CWE-287
DiscouragedImproper Authentication
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.
6040 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-FVCJ-HVFW-7F2V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-03-08 15:49 – Updated: 2024-01-02 15:05Impact
A maliciously crafted claim may be incorrectly authenticated by the bot. Impacts bots that are not configured to be used as a Skill. This vulnerability requires an attacker to have internal knowledge of the bot.
Patches
The problem has been patched in all affected versions. Please see the list of patched versions for the most appropriate one for your individual case.
Workarounds
Users who do not wish or are not able to upgrade can add an authentication configuration containing ClaimsValidator, which throws an exception if the Claims are Skill Claims.
For detailed instructions, see the link in the References section.
For more information
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory: * Open an issue in Microsoft Bot Builder SDK * Email us at bf-reports@microsoft.com
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "botframework-connector"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.7.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.7.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "botframework-connector"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.8.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.8.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
],
"versions": [
"4.8.0"
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "botframework-connector"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.9.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.9.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "botframework-connector"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.10.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.10.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-1725"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-200",
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-03-08T15:47:09Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-01-12T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\nA maliciously crafted claim may be incorrectly authenticated by the bot. Impacts bots that are not configured to be used as a Skill. This vulnerability requires an attacker to have internal knowledge of the bot.\n\n### Patches\nThe problem has been patched in all affected versions. Please see the list of patched versions for the most appropriate one for your individual case.\n\n### Workarounds\nUsers who do not wish or are not able to upgrade can add an authentication configuration containing ClaimsValidator, which throws an exception if the Claims are Skill Claims.\n\nFor detailed instructions, see the link in the References section.\n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n* Open an issue in [Microsoft Bot Builder SDK](https://github.com/microsoft/botbuilder-dotnet)\n* Email us at [bf-reports@microsoft.com](mailto:bf-reports@microsoft.com)",
"id": "GHSA-fvcj-hvfw-7f2v",
"modified": "2024-01-02T15:05:56Z",
"published": "2021-03-08T15:49:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/microsoft/botbuilder-js/security/advisories/GHSA-fvcj-hvfw-7f2v"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1725"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://aka.ms/SkillClaimsValidationJavascript"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/microsoft/botbuilder-js"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2021-1725"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.npmjs.com/package/botframework-connector"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "botframework-connector vulnerable to Improper Authentication"
}
GHSA-FVF3-V835-PWVX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:29 – Updated: 2022-05-17 03:29The Openfire server in Cisco Finesse Desktop 10.5(1) and 11.0(1) and Unified Contact Center Express 10.6(1) has a hardcoded account, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain access via an XMPP session, aka Bug ID CSCuw79085.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-1307"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2016-02-07T11:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Openfire server in Cisco Finesse Desktop 10.5(1) and 11.0(1) and Unified Contact Center Express 10.6(1) has a hardcoded account, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain access via an XMPP session, aka Bug ID CSCuw79085.",
"id": "GHSA-fvf3-v835-pwvx",
"modified": "2022-05-17T03:29:29Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T03:29:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-1307"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20160202-fducce"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1034920"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1034921"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FVG7-P9R8-PCRJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:01 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:01The implementations of EAP-PWD in hostapd EAP Server and wpa_supplicant EAP Peer do not validate the scalar and element values in EAP-pwd-Commit. This vulnerability may allow an attacker to complete EAP-PWD authentication without knowing the password. However, unless the crypto library does not implement additional checks for the EC point, the attacker will not be able to derive the session key or complete the key exchange. Both hostapd with SAE support and wpa_supplicant with SAE support prior to and including version 2.4 are affected. Both hostapd with EAP-pwd support and wpa_supplicant with EAP-pwd support prior to and including version 2.7 are affected.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-9497"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-04-17T14:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The implementations of EAP-PWD in hostapd EAP Server and wpa_supplicant EAP Peer do not validate the scalar and element values in EAP-pwd-Commit. This vulnerability may allow an attacker to complete EAP-PWD authentication without knowing the password. However, unless the crypto library does not implement additional checks for the EC point, the attacker will not be able to derive the session key or complete the key exchange. Both hostapd with SAE support and wpa_supplicant with SAE support prior to and including version 2.4 are affected. Both hostapd with EAP-pwd support and wpa_supplicant with EAP-pwd support prior to and including version 2.7 are affected.",
