CWE-259
AllowedUse of Hard-coded Password
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft
The product contains a hard-coded password, which it uses for its own inbound authentication or for outbound communication to external components.
340 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-2FJM-QC6M-8Q8H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-02 06:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:28Use of Hard-coded Password vulnerability in FTP function on Mitsubishi Electric Corporation MELSEC iQ-R Series EtherNet/IP module RJ71EIP91 and MELSEC iQ-F Series EtherNet/IP module FX5-ENET/IP allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to obtain a hard-coded password and access to the module via FTP.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-2061"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-259",
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-02T05:15:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Use of Hard-coded Password vulnerability in FTP function on Mitsubishi Electric Corporation MELSEC iQ-R Series EtherNet/IP module RJ71EIP91 and MELSEC iQ-F Series EtherNet/IP module FX5-ENET/IP allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to obtain a hard-coded password and access to the module via FTP.",
"id": "GHSA-2fjm-qc6m-8q8h",
"modified": "2024-04-04T04:28:22Z",
"published": "2023-06-02T06:30:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-2061"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/vu/JVNVU92908006"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mitsubishielectric.co.jp/psirt/vulnerability/pdf/2023-004.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2HFH-94W5-WXVF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-11 21:31 – Updated: 2026-07-16 23:14A vulnerability was found in saltbo zpan up to 1.6.5/1.7.0-beta2. It has been rated as problematic. This issue affects the function NewToken of the file zpan/internal/app/service/token.go of the component JSON Web Token Handler. The manipulation with the input 123 leads to use of hard-coded password. The attack may be initiated remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation is known to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/saltbo/zpan"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.6.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-7453"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-259"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-16T23:14:11Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-11T19:15:23Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in saltbo zpan up to 1.6.5/1.7.0-beta2. It has been rated as problematic. This issue affects the function NewToken of the file zpan/internal/app/service/token.go of the component JSON Web Token Handler. The manipulation with the input 123 leads to use of hard-coded password. The attack may be initiated remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation is known to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.",
"id": "GHSA-2hfh-94w5-wxvf",
"modified": "2026-07-16T23:14:11Z",
"published": "2025-07-11T21:31:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-7453"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/saltbo/zpan/issues/219"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/saltbo/zpan/pull/410"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/saltbo/zpan/commit/8662db8d4b06057631faf3deba4132e66705e947"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/saltbo/zpan"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/saltbo/zpan/releases/tag/v1.6.6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.316097"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.316097"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.608447"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "ZPan Uses Hard-Coded Password"
}
GHSA-2HGW-7HF5-VQR6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-07 06:30 – Updated: 2026-09-07 06:30A flaw has been found in SourceCodester Syllabus-Aligned Learning Management & Examination System 1.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file db.php. Executing a manipulation can lead to hard-coded credentials. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-86276"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-259"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-07T06:17:24Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A flaw has been found in SourceCodester Syllabus-Aligned Learning Management \u0026 Examination System 1.0. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file db.php. Executing a manipulation can lead to hard-coded credentials. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used.",
"id": "GHSA-2hgw-7hf5-vqr6",
"modified": "2026-09-07T06:30:24Z",
"published": "2026-09-07T06:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-86276"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/hackliu/Vulnerability-Reports/blob/master/Syllabus%20Aligned%20Learning%20Management%20Examination%20System/VULN-03-SQL-Injection-Hardcoded-Credentials.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-86276"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/904873"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/399437"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/399437/cti"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.sourcecodester.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-2JGC-RCC5-7Q6J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-18 18:30 – Updated: 2024-09-20 15:30runofast Indoor Security Camera for Baby Monitor has a default password of password for the root account. This allows access to the /stream1 URI via the rtsp:// protocol to receive the video and audio stream.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-46959"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-259"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-18T18:15:06Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "runofast Indoor Security Camera for Baby Monitor has a default password of password for the root account. This allows access to the /stream1 URI via the rtsp:// protocol to receive the video and audio stream.",
"id": "GHSA-2jgc-rcc5-7q6j",
"modified": "2024-09-20T15:30:37Z",
"published": "2024-09-18T18:30:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-46959"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://werewolves.world/blog/09072024"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2MPQ-2WX7-6333
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-27 03:30 – Updated: 2025-10-01 15:30Flock Safety LPR (License Plate Reader) devices with firmware through 2.2 have a hardcoded password for a system.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-47823"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-259"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-06-27T03:15:22Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Flock Safety LPR (License Plate Reader) devices with firmware through 2.2 have a hardcoded password for a system.",
"id": "GHSA-2mpq-2wx7-6333",
"modified": "2025-10-01T15:30:30Z",
"published": "2025-06-27T03:30:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-47823"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gainsec.com/2025/06/19/bird-hunting-season-security-research-on-flock-safety-anti-crime-systems"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gainsec.com/2025/06/19/grounded-flight-device-2-root-shell-on-flock-safetys-falcon-sparrow-automated-license-plate-reader"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gainsec.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/06/flock-safety-researcher-summary.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.flocksafety.com/articles/gunshot-detection-and-license-plate-reader-security-alert"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2PFH-M36R-GFQC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:45 – Updated: 2022-10-08 00:00The software contains a hard-coded password it uses for its own inbound authentication or for outbound communication to external components on the Reason DR60 (all firmware versions prior to 02A04.1).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-27440"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-259",
