CWE-287
DiscouragedImproper Authentication
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.
5964 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-6GGV-MMG2-JF4R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-27 18:30 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:30A flaw was found in shadow-utils. When asking for a new password, shadow-utils asks the password twice. If the password fails on the second attempt, shadow-utils fails in cleaning the buffer used to store the first entry. This may allow an attacker with enough access to retrieve the password from the memory.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-4641"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287",
"CWE-303"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-12-27T16:15:13Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A flaw was found in shadow-utils. When asking for a new password, shadow-utils asks the password twice. If the password fails on the second attempt, shadow-utils fails in cleaning the buffer used to store the first entry. This may allow an attacker with enough access to retrieve the password from the memory.",
"id": "GHSA-6ggv-mmg2-jf4r",
"modified": "2025-11-03T21:30:58Z",
"published": "2023-12-27T18:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-4641"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:6632"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:7112"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:0417"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:2577"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-4641"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2215945"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/04/msg00026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6GJF-7W99-J7X7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-10-06 17:46 – Updated: 2022-10-13 18:02Impact
Assuming an administrator once had previous access to the admin interface, they may still be able to sign in to the backend using October CMS v2.0.
Patches
The issue has been patched in v2.1.12
Workarounds
-
Reset the password of the deleted accounts to prevent them from signing in.
-
Please contact hello@octobercms.com for code change instructions if you are unable to upgrade.
References
Credits to: • Daniel Bidala
For more information
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory: * Email us at hello@octobercms.com
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "october/october"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.1.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.1.12"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "october/system"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.1.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.1.12"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-41126"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-10-06T17:27:51Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-10-06T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\nAssuming an administrator once had previous access to the admin interface, they may still be able to sign in to the backend using October CMS v2.0.\n\n### Patches\nThe issue has been patched in v2.1.12\n\n### Workarounds\n\n- Reset the password of the deleted accounts to prevent them from signing in.\n\n- Please contact hello@octobercms.com for code change instructions if you are unable to upgrade.\n\n### References\n\nCredits to:\n\u2022 Daniel Bidala\n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n* Email us at [hello@octobercms.com](mailto:hello@octobercms.com)\n",
"id": "GHSA-6gjf-7w99-j7x7",
"modified": "2022-10-13T18:02:46Z",
"published": "2021-10-06T17:46:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/octobercms/october/security/advisories/GHSA-6gjf-7w99-j7x7"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-41126"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/octobercms/october"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://octobercms.com/changelog"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Deleted Admin Can Sign In to Admin Interface"
}
GHSA-6GM4-RPHQ-FCFX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-03-02 00:00 – Updated: 2022-03-17 00:04An improper authentication vulnerability in FortiMail before 7.0.1 may allow a remote attacker to efficiently guess one administrative account's authentication token by means of the observation of certain system's properties.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-36166"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-03-01T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An improper authentication vulnerability in FortiMail before 7.0.1 may allow a remote attacker to efficiently guess one administrative account\u0027s authentication token by means of the observation of certain system\u0027s properties.",
"id": "GHSA-6gm4-rphq-fcfx",
"modified": "2022-03-17T00:04:27Z",
"published": "2022-03-02T00:00:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-36166"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://fortiguard.com/psirt/FG-IR-21-028"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6GPJ-R895-3GXV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-25 06:30 – Updated: 2025-04-15 15:30An issue was discovered in Simmeth Lieferantenmanager before 5.6. An attacker can make various API calls without authentication because the password in a Credential Object is not checked.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-44013"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287",
"CWE-306"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-25T05:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Simmeth Lieferantenmanager before 5.6. An attacker can make various API calls without authentication because the password in a Credential Object is not checked.",
"id": "GHSA-6gpj-r895-3gxv",
"modified": "2025-04-15T15:30:45Z",
"published": "2022-12-25T06:30:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-44013"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sec-consult.com/vulnerability-lab/advisory/multiple-critical-vulnerabilities-in-simmeth-system-gmbh-lieferantenmanager"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6GRC-63F9-89VV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 23:28 – Updated: 2022-05-01 23:28The telnet service in LevelOne WBR-3460 4-Port ADSL 2/2+ Wireless Modem Router with firmware 1.00.11 and 1.00.12 does not require authentication, which allows remote attackers on the local or wireless network to obtain administrative access.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-0229"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2008-01-10T23:46:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The telnet service in LevelOne WBR-3460 4-Port ADSL 2/2+ Wireless Modem Router with firmware 1.00.11 and 1.00.12 does not require authentication, which allows remote attackers on the local or wireless network to obtain administrative access.",
"id": "GHSA-6grc-63f9-89vv",
"modified": "2022-05-01T23:28:31Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T23:28:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-0229"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/28397"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://securityreason.com/securityalert/3533"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/485935/100/0/threaded"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/27183"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id?1019162"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-6GX9-985P-W8C8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:05 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:05A vulnerability was found in mod_auth_mellon before v0.14.2. If Apache is configured as a reverse proxy and mod_auth_mellon is configured to only let through authenticated users (with the require valid-user directive), adding special HTTP headers that are normally used to start the special SAML ECP (non-browser based) can be used to bypass authentication.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-3878"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-03-26T18:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in mod_auth_mellon before v0.14.2. If Apache is configured as a reverse proxy and mod_auth_mellon is configured to only let through authenticated users (with the require valid-user directive), adding special HTTP headers that are normally used to start the special SAML ECP (non-browser based) can be used to bypass authentication.",
