ILH2HEOCYVVLQT654ZMCGQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3667-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MGXJ-77PP-GF3C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-06 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:35
VLAI
Details
In wlan, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07573603; Issue ID: ALPS07573603.
Severity
4.4 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-20728"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-06T13:15:12Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In wlan, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07573603; Issue ID: ALPS07573603.",
"id": "GHSA-mgxj-77pp-gf3c",
"modified": "2024-04-04T04:35:16Z",
"published": "2023-06-06T15:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-20728"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/June-2023"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MH23-V522-9FQX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-11 00:30 – Updated: 2023-12-23 09:30
VLAI
Details
A flaw was found in tiffcrop, a program distributed by the libtiff package. A specially crafted tiff file can lead to an out-of-bounds read in the extractImageSection function in tools/tiffcrop.c, resulting in a denial of service and limited information disclosure. This issue affects libtiff versions 4.x.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-1916"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-04-10T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A flaw was found in tiffcrop, a program distributed by the libtiff package. A specially crafted tiff file can lead to an out-of-bounds read in the extractImageSection function in tools/tiffcrop.c, resulting in a denial of service and limited information disclosure. This issue affects libtiff versions 4.x.",
"id": "GHSA-mh23-v522-9fqx",
"modified": "2023-12-23T09:30:22Z",
"published": "2023-04-11T00:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-1916"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/libtiff/libtiff/-/issues/536"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/libtiff/libtiff/-/issues/536%2C"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/libtiff/libtiff/-/issues/536,"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/libtiff/libtiff/-/issues/537"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213844"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MH2P-2X66-3HR4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-06 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:31
VLAI
Details
Out of bounds memory access in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 123.0.6312.105 allowed a remote attacker to perform arbitrary read/write via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-3159"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-06T15:15:26Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Out of bounds memory access in V8 in Google Chrome prior to 123.0.6312.105 allowed a remote attacker to perform arbitrary read/write via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)",
"id": "GHSA-mh2p-2x66-3hr4",
"modified": "2025-11-04T21:31:23Z",
"published": "2024-04-06T15:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-3159"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2024/04/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/330760873"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/EVEJEW7UCSUSK2J2FYQRZZPI74P2D3JP"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/U26WECLV5QAQVTIFAUDSRO6QX3NTHYVC"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.