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Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-287

Discouraged

Improper Authentication

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.

6421 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-86214 (GCVE-0-2026-86214)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-06 13:00 – Updated: 2026-09-06 13:00
VLAI
Title
Mstfakts College-Management-System login.php improper authentication
Summary
A vulnerability was determined in Mstfakts College-Management-System. Impacted is an unknown function of the file Front-end/login.php. This manipulation of the argument email causes improper authentication. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. This product is using a rolling release to provide continious delivery. Therefore, no version details for affected nor updated releases are available. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
Severity
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
7.3 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:R
7.3 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:R
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/399350 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/399350/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-86214 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/897250 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/Mstfakts/College-Management-Sy… exploitissue-tracking
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
n/a Mstfakts College-Management-System Affected: 82ab01d057d96c8893c419cd9cb6870120faaea3
Affected: a37300648b6e50d43a2f10392ad741d199635daf
Affected: c81bbedea4d9e0b860ac368aa1dbb10e55ceddce
    cpe:2.3:a:mstfakts_college-management-system:mstfakts_college-management-system:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Credits
Yangqiangfeng (VulDB User) VulDB CNA Team
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-86117 (GCVE-0-2026-86117)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-05 09:59 – Updated: 2026-09-05 09:59
VLAI
Title
Coolify through 4.3.17 OAuth Account Takeover via Unverified Email Matching
Summary
Coolify through 4.3.17 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability in the OAuth callback handler that signs users into existing accounts based solely on email address without verifying provider assertions or binding OAuth identities. Attackers can register a victim's email address on any enabled OAuth provider to obtain authenticated sessions as that user, bypassing password requirements and two-factor authentication.
Severity
9.2 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
coollabsio coolify Affected: 0 , ≤ 4.3.17 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-04 00:00
Credits
George Chen
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-85702 (GCVE-0-2026-85702)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-04 20:30 – Updated: 2026-09-04 20:30 Unsupported When Assigned
VLAI
Title
ramon-victor freegpt-webui Backend Conversation API backend.py _conversation missing authentication
Summary
A security vulnerability has been detected in ramon-victor freegpt-webui up to 098db3dfeb41555c2ca9269df0f13e10ec1c35dc. Affected is the function _conversation of the file server/backend.py of the component Backend Conversation API. Such manipulation of the argument model leads to missing authentication. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. This product operates on a rolling release basis, ensuring continuous delivery. Consequently, there are no version details for either affected or updated releases. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.
Severity
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
7.3 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:R
7.3 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:R
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/398805 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/398805/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-85702 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/895267 third-party-advisory
https://gist.github.com/Galaxync/15cb5d1bf6ab110f… exploit
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ramon-victor freegpt-webui Affected: 098db3dfeb41555c2ca9269df0f13e10ec1c35dc
    cpe:2.3:a:ramon-victor:freegpt-webui:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Galaxyn (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-85701 (GCVE-0-2026-85701)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-04 20:15 – Updated: 2026-09-04 20:15 Unsupported When Assigned
VLAI
Title
ramon-victor freegpt-webui Authentication Check __init__.py ChatCompletion.create missing authentication
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in ramon-victor freegpt-webui up to 098db3dfeb41555c2ca9269df0f13e10ec1c35dc. This issue affects the function ChatCompletion.create of the file g4f/__init__.py of the component Authentication Check. Such manipulation leads to missing authentication. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. This product utilizes a rolling release system for continuous delivery, and as such, version information for affected or updated releases is not disclosed. This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.
Severity
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/398799 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/398799/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-85701 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/895266 third-party-advisory
https://gist.github.com/Galaxync/4e91898128de8fff… exploit
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ramon-victor freegpt-webui Affected: 098db3dfeb41555c2ca9269df0f13e10ec1c35dc
    cpe:2.3:a:ramon-victor:freegpt-webui:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Galaxyn (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-85637 (GCVE-0-2026-85637)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-04 18:30 – Updated: 2026-09-04 19:21
VLAI
Title
jofpin trape Admin Endpoint sockets.py join_room missing authentication