"id": "GHSA-fvg7-p9r8-pcrj",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:01:38Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:01:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-9497"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/07/msg00030.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/56OBBOJJSKRTDGEXZOVFSTP4HDSDBLAE"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/SVMJOFEYBGXZLFF5IOLW67SSOPKFEJP3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/TDOZGR3T7FVO5JSZWK2QPR7AOFIEJTIZ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2019/May/40"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.FreeBSD.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-19:03.wpa.asc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://w1.fi/security/2019-4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.synology.com/security/advisory/Synology_SA_19_16"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-02/msg00021.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/152914/FreeBSD-Security-Advisory-FreeBSD-SA-19-03.wpa.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FVH3-4V5R-CVVC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 18:35 – Updated: 2022-06-08 22:32Mortbay Jetty before 6.1.6rc1 does not properly handle "certain quote sequences" in HTML cookie parameters, which allows remote attackers to hijack browser sessions via unspecified vectors.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.mortbay.jetty:jetty"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "6.1.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2007-5614"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-06-08T22:32:50Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2007-12-05T11:46:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Mortbay Jetty before 6.1.6rc1 does not properly handle \"certain quote sequences\" in HTML cookie parameters, which allows remote attackers to hijack browser sessions via unspecified vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-fvh3-4v5r-cvvc",
"modified": "2022-06-08T22:32:50Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T18:35:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2007-5614"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/eclipse/jetty.project"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.eclipse.org/jetty/about.php"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-package-announce/2008-July/msg00227.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-package-announce/2008-July/msg00250.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/438616"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Improper Authentication in Mortbay Jetty"
}
GHSA-FVJV-MMHF-VP4G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-12 00:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:36An issue in StrangeBee TheHive v.5.0.8, v.4.1.21 and Cortex v.3.1.6 allows a remote attacker to gain privileges via Active Directory authentication mechanism.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-39069"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-09-11T23:15:07Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue in StrangeBee TheHive v.5.0.8, v.4.1.21 and Cortex v.3.1.6 allows a remote attacker to gain privileges via Active Directory authentication mechanism.",
"id": "GHSA-fvjv-mmhf-vp4g",
"modified": "2024-04-04T07:36:56Z",
"published": "2023-09-12T00:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-39069"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/StrangeBeeCorp/Security/blob/main/Security%20advisories/SB-SEC-ADV-2022-001%3A%20Authentication%20bypass%20due%20to%20incomplete%20checks%20in%20the%20Active%20Directory%20authentication%20module.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FVQ3-8FQQ-2CVH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-08 03:30 – Updated: 2023-12-13 18:30An authentication bypass in Zultys MX-SE, MX-SE II, MX-E, MX-Virtual, MX250, and MX30 with firmware versions prior to 17.0.10 patch 17161 and 16.04 patch 16109 allows an unauthenticated attacker to obtain an administrative session via a protection mechanism failure in the authentication function. In normal operation, the Zultys MX Administrator Windows client connects to port 7505 and attempts authentication, submitting the administrator username and password to the server. Upon authentication failure, the server sends a login failure message prompting the client to disconnect. However, if the client ignores the failure message instead and attempts to continue, the server does not forcibly close the connection and processes all subsequent requests from the client as if authentication had been successful.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-43742"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-12-08T01:15:07Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An authentication bypass in Zultys MX-SE, MX-SE II, MX-E, MX-Virtual, MX250, and MX30 with firmware versions prior to 17.0.10 patch 17161 and 16.04 patch 16109 allows an unauthenticated attacker to obtain an administrative session via a protection mechanism failure in the authentication function. In normal operation, the Zultys MX Administrator Windows client connects to port 7505 and attempts authentication, submitting the administrator username and password to the server. Upon authentication failure, the server sends a login failure message prompting the client to disconnect. However, if the client ignores the failure message instead and attempts to continue, the server does not forcibly close the connection and processes all subsequent requests from the client as if authentication had been successful.",
"id": "GHSA-fvq3-8fqq-2cvh",
"modified": "2023-12-13T18:30:59Z",
