CWE-287
DiscouragedImproper Authentication
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.
5966 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-VVPQ-HR9Q-GGWJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-06 09:31 – Updated: 2025-05-06 09:31Bypass vulnerability in the network search instruction authentication module Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability can bypass authentication and enable access to some network search functions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-46590"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-06T08:15:17Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Bypass vulnerability in the network search instruction authentication module\nImpact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability can bypass authentication and enable access to some network search functions.",
"id": "GHSA-vvpq-hr9q-ggwj",
"modified": "2025-05-06T09:31:32Z",
"published": "2025-05-06T09:31:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-46590"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2025/5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VVQ4-J9GG-65QG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:19 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:19IBM DataPower Gateway 7.5.0.0 through 7.5.0.19, 7.5.1.0 through 7.5.1.18, 7.5.2.0 through 7.5.2.18, and 7.6.0.0 through 7.6.0.11 appliances allows "null" logins which could give read access to IPMI data to obtain sensitive information. IBM X-Force ID: 144894.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-1668"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-01-29T16:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "IBM DataPower Gateway 7.5.0.0 through 7.5.0.19, 7.5.1.0 through 7.5.1.18, 7.5.2.0 through 7.5.2.18, and 7.6.0.0 through 7.6.0.11 appliances allows \"null\" logins which could give read access to IPMI data to obtain sensitive information. IBM X-Force ID: 144894.",
"id": "GHSA-vvq4-j9gg-65qg",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:19:17Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:19:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-1668"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/144894"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=ibm10794735"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VVR6-JFRG-G7CR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-03-31 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-06 00:01A vulnerability in the authentication logic of Wyze Cam Pan v2, Cam v2, Cam v3 allows an attacker to bypass login and control the devices. This issue affects: Wyze Cam Pan v2 versions prior to 4.49.1.47. Wyze Cam v2 versions prior to 4.9.8.1002. Wyze Cam v3 versions prior to 4.36.8.32.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-9564"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-03-30T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the authentication logic of Wyze Cam Pan v2, Cam v2, Cam v3 allows an attacker to bypass login and control the devices.\nThis issue affects:\nWyze Cam Pan v2\nversions prior to 4.49.1.47.\nWyze Cam v2\nversions prior to 4.9.8.1002.\nWyze Cam v3\nversions prior to 4.36.8.32.",
"id": "GHSA-vvr6-jfrg-g7cr",
"modified": "2022-04-06T00:01:47Z",
"published": "2022-03-31T00:00:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-9564"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.bitdefender.com/blog/labs/vulnerabilities-identified-in-wyze-cam-iot-device"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VVWR-2PC3-326Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-26 13:30 – Updated: 2026-05-26 13:30A security vulnerability has been detected in Besen BS20 EV Charging Station up to 20260426. This affects an unknown part of the component BLE/WiFi. Such manipulation leads to authentication bypass by capture-replay. The attack must be carried out from within the local network. Attacks of this nature are highly complex. It is indicated that the exploitability is difficult. The original disclosure mentions, that "[t]hese vulnerabilities have been reported to Besen and we have received their acknowlegement that they are reviewing this as of April 2026."
