Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-269

Discouraged

Improper Privilege Management

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

The product does not properly assign, modify, track, or check privileges for an actor, creating an unintended sphere of control for that actor.

5464 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-V3JW-H6RW-7CWR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-30 00:32 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:34
VLAI
Details

This issue was addressed through improved state management. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.3, macOS Ventura 13.7.7, macOS Sonoma 14.7.7. An app may be able to execute arbitrary code out of its sandbox or with certain elevated privileges.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-24119"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-07-30T00:15:29Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "This issue was addressed through improved state management. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.3, macOS Ventura 13.7.7, macOS Sonoma 14.7.7. An app may be able to execute arbitrary code out of its sandbox or with certain elevated privileges.",
  "id": "GHSA-v3jw-h6rw-7cwr",
  "modified": "2025-11-03T21:34:11Z",
  "published": "2025-07-30T00:32:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24119"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122068"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/124150"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/124151"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Jul/33"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Jul/34"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V3M4-V33X-7JHP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-08 21:32 – Updated: 2025-05-08 21:32
VLAI
Details

On Arista CloudVision systems (virtual or physical on-premise deployments), Zero Touch Provisioning can be used to gain admin privileges on the CloudVision system, with more permissions than necessary, which can be used to query or manipulate system state for devices under management. Note that CloudVision as-a-Service is not affected.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-0505"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-05-08T19:16:01Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "On Arista CloudVision systems (virtual or physical on-premise deployments), Zero Touch Provisioning can be used to gain admin privileges on the CloudVision system, with more permissions than necessary, which can be used to query or manipulate system state for devices under management. Note that CloudVision as-a-Service is not affected.",
  "id": "GHSA-v3m4-v33x-7jhp",
  "modified": "2025-05-08T21:32:56Z",
  "published": "2025-05-08T21:32:56Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-0505"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.arista.com/en/support/advisories-notices/security-advisory/21315-security-advisory-0115"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V3Q2-56H4-5753

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:46 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:46
VLAI
Details

A logic issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.2, Security Update 2021-001 Catalina, Security Update 2021-001 Mojave, macOS Big Sur 11.1, Security Update 2020-001 Catalina, Security Update 2020-007 Mojave. A malicious application may be able to elevate privileges.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-27938"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-04-02T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A logic issue was addressed with improved state management. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.2, Security Update 2021-001 Catalina, Security Update 2021-001 Mojave, macOS Big Sur 11.1, Security Update 2020-001 Catalina, Security Update 2020-007 Mojave. A malicious application may be able to elevate privileges.",
  "id": "GHSA-v3q2-56h4-5753",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:46:10Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:46:10Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-27938"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212011"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212147"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-V3QQ-5WJ9-8242

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-19 18:32 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:31
VLAI
Details

Improper Privilege Management vulnerability in azzaroco Ultimate Membership Pro allows Privilege Escalation.This issue affects Ultimate Membership Pro: from n/a through 12.6.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-43240"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269",
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-08-19T17:15:08Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Improper Privilege Management vulnerability in azzaroco Ultimate Membership Pro allows Privilege Escalation.This issue affects Ultimate Membership Pro: from n/a through 12.6.",
  "id": "GHSA-v3qq-5wj9-8242",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:31:53Z",
  "published": "2024-08-19T18:32:08Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-43240"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/indeed-membership-pro/vulnerability/wordpress-indeed-ultimate-membership-pro-plugin-12-6-unauthenticated-privilege-escalation-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/indeed-membership-pro/wordpress-indeed-ultimate-membership-pro-plugin-12-6-unauthenticated-privilege-escalation-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V3VM-MF33-HV7V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-30 18:09 – Updated: 2024-08-02 00:31
VLAI
Details

Certain NFS servers allow users to use mknod to gain privileges by creating a writable kmem device and setting the UID to 0.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-1999-0084"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "1990-05-01T04:00:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Certain NFS servers allow users to use mknod to gain privileges by creating a writable kmem device and setting the UID to 0.",
  "id": "GHSA-v3vm-mf33-hv7v",
  "modified": "2024-08-02T00:31:24Z",
  "published": "2022-04-30T18:09:55Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-1999-0084"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/78"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V3VR-V6HX-4XRX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:18 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:18
VLAI
Details

