Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-287

Discouraged

Improper Authentication

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.

5964 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-WHH9-QWJX-X7JQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:30 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:30
VLAI
Details

NETGEAR ProSAFE Network Management System MyHandlerInterceptor Authentication Bypass Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to bypass authentication on affected installations of NETGEAR ProSAFE Network Management System. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.

The specific flaw exists within the MyHandlerInterceptor class. The issue results from improper implementation of the authentication mechanism. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to bypass authentication on the system. Was ZDI-CAN-19718.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-38096"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T02:15:52Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "NETGEAR ProSAFE Network Management System MyHandlerInterceptor Authentication Bypass Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to bypass authentication on affected installations of NETGEAR ProSAFE Network Management System. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the MyHandlerInterceptor class. The issue results from improper implementation of the authentication mechanism. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to bypass authentication on the system. Was ZDI-CAN-19718.",
  "id": "GHSA-whh9-qwjx-x7jq",
  "modified": "2024-05-03T03:30:55Z",
  "published": "2024-05-03T03:30:55Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-38096"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://kb.netgear.com/000065707/Security-Advisory-for-Multiple-Vulnerabilities-on-the-ProSAFE-Network-Management-System-PSV-2023-0024-PSV-2023-0025"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-920"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WHHJ-9Q9W-QFF6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:15 – Updated: 2024-03-21 03:33
VLAI
Details

In IQrouter through 3.3.1, the Lua function diag_set_password in the web-panel allows remote attackers to change the root password arbitrarily.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-11964"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287",
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-04-21T13:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In IQrouter through 3.3.1, the Lua function diag_set_password in the web-panel allows remote attackers to change the root password arbitrarily.",
  "id": "GHSA-whhj-9q9w-qff6",
  "modified": "2024-03-21T03:33:55Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:15:56Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-11964"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://evenroute.com"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://evenroute.zendesk.com/hc/en-us/articles/216107838-How-do-I-configure-an-IQrouter-"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-quick-start/walkthrough_login"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://pastebin.com/grSCSBSu"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WHR2-9X5F-5C79

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-05 21:18 – Updated: 2024-08-05 21:18
VLAI
Summary
Alpine allows Authentication Filter bypass
Details

Alpine is a scaffolding library in Java. Alpine prior to version 1.10.4 allows Authentication Filter bypass. The AuthenticationFilter relies on the request URI to evaluate if the user is accessing the swagger endpoint. By accessing a URL with a path such as /api/foo;%2fapi%2fswagger the contains condition will hold and will return from the authentication filter without aborting the request. Note that the principal object will not be assigned and therefore the issue wont allow user impersonation. This issue has been fixed in version 1.10.4. There are no known workarounds.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "us.springett:alpine"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.10.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-23554"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287",
      "CWE-697"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-08-05T21:18:58Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-12-28T19:15:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Alpine is a scaffolding library in Java. Alpine prior to version 1.10.4 allows Authentication Filter bypass. The AuthenticationFilter relies on the request URI to evaluate if the user is accessing the swagger endpoint. By accessing a URL with a path such as /api/foo;%2fapi%2fswagger the contains condition will hold and will return from the authentication filter without aborting the request. Note that the principal object will not be assigned and therefore the issue wont allow user impersonation. This issue has been fixed in version 1.10.4. There are no known workarounds.",
  "id": "GHSA-whr2-9x5f-5c79",
  "modified": "2024-08-05T21:18:58Z",
  "published": "2024-08-05T21:18:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-23554"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/stevespringett/Alpine"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/stevespringett/Alpine/blob/f03dbda46229c26145a5f9f7f2660cc2c386be02/alpine/src/main/java/alpine/filters/AuthenticationFilter.java#L58-L60"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/stevespringett/Alpine/releases/tag/alpine-parent-1.10.4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://securitylab.github.com/advisories"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://securitylab.github.com/advisories/GHSL-2021-1010-Alpine"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Alpine allows Authentication Filter bypass"
}