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-03-25T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The software contains a hard-coded password it uses for its own inbound authentication or for outbound communication to external components on the Reason DR60 (all firmware versions prior to 02A04.1).",
"id": "GHSA-2pfh-m36r-gfqc",
"modified": "2022-10-08T00:00:33Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:45:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27440"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-21-082-03"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2PXP-HM79-MVQX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-01 03:30 – Updated: 2024-08-01 03:30A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK CP450 4.1.0cu.747_B20191224. It has been classified as critical. This affects an unknown part of the file /web_cste/cgi-bin/product.ini of the component Telnet Service. The manipulation leads to use of hard-coded password. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-273255. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-7332"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-259",
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-01T01:15:09Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK CP450 4.1.0cu.747_B20191224. It has been classified as critical. This affects an unknown part of the file /web_cste/cgi-bin/product.ini of the component Telnet Service. The manipulation leads to use of hard-coded password. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-273255. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-2pxp-hm79-mvqx",
"modified": "2024-08-01T03:30:46Z",
"published": "2024-08-01T03:30:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-7332"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/abcdefg-png/IoT-vulnerable/blob/main/TOTOLINK/CP450/product.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.273255"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.273255"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.378357"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-32WR-WJ5P-2R78
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:36 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:36A Use of Hard-Coded Password issue was discovered in Phoenix Broadband PowerAgent SC3 BMS, all versions prior to v6.87. Use of a hard-coded password may allow unauthorized access to the device.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-6039"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-259",
"CWE-798"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-06-02T14:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A Use of Hard-Coded Password issue was discovered in Phoenix Broadband PowerAgent SC3 BMS, all versions prior to v6.87. Use of a hard-coded password may allow unauthorized access to the device.",
"id": "GHSA-32wr-wj5p-2r78",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:36:35Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:36:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-6039"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-17-152-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/98781"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-387F-GGQP-CCR9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-14 18:30 – Updated: 2024-08-15 21:31TOTOLINK CP450 v4.1.0cu.747_B20191224 was discovered to contain a hardcoded password vulnerability in /etc/shadow.sample, which allows attackers to log in as root.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-34211"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-259"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-14T15:38:34Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "TOTOLINK CP450 v4.1.0cu.747_B20191224 was discovered to contain a hardcoded password vulnerability in /etc/shadow.sample, which allows attackers to log in as root.",
"id": "GHSA-387f-ggqp-ccr9",
"modified": "2024-08-15T21:31:19Z",
"published": "2024-05-14T18:30:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-34211"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/n0wstr/IOTVuln/tree/main/CP450/HardCodeRoot"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3HWR-W7CV-HWC6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-06 00:30 – Updated: 2026-09-06 00:30A security vulnerability has been detected in Tenda CP3 27.5.57.101. Impacted is an unknown function of the file custom-x/softap/hostapd. Such manipulation of the argument wpa_passphrase leads to hard-coded credentials. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-86150"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-259"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-05T23:17:41Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "A security vulnerability has been detected in Tenda CP3 27.5.57.101. Impacted is an unknown function of the file custom-x/softap/hostapd. Such manipulation of the argument wpa_passphrase leads to hard-coded credentials. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used.",
"id": "GHSA-3hwr-w7cv-hwc6",
"modified": "2026-09-06T00:30:58Z",
"published": "2026-09-06T00:30:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-86150"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-86150"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/895351"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/399273"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/399273/cti"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tenda.com.cn"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation
For outbound authentication: store passwords outside of the code in a strongly-protected, encrypted configuration file or database that is protected from access by all outsiders, including other local users on the same system. Properly protect the key (CWE-320). If you cannot use encryption to protect the file, then make sure that the permissions are as restrictive as possible.
Mitigation
For inbound authentication: Rather than hard-code a default username and password for first time logins, utilize a "first login" mode that requires the user to enter a unique strong password.
Mitigation
Perform access control checks and limit which entities can access the feature that requires the hard-coded password. For example, a feature might only be enabled through the system console instead of through a network connection.
Mitigation
- For inbound authentication: apply strong one-way hashes to your passwords and store those hashes in a configuration file or database with appropriate access control. That way, theft of the file/database still requires the attacker to try to crack the password. When receiving an incoming password during authentication, take the hash of the password and compare it to the hash that you have saved.
- Use randomly assigned salts for each separate hash that you generate. This increases the amount of computation that an attacker needs to conduct a brute-force attack, possibly limiting the effectiveness of the rainbow table method.
Mitigation
For front-end to back-end connections: Three solutions are possible, although none are complete.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.