CWE-287
DiscouragedImproper Authentication
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.
5964 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-6M89-RP82-WCGJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-12 21:32 – Updated: 2025-09-15 18:31Incorrect access control in the FTP protocol of Audi UTR 2.0 Universal Traffic Recorder 2.0 allows attackers to authenticate into the service using any combination of username and password.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-45583"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-12T21:15:33Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Incorrect access control in the FTP protocol of Audi UTR 2.0 Universal Traffic Recorder 2.0 allows attackers to authenticate into the service using any combination of username and password.",
"id": "GHSA-6m89-rp82-wcgj",
"modified": "2025-09-15T18:31:06Z",
"published": "2025-09-12T21:32:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-45583"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://2barbie.notion.site/2024-Audi-UTR-2-0-Report-1bff0be688c680cb8795efe78732f8b9"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6M9Q-XX8F-3W42
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:36 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:36An Improper Authentication issue was discovered in Newport XPS-Cx and XPS-Qx. An attacker may bypass authentication by accessing a specific uniform resource locator (URL).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-7919"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-07-03T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An Improper Authentication issue was discovered in Newport XPS-Cx and XPS-Qx. An attacker may bypass authentication by accessing a specific uniform resource locator (URL).",
"id": "GHSA-6m9q-xx8f-3w42",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:36:14Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:36:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-7919"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-17-178-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/99291"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6MF2-2736-W39M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-17 09:31 – Updated: 2024-05-17 09:31Improper Authentication vulnerability in smp7, wp.Insider Simple Membership.This issue affects Simple Membership: from n/a through 4.3.4.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-41956"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-17T07:16:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Improper Authentication vulnerability in smp7, wp.Insider Simple Membership.This issue affects Simple Membership: from n/a through 4.3.4.",
"id": "GHSA-6mf2-2736-w39m",
"modified": "2024-05-17T09:31:00Z",
"published": "2024-05-17T09:31:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-41956"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/simple-membership/wordpress-simple-membership-plugin-4-3-4-authenticated-account-takeover-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6MFM-98WV-32WM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-11 09:31 – Updated: 2026-06-11 09:31X509AuthenticationProvider could issue a fully authenticated X509AuthenticationToken when a presented certificate mapped to UserDetails, without applying Spring Security's standard account lifecycle checks (disabled, locked, expired, or credentials-expired accounts).
Affected versions: Spring Web Services 5.0.0 through 5.0.1; 4.1.0 through 4.1.3; 4.0.0 through 4.0.18; 3.1.0 through 3.1.8.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-40995"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-11T07:16:27Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "X509AuthenticationProvider could issue a fully authenticated X509AuthenticationToken when a presented certificate mapped to UserDetails, without applying Spring Security\u0027s standard account lifecycle checks (disabled, locked, expired, or credentials-expired accounts).\n\nAffected versions:\nSpring Web Services 5.0.0 through 5.0.1; 4.1.0 through 4.1.3; 4.0.0 through 4.0.18; 3.1.0 through 3.1.8.",
"id": "GHSA-6mfm-98wv-32wm",
"modified": "2026-06-11T09:31:56Z",
"published": "2026-06-11T09:31:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40995"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://spring.io/security/cve-2026-40995"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6MG8-HG8J-X5MP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-11-14 18:30 – Updated: 2023-11-14 18:30Memory Corruption in Core due to secure memory access by user while loading modem image.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-24852"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-11-07T06:15:08Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Memory Corruption in Core due to secure memory access by user while loading modem image.",
"id": "GHSA-6mg8-hg8j-x5mp",
"modified": "2023-11-14T18:30:25Z",
"published": "2023-11-14T18:30:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-24852"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.qualcomm.com/company/product-security/bulletins/november-2023-bulletin"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6MGC-769F-WWGG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 03:21 – Updated: 2022-05-02 03:21Bloginator 1A allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and gain administrative access by setting the identifyYourself cookie.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2009-1050"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2009-03-24T14:30:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Bloginator 1A allows remote attackers to bypass authentication and gain administrative access by setting the identifyYourself cookie.",
"id": "GHSA-6mgc-769f-wwgg",
"modified": "2022-05-02T03:21:11Z",
"published": "2022-05-02T03:21:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-1050"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/49324"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/8243"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://osvdb.org/52838"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/34395"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/34187"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-6MQC-JQH6-X8FC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-26 18:59 – Updated: 2026-04-10 20:19Summary
Before v2026.3.23, Canvas and A2UI loopback requests could bypass Canvas bearer-or-capability authentication because authorizeCanvasRequest(...) treated isLocalDirectRequest(...) as an unconditional allow path.