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-9398"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-24T21:16:32Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "A security vulnerability has been detected in Besen BS20 EV Charging Station up to 20260426. This affects an unknown part of the component BLE/WiFi. Such manipulation leads to authentication bypass by capture-replay. The attack must be carried out from within the local network. Attacks of this nature are highly complex. It is indicated that the exploitability is difficult. The original disclosure mentions, that \"[t]hese vulnerabilities have been reported to Besen and we have received their acknowlegement that they are reviewing this as of April 2026.\"",
"id": "GHSA-vvwr-2pc3-326q",
"modified": "2026-05-26T13:30:35Z",
"published": "2026-05-26T13:30:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-9398"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/carfeii/besen#finding-5-unauthorized-tampering-of-charger-commands"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/813577"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/365379"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/365379/cti"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-VW28-3J9W-9MCH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-05 03:30 – Updated: 2023-12-05 03:30Improper Authentication vulnerability in Samsung Pass prior to version 4.3.00.17 allows physical attackers to bypass authentication due to invalid exception handler.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-42576"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-12-05T03:15:18Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Improper Authentication vulnerability in Samsung Pass prior to version 4.3.00.17 allows physical attackers to bypass authentication due to invalid exception handler.",
"id": "GHSA-vw28-3j9w-9mch",
"modified": "2023-12-05T03:30:23Z",
"published": "2023-12-05T03:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-42576"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.samsungmobile.com/serviceWeb.smsb?year=2023\u0026month=12"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VW2V-XPW7-PMF5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:52 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:27cPanel before 55.9999.141 allows attackers to bypass Two Factor Authentication via DNS clustering requests (SEC-93).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-10826"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-08-01T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "cPanel before 55.9999.141 allows attackers to bypass Two Factor Authentication via DNS clustering requests (SEC-93).",
"id": "GHSA-vw2v-xpw7-pmf5",
"modified": "2024-04-04T01:27:42Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:52:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-10826"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://documentation.cpanel.net/display/CL/56+Change+Log"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://news.cpanel.com/cpanel-tsr-2016-0002-full-disclosure"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VW8H-GWV6-W94M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:41 – Updated: 2023-08-08 15:31Insufficient policy enforcement in extensions in Google Chrome prior to 88.0.4324.96 allowed a remote attacker to bypass site isolation via a crafted Chrome Extension.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-21126"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-09T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Insufficient policy enforcement in extensions in Google Chrome prior to 88.0.4324.96 allowed a remote attacker to bypass site isolation via a crafted Chrome Extension.",
"id": "GHSA-vw8h-gwv6-w94m",
"modified": "2023-08-08T15:31:16Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:41:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21126"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2021/01/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_19.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://crbug.com/1108126"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2021-21126"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VW9V-5H73-96PW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-10 15:30 – Updated: 2024-01-10 15:30The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to access sensitive data inside exported packages or obtain up to Remote Code Execution (RCE) with root privileges on the device. The vulnerability can be exploited directly by authenticated users, via crafted HTTP requests, or indirectly by unauthenticated users, by accessing already-exported backup packages, or crafting an import package and inducing an authenticated victim into sending the HTTP upload request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-48257"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1391",
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-10T13:15:46Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The vulnerability allows a remote attacker to access sensitive data inside exported packages or obtain up to Remote Code Execution (RCE) with root privileges on the device. The vulnerability can be exploited directly by authenticated users, via crafted HTTP requests, or indirectly by unauthenticated users, by accessing already-exported backup packages, or crafting an import package and inducing an authenticated victim into sending the HTTP upload request.",
"id": "GHSA-vw9v-5h73-96pw",
"modified": "2024-01-10T15:30:19Z",
"published": "2024-01-10T15:30:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-48257"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://psirt.bosch.com/security-advisories/BOSCH-SA-711465.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VWCG-C828-9822
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-05 00:27 – Updated: 2026-02-10 02:56Note
GitHub incorrectly stated this vulnerability is identical to CVE-2025-69970, which describes the fact that authentication is disabled by default. This advisory describes an exploit chain that enables authentication bypass via the heartbeat refresh endpoint when authentication is enabled. This misleads users into thinking that enabling authentication would mitigate this vulnerability. Please see the patch for more information: https://github.com/frangoteam/FUXA/commit/fe82348d160904d0013b9a3e267d50158f5c7afb.
Description
An authentication bypass vulnerability in FUXA allows an unauthenticated, remote attacker to gain administrative access via the heartbeat refresh API and execute arbitrary code on the server. This affects FUXA through version 1.2.9 when authentication is enabled. This issue has been patched in FUXA version 1.2.10.
Impact
Affected deployments are those with runtime.settings.secureEnabled set to true.
Exploitation allows an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass all authentication mechanisms and obtain administrative access to the FUXA instance by minting administrator JWTs via the heartbeat refresh endpoint. With these elevated privileges, the attacker can interact with administrative APIs, including intended features designed for automation and scripting, to execute arbitrary code in the context of the FUXA service. Depending on deployment configuration and permissions, this may lead to full system compromise and could further expose connected ICS/SCADA environments to follow-on actions.
