CWE-287
DiscouragedImproper Authentication
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.
6040 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-MVV4-FJQ9-C9H3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:37 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:37An Improper Authentication issue was discovered in iniNet Solutions iniNet Webserver, all versions prior to V2.02.0100. The webserver does not properly authenticate users, which may allow a malicious attacker to access sensitive information such as HMI pages or modify PLC variables.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-13995"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-10-05T01:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An Improper Authentication issue was discovered in iniNet Solutions iniNet Webserver, all versions prior to V2.02.0100. The webserver does not properly authenticate users, which may allow a malicious attacker to access sensitive information such as HMI pages or modify PLC variables.",
"id": "GHSA-mvv4-fjq9-c9h3",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:37:42Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:37:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-13995"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSA-17-264-04"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/100951"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MVW4-RRM9-FQFC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-10 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-03 00:00The impact of this vulnerability is that Arista's EOS eAPI may skip re-evaluating user credentials when certificate based authentication is used, which allows remote attackers to access the device via eAPI.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-28503"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-02-04T23:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The impact of this vulnerability is that Arista\u0027s EOS eAPI may skip re-evaluating user credentials when certificate based authentication is used, which allows remote attackers to access the device via eAPI.",
"id": "GHSA-mvw4-rrm9-fqfc",
"modified": "2022-08-03T00:00:56Z",
"published": "2022-02-10T00:00:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-28503"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.arista.com/en/support/advisories-notices/security-advisories/13605-security-advisory-0072"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MVXP-3J62-JQR6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:36 – Updated: 2023-07-31 22:13It was found that the REST API in Infinispan before version 9.0.0 did not properly enforce auth constraints. An attacker could use this vulnerability to read or modify data in the default cache or a known cache name.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.infinispan:infinispan-server-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "9.0.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-2638"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-07-31T22:13:08Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2018-07-16T13:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "It was found that the REST API in Infinispan before version 9.0.0 did not properly enforce auth constraints. An attacker could use this vulnerability to read or modify data in the default cache or a known cache name.",
"id": "GHSA-mvxp-3j62-jqr6",
"modified": "2023-07-31T22:13:08Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:36:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-2638"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/infinispan/infinispan/pull/4936"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2017-2638"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.jboss.org/browse/ISPN-7485"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2017-1097.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/97964"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Infinispan Rest API Does Not Enforce Auth Constraints"
}
GHSA-MW4G-R9W4-RCR5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:46 – Updated: 2022-05-17 04:46The ios-authproxy implementation in Cisco IOS before 15.1(1)SY3 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (webauth and HTTP service outage) via vectors that trigger incorrectly terminated HTTP sessions, aka Bug ID CSCtz99447.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2012-4658"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2014-04-23T11:52:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The ios-authproxy implementation in Cisco IOS before 15.1(1)SY3 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (webauth and HTTP service outage) via vectors that trigger incorrectly terminated HTTP sessions, aka Bug ID CSCtz99447.",
"id": "GHSA-mw4g-r9w4-rcr5",
"modified": "2022-05-17T04:46:04Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T04:46:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-4658"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/switches/lan/catalyst6500/ios/15-1SY/release_notes.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-MW66-7G34-8744
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:38 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:38Code generated by PHP FormMail Generator may allow a remote unauthenticated user to bypass authentication in the to access the administrator panel by navigating directly to /admin.php?mod=admin&func=panel
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-9482"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-07-13T20:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Code generated by PHP FormMail Generator may allow a remote unauthenticated user to bypass authentication in the to access the administrator panel by navigating directly to /admin.php?mod=admin\u0026func=panel",
"id": "GHSA-mw66-7g34-8744",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:38:32Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:38:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-9482"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/494015"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/94778"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MWF4-9868-MHGC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-22 00:32 – Updated: 2026-07-22 00:32Vulnerability in the Oracle Commerce Guided Search / Oracle Commerce Experience Manager product of Oracle Commerce (component: Forge). The supported version that is affected is 11.4.0. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Commerce Guided Search / Oracle Commerce Experience Manager. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Commerce Guided Search / Oracle Commerce Experience Manager. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.1 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-61163"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-21T22:18:47Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle Commerce Guided Search / Oracle Commerce Experience Manager product of Oracle Commerce (component: Forge). The supported version that is affected is 11.4.0. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Commerce Guided Search / Oracle Commerce Experience Manager. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Commerce Guided Search / Oracle Commerce Experience Manager. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.1 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-mwf4-9868-mhgc",
"modified": "2026-07-22T00:32:20Z",
"published": "2026-07-22T00:32:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-61163"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MWJC-5J4X-R686
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-20 21:55 – Updated: 2026-03-25 14:32Summary
The API plugin exposes a decryptString action without any authentication. Anyone can submit ciphertext and receive plaintext. Ciphertext is issued publicly (e.g., view/url2Embed.json.php), so any user can recover protected tokens/metadata. Severity: High.
Details
- Entry:
plugin/API/get.json.phpis unauthenticated. - Handler:
plugin/API/API.phpget_api_decryptString()(lines ~5945–5966):php $string = decryptString($_REQUEST['string']); return new ApiObject($string, empty($string));No APISecret or user check occurs before decrypting. - Public ciphertext source:
view/url2Embed.json.phpreturnsplayLink/playEmbedLink(encryptString(json_encode(...))) to any caller.
PoC
- Obtain ciphertext:
GET /view/url2Embed.json.php?url=https://example.com/video.mp4CopyplayLink. - Decrypt without auth: ``` POST /plugin/API/get.json.php?APIName=decryptString Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
string= ``` Response contains the plaintext JSON (videoLink, title, users_id, etc.).
Impact
- Any encrypted payload produced by the platform can be decrypted by anyone.