"published": "2023-12-08T03:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-43742"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/atredispartners/advisories/blob/master/ATREDIS-2023-0002.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FVQ7-VJ2H-WMM9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-26 13:30 – Updated: 2026-05-26 13:30A vulnerability has been found in JeecgBoot 3.9.1. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /openapi/call/ of the component OpenAPI Endpoint. Such manipulation leads to improper authentication. The attack can be executed remotely. A high complexity level is associated with this attack. The exploitability is assessed as difficult. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-9373"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-24T11:16:34Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been found in JeecgBoot 3.9.1. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /openapi/call/ of the component OpenAPI Endpoint. Such manipulation leads to improper authentication. The attack can be executed remotely. A high complexity level is associated with this attack. The exploitability is assessed as difficult. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-fvq7-vj2h-wmm9",
"modified": "2026-05-26T13:30:32Z",
"published": "2026-05-26T13:30:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-9373"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/813251"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/365337"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/365337/cti"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-FVVM-X83V-FC5R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:22 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:22ikiwiki before 3.20161229 incorrectly called the CGI::FormBuilder->field method (similar to the CGI->param API that led to Bugzilla's CVE-2014-1572), which can be abused to lead to commit metadata forgery.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-9646"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-04-13T15:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "ikiwiki before 3.20161229 incorrectly called the CGI::FormBuilder-\u003efield method (similar to the CGI-\u003eparam API that led to Bugzilla\u0027s CVE-2014-1572), which can be abused to lead to commit metadata forgery.",
"id": "GHSA-fvvm-x83v-fc5r",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:22:31Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:22:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-9646"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ikiwiki.info/security/#cve-2016-9646"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://marc.info/?l=oss-security\u0026m=148304341511854\u0026w=2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2016-9646"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3760"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FVX7-8XJX-G78F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 05:48 – Updated: 2022-05-17 05:48Session fixation vulnerability in the Workplace (aka WP) component in IBM FileNet P8 Application Engine (P8AE) 4.0.2.x before 4.0.2.7-P8AE-FP007 allows remote attackers to hijack web sessions via unspecified vectors.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2010-3471"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2010-09-20T22:00:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Session fixation vulnerability in the Workplace (aka WP) component in IBM FileNet P8 Application Engine (P8AE) 4.0.2.x before 4.0.2.7-P8AE-FP007 allows remote attackers to hijack web sessions via unspecified vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-fvx7-8xjx-g78f",
"modified": "2022-05-17T05:48:24Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T05:48:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-3471"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://download2.boulder.ibm.com/sar/CMA/IMA/00y3y/0/readme-4027-P8AE-FP007.htm"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/41460"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg1PJ37346"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/43271"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-FVXF-R9FW-49PC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-17 21:44 – Updated: 2022-09-01 20:10A vulnerability was discovered in the OPC UA .NET Standard Stack that - allows a malicious client or server to bypass the application authentication mechanism - and allow a connection to an untrusted peer.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.4.368.53"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "OPCFoundation.NetStandard.Opc.Ua.Core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.4.368.58"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-29865"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-06-17T21:44:39Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-06-16T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was discovered in the OPC UA .NET Standard Stack that\n- allows a malicious client or server to bypass the application authentication mechanism\n- and allow a connection to an untrusted peer.",
"id": "GHSA-fvxf-r9fw-49pc",
"modified": "2022-09-01T20:10:12Z",
"published": "2022-06-17T21:44:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/security/advisories/GHSA-fvxf-r9fw-49pc"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-29865"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://files.opcfoundation.org/SecurityBulletins/OPC%20Foundation%20Security%20Bulletin%20CVE-2022-29865.pdf"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://opcfoundation.org/security"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Incorrect Implementation of Authentication Algorithm in OPCFoundation.NetStandard.Opc.Ua.Core"
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.
CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse
An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.
CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass
An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.
CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing
Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.
CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data
An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.
CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client
An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.
CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data
This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.
CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking
This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.
CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.
CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server
By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.
CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)
An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.