Summary
A security flaw has been discovered in jofpin trape 1.0.0/2.0. Affected by this issue is the function join_room of the file core/sockets.py of the component Admin Endpoint. The manipulation results in missing authentication. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
Severity
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-04 19:21 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/vuln/398785 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/vuln/398785/cti signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-85637 third-party-advisory
https://vuldb.com/submit/895138 third-party-advisory
https://github.com/jofpin/trape/issues/406 exploitissue-tracking
https://github.com/jofpin/trape/ product
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
jofpin trape Affected: 1.0.0
Affected: 2.0
    cpe:2.3:a:jofpin:trape:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
GalaxynX (VulDB User) VulDB CNA Team
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-85636 (GCVE-0-2026-85636)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-04 18:00 – Updated: 2026-09-04 18:00
VLAI
Title
jofpin trape Login Endpoint stats.py missing authentication
Summary
A vulnerability was identified in jofpin trape 1.0.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file core/stats.py of the component Login Endpoint. The manipulation leads to missing authentication. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
Severity
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
jofpin trape Affected: 1.0.0
    cpe:2.3:a:jofpin:trape:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
GalaxynX (VulDB User) VulDB CNA Team
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-85596 (GCVE-0-2026-85596)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-04 11:30 – Updated: 2026-09-05 10:28
VLAI
Title
Traefik v3.7 Authentication Bypass via TLS Option Conflict
Summary
Traefik versions >= v3.7.0 and <= v3.7.10 contain an authentication bypass in the Kubernetes Ingress NGINX provider. The TLS option generated for an Ingress carrying the nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-tls-secret annotation was named after the Ingress namespace and name. As a result, two Ingress objects sharing the same host, the same client CA secret, and the same client-authentication mode produced two distinct TLS option names for that host. Traefik treats this as a TLS options conflict and falls back to the entry point's default TLS configuration, which does not request a client certificate, so a route configured with nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/auth-tls-verify-client: "on" becomes reachable without a client certificate. Only the v3.7 line is affected; the issue is fixed in v3.7.11.
Severity
8.2 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
traefik traefik Affected: 3.7.0 , ≤ 3.7.10 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:traefik:traefik:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-21 00:00
Credits
james-yusuke
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-85595 (GCVE-0-2026-85595)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-04 11:29 – Updated: 2026-09-05 10:28
VLAI
Title
Traefik before v2.11.55 and v3.0.0 through v3.7.10 Authentication Bypass via digestAuth
Summary
Traefik versions before v2.11.55 and versions v3.0.0 through v3.7.10 contain an authentication bypass vulnerability in the digestAuth middleware where unknown usernames receive an empty secret instead of rejection. Attackers can compute a valid digest response using the empty secret and arbitrary credentials to bypass authentication on any digestAuth-protected route without a valid username or password.
Severity
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-04 13:55 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
traefik traefik Affected: 0 , < 2.11.55 (semver)
Unaffected: 2.11.55 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
traefik traefik Affected: 3.0.0 , ≤ 3.7.10 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-21 00:00
Credits
matiasinsaurralde
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-84840 (GCVE-0-2026-84840)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-02 18:30 – Updated: 2026-09-02 19:04
VLAI
Title
tsi-coop tsi-dpdp-cms Bootstrap Setup Endpoint InterceptingFilter.java missing authentication
Summary
A vulnerability was identified in tsi-coop tsi-dpdp-cms up to 0.5.0. This affects an unknown part of the file InterceptingFilter.java of the component Bootstrap Setup Endpoint. The manipulation leads to missing authentication. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. Upgrading to version 0.5.1 is able to mitigate this issue. Upgrading the affected component is recommended.
Severity
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L/E:P/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-02 19:02 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
tsi-coop tsi-dpdp-cms Affected: 0.1
Affected: 0.2
Affected: 0.3
Affected: 0.4
Affected: 0.5.0
Unaffected: 0.5.1
    cpe:2.3:a:tsi-coop:tsi-dpdp-cms:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Mahendravarman (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-84839 (GCVE-0-2026-84839)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-02 18:15 – Updated: 2026-09-03 15:03
VLAI
Title
tsi-coop tsi-dpdp-cms Admin Console/DPO Compliance Console web.xml missing authentication
Summary
A vulnerability was determined in tsi-coop tsi-dpdp-cms up to 0.5.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file web.xml of the component Admin Console/DPO Compliance Console. Executing a manipulation can lead to missing authentication. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. Upgrading to version 0.5.1 can resolve this issue. It is suggested to upgrade the affected component.
Severity
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:O/RC:C
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-03 15:03 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
tsi-coop tsi-dpdp-cms Affected: 0.1