Affected Packages / Versions
- Package:
openclaw(npm) - Affected:
< 2026.3.23 - Fixed:
>= 2026.3.23 - Latest released tag checked:
v2026.3.23-2(630f1479c44f78484dfa21bb407cbe6f171dac87) - Latest published npm version checked:
2026.3.23-2
Root Cause
The vulnerable logic lived in src/gateway/server/http-auth.ts. authorizeCanvasRequest(...) returned { ok: true } for local-direct requests before checking bearer authentication or an active node canvas capability, which meant unauthenticated loopback Canvas HTTP and WebSocket requests could succeed.
Fix Commit(s)
d5dc6b6573ae489bc7e5651090f4767b93537c9e—fix(gateway): require auth for canvas routes
Release Status
The fix commit is contained in released tags v2026.3.23 and v2026.3.23-2. The latest shipped tag and npm release both include the fix.
Code-Level Confirmation
src/gateway/server/http-auth.tsno longer contains the local-direct early return inauthorizeCanvasRequest(...).src/gateway/server.canvas-auth.test.tsadds the regression testdenies canvas HTTP/WS on loopback without bearer or capability by default.
Thanks @smaeljaish771 for reporting.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "openclaw"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2026.3.23"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-35634"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-26T18:59:00Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "## Summary\nBefore `v2026.3.23`, Canvas and A2UI loopback requests could bypass Canvas bearer-or-capability authentication because `authorizeCanvasRequest(...)` treated `isLocalDirectRequest(...)` as an unconditional allow path.\n\n## Affected Packages / Versions\n- Package: `openclaw` (npm)\n- Affected: `\u003c 2026.3.23`\n- Fixed: `\u003e= 2026.3.23`\n- Latest released tag checked: `v2026.3.23-2` (`630f1479c44f78484dfa21bb407cbe6f171dac87`)\n- Latest published npm version checked: `2026.3.23-2`\n\n## Root Cause\nThe vulnerable logic lived in `src/gateway/server/http-auth.ts`. `authorizeCanvasRequest(...)` returned `{ ok: true }` for local-direct requests before checking bearer authentication or an active node canvas capability, which meant unauthenticated loopback Canvas HTTP and WebSocket requests could succeed.\n\n## Fix Commit(s)\n- `d5dc6b6573ae489bc7e5651090f4767b93537c9e` \u2014 `fix(gateway): require auth for canvas routes`\n\n## Release Status\nThe fix commit is contained in released tags `v2026.3.23` and `v2026.3.23-2`. The latest shipped tag and npm release both include the fix.\n\n## Code-Level Confirmation\n- `src/gateway/server/http-auth.ts` no longer contains the local-direct early return in `authorizeCanvasRequest(...)`.\n- `src/gateway/server.canvas-auth.test.ts` adds the regression test `denies canvas HTTP/WS on loopback without bearer or capability by default`.\n\nThanks @smaeljaish771 for reporting.",
"id": "GHSA-6mqc-jqh6-x8fc",
"modified": "2026-04-10T20:19:48Z",
"published": "2026-03-26T18:59:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-6mqc-jqh6-x8fc"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-35634"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/630f1479c44f78484dfa21bb407cbe6f171dac87"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/d5dc6b6573ae489bc7e5651090f4767b93537c9e"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-authentication-bypass-via-local-direct-requests-in-canvas-gateway"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "OpenClaw: Gateway Canvas local-direct requests bypass Canvas HTTP and WebSocket authentication"
}
GHSA-6MV3-P2GR-WGQF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:03 – Updated: 2025-04-13 23:14The V3 API in OpenStack Identity (Keystone) 2013.1 before 2013.2.4 and icehouse before icehouse-rc2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption) via a large number of the same authentication method in a request, aka "authentication chaining."