GHSA-WHRJ-RV6R-CV2V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 23:53 – Updated: 2022-05-01 23:53
VLAI
Details

admin/upload.php in le.cms 1.4 and earlier allows remote attackers to bypass administrative authentication, and upload and execute arbitrary files in images/, via a nonzero value for the submit0 parameter in conjunction with filenames in the filename and upload parameters.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2008-2833"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2008-06-24T19:41:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "admin/upload.php in le.cms 1.4 and earlier allows remote attackers to bypass administrative authentication, and upload and execute arbitrary files in images/, via a nonzero value for the submit0 parameter in conjunction with filenames in the filename and upload parameters.",
  "id": "GHSA-whrj-rv6r-cv2v",
  "modified": "2022-05-01T23:53:54Z",
  "published": "2022-05-01T23:53:54Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-2833"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/43274"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/5887"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/30797"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/29867"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/29872"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-WHV2-8G4P-XPX6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-07 18:30 – Updated: 2024-10-11 18:32
VLAI
Details

Sensitive data can be extracted from HID iCLASS SE reader configuration cards. This could include credential and device administrator keys.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-23806"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-285",
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-02-07T17:15:10Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "\n\n\nSensitive data can be extracted from HID iCLASS SE reader configuration cards. This could include credential and device administrator keys.\n\n\n\n",
  "id": "GHSA-whv2-8g4p-xpx6",
  "modified": "2024-10-11T18:32:47Z",
  "published": "2024-02-07T18:30:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-23806"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-24-037-02"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-24-037-02"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.hidglobal.com/support"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WJ2M-WX8R-329H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:15 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:15
VLAI
Details

class-woo-banner-management.php in the MULTIDOTS WooCommerce Category Banner Management plugin 1.1.0 for WordPress has an Unauthenticated Settings Change Vulnerability, related to certain wp_ajax_nopriv_ usage. Anyone can change the plugin's setting by simply sending a request with a wbm_save_shop_page_banner_data action.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-11579"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-05-31T01:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "class-woo-banner-management.php in the MULTIDOTS WooCommerce Category Banner Management plugin 1.1.0 for WordPress has an Unauthenticated Settings Change Vulnerability, related to certain wp_ajax_nopriv_ usage. Anyone can change the plugin\u0027s setting by simply sending a request with a wbm_save_shop_page_banner_data action.",
  "id": "GHSA-wj2m-wx8r-329h",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T03:15:01Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T03:15:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-11579"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://wordpress.org/plugins/banner-management-for-woocommerce/#developers"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://labs.threatpress.com/unauthenticated-settings-change-vulnerability-in-woocommerce-category-banner-management-plugin"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WJC6-XP69-QVQ2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:45 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:45
VLAI
Details

The password change feature (admin/cp.php) in VideoScript 4.0.1.50 and earlier does not check for administrative authentication and does not require knowledge of the original password, which allows remote attackers to change the admin account password via modified npass and npass1 parameters.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2008-5219"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2008-11-25T18:30:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The password change feature (admin/cp.php) in VideoScript 4.0.1.50 and earlier does not check for administrative authentication and does not require knowledge of the original password, which allows remote attackers to change the admin account password via modified npass and npass1 parameters.",
  "id": "GHSA-wjc6-xp69-qvq2",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T00:45:01Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T00:45:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-5219"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/7149"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://osvdb.org/49885"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/32718"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://securityreason.com/securityalert/4634"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-WJMP-WPHQ-JVQF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-06 21:18 – Updated: 2025-05-06 21:43
VLAI
Summary
Passport-wsfed-saml2 allows SAML Authentication Bypass via Signature Wrapping
Details

Overview

This vulnerability allows an attacker to impersonate any user during SAML authentication by crafting a SAMLResponse. This can be done by using a valid SAML object that was signed by the configured IdP.