Patches
This issue has been patched in FUXA version 1.2.10. Users are strongly encouraged to update to the latest available release.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.2.9"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "fuxa-server"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.2.10"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-25893"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-285",
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-05T00:27:53Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-09T23:16:05Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "### Note\nGitHub incorrectly stated this vulnerability is identical to CVE-2025-69970, which describes the fact that authentication is disabled by default. This advisory describes an exploit chain that enables authentication bypass via the heartbeat refresh endpoint when authentication is enabled. This misleads users into thinking that enabling authentication would mitigate this vulnerability. Please see the patch for more information: https://github.com/frangoteam/FUXA/commit/fe82348d160904d0013b9a3e267d50158f5c7afb.\n\n### Description\nAn authentication bypass vulnerability in FUXA allows an unauthenticated, remote attacker to gain administrative access via the heartbeat refresh API and execute arbitrary code on the server. This affects FUXA through version 1.2.9 when authentication is enabled. This issue has been patched in FUXA version 1.2.10.\n\n### Impact\nAffected deployments are those with `runtime.settings.secureEnabled` set to `true`.\n\nExploitation allows an unauthenticated, remote attacker to bypass all authentication mechanisms and obtain administrative access to the FUXA instance by minting administrator JWTs via the heartbeat refresh endpoint. With these elevated privileges, the attacker can interact with administrative APIs, including intended features designed for automation and scripting, to execute arbitrary code in the context of the FUXA service. Depending on deployment configuration and permissions, this may lead to full system compromise and could further expose connected ICS/SCADA environments to follow-on actions.\n\n### Patches\nThis issue has been patched in FUXA version 1.2.10. Users are strongly encouraged to update to the latest available release.",
"id": "GHSA-vwcg-c828-9822",
"modified": "2026-02-10T02:56:42Z",
"published": "2026-02-05T00:27:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/frangoteam/FUXA/security/advisories/GHSA-vwcg-c828-9822"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-25893"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/frangoteam/FUXA/commit/fe82348d160904d0013b9a3e267d50158f5c7afb"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/frangoteam/FUXA"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "FUXA Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution via Admin JWT Minting"
}
GHSA-VWCJ-MF69-7RFW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 00:05 – Updated: 2025-04-09 03:58resolv.rb in Ruby 1.8.5 and earlier, 1.8.6 before 1.8.6-p287, 1.8.7 before 1.8.7-p72, and 1.9 r18423 and earlier uses sequential transaction IDs and constant source ports for DNS requests, which makes it easier for remote attackers to spoof DNS responses, a different vulnerability than CVE-2008-1447.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-3905"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2008-09-04T17:41:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "resolv.rb in Ruby 1.8.5 and earlier, 1.8.6 before 1.8.6-p287, 1.8.7 before 1.8.7-p72, and 1.9 r18423 and earlier uses sequential transaction IDs and constant source ports for DNS requests, which makes it easier for remote attackers to spoof DNS responses, a different vulnerability than CVE-2008-1447.",
"id": "GHSA-vwcj-mf69-7rfw",
"modified": "2025-04-09T03:58:02Z",
"published": "2022-05-02T00:05:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-3905"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/45935"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A10034"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/651-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-package-announce/2008-October/msg00259.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-package-announce/2008-October/msg00299.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/31430"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/32165"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/32219"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/32255"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/32256"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/32371"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/32948"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/33178"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://security.gentoo.org/glsa/glsa-200812-17.xml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://slackware.com/security/viewer.php?l=slackware-security\u0026y=2008\u0026m=slackware-security.371754"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://support.avaya.com/elmodocs2/security/ASA-2008-424.htm"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2008/dsa-1651"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2008/dsa-1652"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2008/09/03/3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2008/09/04/9"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.redhat.com/support/errata/RHSA-2008-0897.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2008/08/08/multiple-vulnerabilities-in-ruby"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/31699"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2008/2334"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.
CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse
An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.
CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass
An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.
CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing
Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.
CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data
An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.
CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client
An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.
CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data
This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.
CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking
This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.
CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.
CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server
By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.
CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)
An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.