An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists when Windows improperly handles calls to Clipboard Service, aka 'Windows Clipboard Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability'. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2020-1111, CVE-2020-1121, CVE-2020-1165.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-1166"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-05-21T23:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists when Windows improperly handles calls to Clipboard Service, aka \u0027Windows Clipboard Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability\u0027. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2020-1111, CVE-2020-1121, CVE-2020-1165.",
  "id": "GHSA-v3vr-v6hx-4xrx",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:18:32Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:18:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-1166"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2020-1166"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-V3W9-GMRF-H26R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:02 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:02
VLAI
Details

Windows Graphics Component Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2021-31188.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-31170"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269",
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-05-11T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Windows Graphics Component Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2021-31188.",
  "id": "GHSA-v3w9-gmrf-h26r",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:02:03Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:02:03Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-31170"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2021-31170"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-578"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V3WG-2XC7-X869

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-22 00:01 – Updated: 2022-06-29 00:00
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Hindu Matrimonial Script. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /admin/communitymanagement.php. The manipulation leads to improper privilege management. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-20070"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-06-21T06:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Hindu Matrimonial Script. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /admin/communitymanagement.php. The manipulation leads to improper privilege management. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.",
  "id": "GHSA-v3wg-2xc7-x869",
  "modified": "2022-06-29T00:00:26Z",
  "published": "2022-06-22T00:01:00Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-20070"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.95410"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/41044"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V455-MV2V-5G92

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-30 18:18 – Updated: 2026-06-30 18:18
VLAI
Summary
Fission Container Executor Function PodSpec Injection Leading to Node Escape
Details

Summary

Fission's Container Executor path lets a tenant supply Function.spec.podspec directly; the executor merges it into the executor-built podspec and creates a Deployment whose pods run the user's container image.

Details

Two flaws compounded:

  1. pkg/apis/core/v1/validation.go::FunctionSpec.Validate only checked that spec.PodSpec != nil when executorType: container; it did not inspect the content of spec.PodSpec.
  2. pkg/executor/util/merge.go::MergePodSpec unconditionally forwarded hostPID, hostNetwork, hostIPC, hostPath volumes, serviceAccountName, and container privileged into the Deployment spec via the container-executor sink (pkg/executor/executortype/container/deployment.go::getDeploymentSpec).

A tenant with only functions.fission.io/create could deploy a Function with a crafted podspec that mounted the host root filesystem and shared host namespaces. The executor — running under its high-privilege SA, which holds deployments/create on the function namespace — created that Deployment on the tenant's behalf, turning Function-create into effective deployments/create with arbitrary pod-security configuration.

This is the Function-CRD sibling of GHSA-gx55-f84r-v3r7 / GHSA-wmgg-3p4h-48x7, with a lower attack threshold: regular function developers typically hold functions/create but not environments/create.

Impact

A tenant with only functions.fission.io/create is escalated to node escape via a privileged, host-namespace pod scheduled by the executor.

Fix

Fixed in #3391 and released in v1.24.0.

  • FunctionSpec.Validate now calls ValidatePodSpecSafety("Function.spec.podspec", spec.PodSpec) after the existing spec.PodSpec == nil check.
  • The Function validating webhook is already registered on verbs=create;update, so it picks up the new validation with no marker change.
  • The same merge-layer strip and per-container sanitize used for the Environment path applies here, since the container-executor sink calls util.MergePodSpec.

See GHSA-gx55-f84r-v3r7 for the detailed fix.