Am I Affected?

You are affected by this SAML Signature Wrapping vulnerability if you are using passport-wsfed-saml2 version 4.6.3 or below, specifically under the following conditions: 1. The service provider is using passport-wsfed-saml2, 2. A valid SAML document signed by the Identity Provider can be obtained.

Fix

Upgrade to v4.6.4 or greater.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 4.6.3"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "passport-wsfed-saml2"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.0.5"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.6.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-46572"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287",
      "CWE-347"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-05-06T21:18:43Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-05-06T21:16:20Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "### Overview\nThis vulnerability allows an attacker to impersonate any user during SAML authentication by crafting a SAMLResponse. This can be done by using a valid SAML object that was signed by the configured IdP.\n\n### Am I Affected?\nYou are affected by this SAML Signature Wrapping vulnerability if you are using `passport-wsfed-saml2` version 4.6.3 or below, specifically under the following conditions:\n1. The service provider is using `passport-wsfed-saml2`,\n2. A valid SAML document signed by the Identity Provider can be obtained.\n\n### Fix\nUpgrade to v4.6.4 or greater.",
  "id": "GHSA-wjmp-wphq-jvqf",
  "modified": "2025-05-06T21:43:47Z",
  "published": "2025-05-06T21:18:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/auth0/passport-wsfed-saml2/security/advisories/GHSA-wjmp-wphq-jvqf"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-46572"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/auth0/passport-wsfed-saml2/commit/e5cf3cc2a53748207f7a81bfba9195c8efa94181"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/auth0/passport-wsfed-saml2"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Passport-wsfed-saml2 allows SAML Authentication Bypass via Signature Wrapping"
}

GHSA-WJQ5-7847-86XM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-04 21:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:49
VLAI
Details

An issue in the helper tool of Mailbutler GmbH Shimo VPN Client for macOS v5.0.4 allows attackers to bypass authentication via PID re-use.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-30328"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-05-04T21:15:11Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An issue in the helper tool of Mailbutler GmbH Shimo VPN Client for macOS v5.0.4 allows attackers to bypass authentication via PID re-use.",
  "id": "GHSA-wjq5-7847-86xm",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T03:49:03Z",
  "published": "2023-05-04T21:30:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-30328"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rand0mIdas/randomideas/blob/main/ShimoVPN.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rand0mIdas/randomideas/main/ShimoVPN.md?token=GHSAT0AAAAAACA3WX4SPH2YYOCWGV6LLVSGZBIEKEQ"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WJQJ-V3Q8-X4H3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-08 00:37 – Updated: 2026-07-09 18:31
VLAI
Details

Fire-Boltt Smartwatch FB BGS001 Firmware: MOY-JS14-2.0.4 is vulnerable to Improper Authentication, The device accepts GATT Write Request commands without sufficient authentication or strong session validation. Under specific conditions, previously captured BLE packets can be replayed from a nearby device to trigger functionality on the smartwatch.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-37271"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-07T23:16:54Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Fire-Boltt Smartwatch FB BGS001 Firmware: MOY-JS14-2.0.4 is vulnerable to Improper Authentication, The device accepts GATT Write Request commands without sufficient authentication or strong session validation. Under specific conditions, previously captured BLE packets can be replayed from a nearby device to trigger functionality on the smartwatch.",
  "id": "GHSA-wjqj-v3q8-x4h3",
  "modified": "2026-07-09T18:31:34Z",
  "published": "2026-07-08T00:37:56Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-37271"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/EmbdCDACHyd/CVE/blob/main/CVE-2026-37271/CVE-2026-37271.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/EmbdCDACHyd/CVE/tree/main/CVE-2026-37271"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://fire-boltt.com"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.

CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse

An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.

CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass

An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.

CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing

Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.

CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data

An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.

CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client

An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.

CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data

This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.

CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking

This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.

CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.

CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server

By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.

CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)

An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.