- Leaks tokens/links intended to be confidential; enables replay and tampering where secrecy was assumed.
Mitigation
- Require API secret or authenticated/authorized user for
decryptString, or remove the endpoint. - Prefer one-way signatures (HMAC) instead of exposing generic decryption.
- Rotate encryption keys/salts after patch to invalidate exposed ciphertexts.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "wwbn/avideo"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "26.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-33512"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287",
"CWE-312",
"CWE-326",
"CWE-327"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-20T21:55:12Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-23T19:16:40Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Summary\nThe API plugin exposes a `decryptString` action without any authentication. Anyone can submit ciphertext and receive plaintext. Ciphertext is issued publicly (e.g., `view/url2Embed.json.php`), so any user can recover protected tokens/metadata. Severity: High.\n\n### Details\n- Entry: `plugin/API/get.json.php` is unauthenticated.\n- Handler: `plugin/API/API.php` `get_api_decryptString()` (lines ~5945\u20135966):\n ```php\n $string = decryptString($_REQUEST[\u0027string\u0027]);\n return new ApiObject($string, empty($string));\n ```\n No APISecret or user check occurs before decrypting.\n- Public ciphertext source: `view/url2Embed.json.php` returns `playLink`/`playEmbedLink` (`encryptString(json_encode(...))`) to any caller.\n\n### PoC\n1. Obtain ciphertext:\n ```\n GET /view/url2Embed.json.php?url=https://example.com/video.mp4\n ```\n Copy `playLink`.\n2. Decrypt without auth:\n ```\n POST /plugin/API/get.json.php?APIName=decryptString\n Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\n\n string=\u003cplayLink ciphertext\u003e\n ```\n Response contains the plaintext JSON (videoLink, title, users_id, etc.).\n\n### Impact\n- Any encrypted payload produced by the platform can be decrypted by anyone.\n- Leaks tokens/links intended to be confidential; enables replay and tampering where secrecy was assumed.\n\n### Mitigation\n- Require API secret or authenticated/authorized user for `decryptString`, or remove the endpoint.\n- Prefer one-way signatures (HMAC) instead of exposing generic decryption.\n- Rotate encryption keys/salts after patch to invalidate exposed ciphertexts.",
"id": "GHSA-mwjc-5j4x-r686",
"modified": "2026-03-25T14:32:36Z",
"published": "2026-03-20T21:55:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/WWBN/AVideo/security/advisories/GHSA-mwjc-5j4x-r686"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33512"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/WWBN/AVideo/commit/3fdeecef37bb88967a02ccc9b9acc8da95de1c13"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/WWBN/AVideo"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "AVideo has an unauthenticated decrypt oracle leaking any ciphertext"
}
GHSA-MWJC-VMMG-J6VM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:33 – Updated: 2022-09-28 00:00A wrong configuration in Nextcloud Server 19.0.1 incorrectly made the user feel the passwordless WebAuthn is also a two factor verification by asking for the PIN of the passwordless WebAuthn but not verifying it.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-8236"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-11-02T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A wrong configuration in Nextcloud Server 19.0.1 incorrectly made the user feel the passwordless WebAuthn is also a two factor verification by asking for the PIN of the passwordless WebAuthn but not verifying it.",
"id": "GHSA-mwjc-vmmg-j6vm",
"modified": "2022-09-28T00:00:23Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:33:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-8236"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/924393"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://nextcloud.com/security/advisory/?id=NC-SA-2020-037"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MWP3-45P3-XQ9X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-04 21:31 – Updated: 2024-10-17 15:31Improper Authentication vulnerability in Microchip TimeProvider 4100 (login modules) allows Session Hijacking.This issue affects TimeProvider 4100: from 1.0 before 2.4.7.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-43685"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287",
"CWE-613"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-04T20:15:06Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Improper Authentication vulnerability in Microchip TimeProvider 4100 (login modules) allows Session Hijacking.This issue affects TimeProvider 4100: from 1.0 before 2.4.7.",
"id": "GHSA-mwp3-45p3-xq9x",
"modified": "2024-10-17T15:31:08Z",
"published": "2024-10-04T21:31:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-43685"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.gruppotim.it/it/footer/red-team.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.microchip.com/en-us/solutions/technologies/embedded-security/how-to-report-potential-product-security-vulnerabilities/timeprovider-4100-grandmaster-session-token-fixation"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:U/V:C/RE:M/U:Amber",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-MWX5-864V-X3JC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-13 12:00 – Updated: 2022-10-15 12:01An issue was discovered in Dropbear through 2020.81. Due to a non-RFC-compliant check of the available authentication methods in the client-side SSH code, it is possible for an SSH server to change the login process in its favor. This attack can bypass additional security measures such as FIDO2 tokens or SSH-Askpass. Thus, it allows an attacker to abuse a forwarded agent for logging on to another server unnoticed.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-36369"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-12T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Dropbear through 2020.81. Due to a non-RFC-compliant check of the available authentication methods in the client-side SSH code, it is possible for an SSH server to change the login process in its favor. This attack can bypass additional security measures such as FIDO2 tokens or SSH-Askpass. Thus, it allows an attacker to abuse a forwarded agent for logging on to another server unnoticed.",
"id": "GHSA-mwx5-864v-x3jc",
"modified": "2022-10-15T12:01:07Z",
"published": "2022-10-13T12:00:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-36369"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/mkj/dropbear/pull/128"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/mkj/dropbear/releases"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/mkj/dropbear/releases/tag/DROPBEAR_2022.82"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/11/msg00015.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.
CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse
An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.
CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass
An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.
CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing
Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.
CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data
An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.
CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client
An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.
CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data
This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.
CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking
This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.
CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.
CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server
By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.
CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)
An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.