Behavioural change

Functions whose spec.podspec sets host namespaces, hostPath volumes, container privileged/allowPrivilegeEscalation, dangerous Linux capabilities, or a serviceAccountName override are now rejected at admission. Legitimate container-executor functions that set image, command, args, env, resources, nodeSelector, tolerations, affinity, non-hostPath volumes, or volumeMounts are unaffected.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.23.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/fission/fission"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.24.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-50563"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269",
      "CWE-284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-30T18:18:42Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-10T18:17:12Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nFission\u0027s Container Executor path lets a tenant supply `Function.spec.podspec` directly; the executor merges it into the executor-built podspec and creates a Deployment whose pods run the user\u0027s container image.\n\n### Details\n\nTwo flaws compounded:\n\n1. `pkg/apis/core/v1/validation.go::FunctionSpec.Validate` only checked that `spec.PodSpec != nil` when `executorType: container`; it did not inspect the content of `spec.PodSpec`.\n2. `pkg/executor/util/merge.go::MergePodSpec` unconditionally forwarded `hostPID`, `hostNetwork`, `hostIPC`, hostPath volumes, `serviceAccountName`, and container `privileged` into the Deployment spec via the container-executor sink\n(`pkg/executor/executortype/container/deployment.go::getDeploymentSpec`).\n\nA tenant with only `functions.fission.io/create` could deploy a Function with a crafted podspec that mounted the host root filesystem and shared host namespaces. The executor \u2014 running under its high-privilege SA, which holds\n`deployments/create` on the function namespace \u2014 created that Deployment on the tenant\u0027s behalf, turning Function-create into effective `deployments/create` with arbitrary pod-security configuration.\n\nThis is the Function-CRD sibling of GHSA-gx55-f84r-v3r7 / GHSA-wmgg-3p4h-48x7, with a **lower** attack threshold: regular function developers typically hold `functions/create` but not `environments/create`.\n\n### Impact\n\nA tenant with only `functions.fission.io/create` is escalated to node escape via a privileged, host-namespace pod scheduled by the executor.\n\n### Fix\n\nFixed in [#3391](https://github.com/fission/fission/pull/3391) and released in [v1.24.0](https://github.com/fission/fission/releases/tag/v1.24.0).\n\n- `FunctionSpec.Validate` now calls `ValidatePodSpecSafety(\"Function.spec.podspec\", spec.PodSpec)` after the existing `spec.PodSpec == nil` check.\n- The Function validating webhook is already registered on `verbs=create;update`, so it picks up the new validation with no marker change.\n- The same merge-layer strip and per-container sanitize used for the Environment path applies here, since the container-executor sink calls `util.MergePodSpec`.\n\nSee GHSA-gx55-f84r-v3r7 for the detailed fix.\n\n### Behavioural change\n\nFunctions whose `spec.podspec` sets host namespaces, hostPath volumes, container `privileged`/`allowPrivilegeEscalation`, dangerous Linux capabilities, or a `serviceAccountName` override are now rejected at admission. Legitimate\ncontainer-executor functions that set `image`, `command`, `args`, `env`, `resources`, `nodeSelector`, `tolerations`, `affinity`, non-hostPath `volumes`, or `volumeMounts` are unaffected.",
  "id": "GHSA-v455-mv2v-5g92",
  "modified": "2026-06-30T18:18:42Z",
  "published": "2026-06-30T18:18:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/fission/fission/security/advisories/GHSA-v455-mv2v-5g92"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-50563"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/fission/fission/pull/3391"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/fission/fission/commit/e484df8460bb4e8026e24210120602aa7f181f64"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/fission/fission"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/fission/fission/releases/tag/v1.24.0"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Fission Container Executor Function PodSpec Injection Leading to Node Escape"
}

GHSA-V459-3HHP-QPQ4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:52 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:52
VLAI
Details

In Octopus Deploy versions 3.2.11 - 4.1.5 (fixed in 4.1.6), an authenticated user with ProcessEdit permission could reference an Azure account in such a way as to bypass the scoping restrictions, resulting in a potential escalation of privileges.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-4862"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-01-03T09:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In Octopus Deploy versions 3.2.11 - 4.1.5 (fixed in 4.1.6), an authenticated user with ProcessEdit permission could reference an Azure account in such a way as to bypass the scoping restrictions, resulting in a potential escalation of privileges.",
  "id": "GHSA-v459-3hhp-qpq4",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:52:41Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:52:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-4862"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/OctopusDeploy/Issues/issues/4134"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-1
Architecture and Design Operation

Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.

Mitigation MIT-48
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Separation of Privilege

Follow the principle of least privilege when assigning access rights to entities in a software system.

Mitigation MIT-49
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Separation of Privilege

Consider following the principle of separation of privilege. Require multiple conditions to be met before permitting access to a system resource.

CAPEC-122: Privilege Abuse

An adversary is able to exploit features of the target that should be reserved for privileged users or administrators but are exposed to use by lower or non-privileged accounts. Access to sensitive information and functionality must be controlled to ensure that only authorized users are able to access these resources.

CAPEC-233: Privilege Escalation

An adversary exploits a weakness enabling them to elevate their privilege and perform an action that they are not supposed to be authorized to perform.

CAPEC-58: Restful Privilege Elevation

An adversary identifies a Rest HTTP (Get, Put, Delete) style permission method allowing them to perform various malicious actions upon server data due to lack of access control mechanisms implemented within the application service accepting HTTP messages.