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "keystone"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "8.0.0a0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2014-2828"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-05-14T21:00:14Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2014-04-15T14:55:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The V3 API in OpenStack Identity (Keystone) 2013.1 before 2013.2.4 and icehouse before icehouse-rc2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption) via a large number of the same authentication method in a request, aka \"authentication chaining.\"",
"id": "GHSA-6mv3-p2gr-wgqf",
"modified": "2025-04-13T23:14:20Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T04:03:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-2828"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openstack/keystone/commit/ce6cedb30c5c4b4cf4db9380f09443de22414b39"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openstack/keystone/commit/e364ba5b12de8e4c11bd80bcca903f9615dcfc2e"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openstack/keystone/commit/ef868ad92c00e23a4a5e9eb71e3e0bf5ae2fff0c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.launchpad.net/keystone/+bug/1300274"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/openstack/keystone"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/keystone/PYSEC-2014-106.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2014-1688.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2014/04/10/20"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "OpenStack Identity (Keystone) DoS through V3 API authentication chaining"
}
GHSA-6P3P-H3VC-6RH5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-14 18:30 – Updated: 2026-04-14 18:30A improper authentication vulnerability in Fortinet FortiSOAR PaaS 7.6.0 through 7.6.3, FortiSOAR PaaS 7.5.0 through 7.5.2, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.6.0 through 7.6.3, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.5.0 through 7.5.2 may allow an unauthenticated attacker to bypass authentication via replaying captured 2FA request. The attack requires being able to intercept and decrypt authentication traffic and precise timing to replay the request before token expiration, which raises the attack complexity.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-23708"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287",
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-14T16:16:37Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A improper authentication vulnerability in Fortinet FortiSOAR PaaS 7.6.0 through 7.6.3, FortiSOAR PaaS 7.5.0 through 7.5.2, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.6.0 through 7.6.3, FortiSOAR on-premise 7.5.0 through 7.5.2 may allow an unauthenticated attacker to bypass authentication via replaying captured 2FA request. The attack requires being able to intercept and decrypt authentication traffic and precise timing to replay the request before token expiration, which raises the attack complexity.",
"id": "GHSA-6p3p-h3vc-6rh5",
"modified": "2026-04-14T18:30:35Z",
"published": "2026-04-14T18:30:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-23708"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-26-101"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6P47-2PGH-WJ76
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-08 12:34 – Updated: 2025-05-14 12:31Improper Authentication vulnerability in Danfoss AKSM8xxA Series.This issue affects Danfoss AK-SM 8xxA Series prior to version 4.2
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-41450"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287",
"CWE-305"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-08T10:15:18Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Improper Authentication vulnerability in Danfoss AKSM8xxA Series.This issue affects Danfoss AK-SM 8xxA Series prior to version 4.2",
"id": "GHSA-6p47-2pgh-wj76",
"modified": "2025-05-14T12:31:11Z",
"published": "2025-05-08T12:34:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-41450"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sm800a.danfoss.com/sw_shared/SM800A-4.2.4.spk"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.danfoss.com/en/service-and-support/coordinated-vulnerability-disclosure/danfoss-security-advisories/dsa-2025-03-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.
CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse
An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.
CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass
An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.
CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing
Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.
CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data
An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.
CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client
An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.
CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data
This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.
CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking
This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.
CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.
CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server
By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.
CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)
An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.