"id": "GHSA-6gx9-985p-w8c8",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:05:27Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:05:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-3878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Uninett/mod_auth_mellon/pull/196"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHBA-2019:0959"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:0746"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:0766"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:0985"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2019-3878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/CNW5YMC5TLWVWNJEY6AIWNSNPRAMWPQJ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/X7NLAU7KROWNTHAYSA2S67X347F42L2I"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3924-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6GXQ-F64P-5W6F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-22 13:14 – Updated: 2026-05-22 13:14An attacker who can connect to a magick -distribute-cache service can cause a heap buffer over-read in the server process.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-AnyCPU"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-AnyCPU"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-OpenMP-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-x86"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-OpenMP-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-OpenMP-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-x86"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-AnyCPU"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-OpenMP-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-OpenMP-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-x86"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.12.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-47166"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-22T13:14:38Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An attacker who can connect to a magick -distribute-cache service can cause a heap buffer over-read in the server process.",
"id": "GHSA-6gxq-f64p-5w6f",
"modified": "2026-05-22T13:14:38Z",
"published": "2026-05-22T13:14:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-6gxq-f64p-5w6f"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "ImageMagick: Heap Buffer Over-Read in distributed pixel cache server "
}
GHSA-6H38-5XH4-GHC6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-28 15:31 – Updated: 2026-04-23 15:32Authentication Bypass by Primary Weakness vulnerability in Swoop 1-Click Login: Passwordless Authentication allows Authentication Bypass.This issue affects 1-Click Login: Passwordless Authentication: 1.4.5.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-50478"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287",
"CWE-305"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-28T13:15:05Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Authentication Bypass by Primary Weakness vulnerability in Swoop 1-Click Login: Passwordless Authentication allows Authentication Bypass.This issue affects 1-Click Login: Passwordless Authentication: 1.4.5.",
"id": "GHSA-6h38-5xh4-ghc6",
"modified": "2026-04-23T15:32:45Z",
"published": "2024-10-28T15:31:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-50478"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/swoop-password-free-authentication/vulnerability/wordpress-1-click-login-passwordless-authentication-plugin-1-4-5-broken-authentication-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/swoop-password-free-authentication/wordpress-1-click-login-passwordless-authentication-plugin-1-4-5-broken-authentication-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6H45-925J-W6RP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:28 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:28An issue was discovered in Advantech WebAccess Version 8.1. By accessing a specific uniform resource locator (URL) on the web server, a malicious user is able to access pages unrestricted (AUTHENTICATION BYPASS).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-5152"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-02-13T21:59:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Advantech WebAccess Version 8.1. By accessing a specific uniform resource locator (URL) on the web server, a malicious user is able to access pages unrestricted (AUTHENTICATION BYPASS).",
"id": "GHSA-6h45-925j-w6rp",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:28:47Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:28:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-5152"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-17-012-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tenable.com/security/research/tra-2017-04"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/95410"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6H4Q-P2HP-MMHQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:17 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:17The FusionSphere OpenStack V100R006C00SPC102(NFV) has an improper authentication vulnerability. Due to improper authentication on one port, an authenticated, remote attacker may exploit the vulnerability to execute more operations by send a crafted rest message.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-8195"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-11-22T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The FusionSphere OpenStack V100R006C00SPC102(NFV) has an improper authentication vulnerability. Due to improper authentication on one port, an authenticated, remote attacker may exploit the vulnerability to execute more operations by send a crafted rest message.",
"id": "GHSA-6h4q-p2hp-mmhq",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:17:11Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:17:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-8195"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.huawei.com/en/psirt/security-advisories/huawei-sa-20170830-01-OpenStack-en"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.
CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse
An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.
CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass
An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.
CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing
Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.
CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data
An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.
CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client
An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.
CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data
This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.
CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking
This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.
CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.
CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server
By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.
CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)
An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.