Affected: 0.2
Affected: 0.3
Affected: 0.4
Affected: 0.5.0
Unaffected: 0.5.1
    cpe:2.3:a:tsi-coop:tsi-dpdp-cms:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Mahendravarman (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-09-03T15:03:17.600Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:2.3:a:tsi-coop:tsi-dpdp-cms:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
          ],
          "modules": [
            "Admin Console/DPO Compliance Console"
          ],
          "product": "tsi-dpdp-cms",
          "vendor": "tsi-coop",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0.1"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0.2"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0.3"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0.4"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0.5.0"
            },
            {
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0.5.1"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "reporter",
          "value": "Mahendravarman (VulDB User)"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "A vulnerability was determined in tsi-coop tsi-dpdp-cms up to 0.5.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file web.xml of the component Admin Console/DPO Compliance Console. Executing a manipulation can lead to missing authentication. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. Upgrading to version 0.5.1 can resolve this issue. It is suggested to upgrade the affected component."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "baseScore": 6.9,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
            "version": "4.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 5.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:O/RC:C",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_0": {
            "baseScore": 5.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:O/RC:C",
            "version": "3.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV2_0": {
            "baseScore": 5,
            "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N/E:POC/RL:OF/RC:C",
            "version": "2.0"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-306",
              "description": "Missing Authentication",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-287",
              "description": "Improper Authentication",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-02T18:15:11.525Z",
        "orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
        "shortName": "VulDB"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "VDB-398081 | tsi-coop tsi-dpdp-cms Admin Console/DPO Compliance Console web.xml missing authentication",
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/398081"
        },
        {
          "name": "VDB-398081 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, IOA)",
          "tags": [
            "signature",
            "permissions-required"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/398081/cti"
        },
        {
          "name": "CVE-2026-84839 | CVE Analysis and Report",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-84839"
        },
        {
          "name": "Submit #885619 | TSI Coop TSI DPDP CMS 0.4.8 Missing Authentication",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/885619"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "exploit"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/mano257200/TSI-DPDP-CMS-Missing-Authentication/blob/main/README.md"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "related"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/tsi-coop/tsi-dpdp-cms/blob/main/docs/security-fixes/3.md"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/tsi-coop/tsi-dpdp-cms/releases/tag/v0.5.1"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "product"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/tsi-coop/tsi-dpdp-cms/"
        }
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-09-02T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Advisory disclosed"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-09-02T02:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry created"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-09-02T14:02:26.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry last update"
        }
      ],
      "title": "tsi-coop tsi-dpdp-cms Admin Console/DPO Compliance Console web.xml missing authentication",
      "x_generator": [
        "VulDB PVTS v202609"
      ]
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
    "assignerShortName": "VulDB",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-84839",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-02T18:15:11.525Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-02T11:56:57.230Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-03T15:03:17.600Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.

CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse

An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.

CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass

An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.

CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing

Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.

CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data

An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.

CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client

An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.

CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data

This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.

CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking

This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.

CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.

CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server

By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.

CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)

An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.

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