CWE-295
AllowedImproper Certificate Validation
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product does not validate, or incorrectly validates, a certificate.
2019 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-X7F3-R5XV-V2V6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:57 – Updated: 2024-02-14 18:30The Chase mobile banking application for Android does not verify that the server hostname matches a domain name in the subject's Common Name (CN) or subjectAltName field of the X.509 certificate, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof SSL servers via an arbitrary valid certificate, related to overriding the default X509TrustManager. NOTE: this vulnerability was fixed in the summer of 2012, but the version number was not changed or is not known.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2012-5810"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2012-11-04T22:55:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Chase mobile banking application for Android does not verify that the server hostname matches a domain name in the subject\u0027s Common Name (CN) or subjectAltName field of the X.509 certificate, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof SSL servers via an arbitrary valid certificate, related to overriding the default X509TrustManager. NOTE: this vulnerability was fixed in the summer of 2012, but the version number was not changed or is not known.",
"id": "GHSA-x7f3-r5xv-v2v6",
"modified": "2024-02-14T18:30:24Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T03:57:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-5810"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.google.com/document/pub?id=1roBIeSJsYq3Ntpf6N0PIeeAAvu4ddn7mGo6Qb7aL7ew"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.cs.utexas.edu/~shmat/shmat_ccs12.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X8CH-H5VV-Q6CM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-28 09:31 – Updated: 2025-05-30 18:31libcurl supports pinning of the server certificate public key for HTTPS transfers. Due to an omission, this check is not performed when connecting with QUIC for HTTP/3, when the TLS backend is wolfSSL. Documentation says the option works with wolfSSL, failing to specify that it does not for QUIC and HTTP/3. Since pinning makes the transfer succeed if the pin is fine, users could unwittingly connect to an impostor server without noticing.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-5025"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-28T07:15:24Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "libcurl supports *pinning* of the server certificate public key for HTTPS transfers. Due to an omission, this check is not performed when connecting with QUIC for HTTP/3, when the TLS backend is wolfSSL. Documentation says the option works with wolfSSL, failing to specify that it does not for QUIC and HTTP/3. Since pinning makes the transfer succeed if the pin is fine, users could unwittingly connect to an impostor server without noticing.",
"id": "GHSA-x8ch-h5vv-q6cm",
"modified": "2025-05-30T18:31:01Z",
"published": "2025-05-28T09:31:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-5025"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/3153497"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://curl.se/docs/CVE-2025-5025.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://curl.se/docs/CVE-2025-5025.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/05/28/5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X8MH-94WC-33GV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-30 12:33 – Updated: 2026-05-22 13:04Apache Airflow's SMTP provider SmtpHook called Python's smtplib.SMTP.starttls() without an SSL context, so no certificate validation was performed on the TLS upgrade. A man-in-the-middle between the Airflow worker and the SMTP server could present a self-signed certificate, complete the STARTTLS upgrade, and capture the SMTP credentials sent during the subsequent login() call. Users are advised to upgrade to the apache-airflow-providers-smtp version that contains the fix.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "apache-airflow-providers-smtp"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.0.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-41016"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-22T13:04:58Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-30T10:16:01Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Apache Airflow\u0027s SMTP provider `SmtpHook` called Python\u0027s `smtplib.SMTP.starttls()` without an SSL context, so no certificate validation was performed on the TLS upgrade. A man-in-the-middle between the Airflow worker and the SMTP server could present a self-signed certificate, complete the STARTTLS upgrade, and capture the SMTP credentials sent during the subsequent `login()` call. Users are advised to upgrade to the `apache-airflow-providers-smtp` version that contains the fix.",
"id": "GHSA-x8mh-94wc-33gv",
"modified": "2026-05-22T13:04:58Z",
"published": "2026-04-30T12:33:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41016"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/airflow/pull/65346"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/airflow"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/apache-airflow-providers-smtp/PYSEC-2026-24.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/gb202qy5r31bgdd3d51d7s5o1jh40kc4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "apache-airflow-providers-smtp: No certificate validation on SMTP STARTTLS connections in SMTP provider"
}
GHSA-X986-F697-6R4V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-11 03:31 – Updated: 2026-08-11 03:31SAP Approuter does not correctly validate client certificates in certain callback flows. An attacker with low privileges, holding a certificate from the same trusted authority with matching subject values, could bypass the identity check. This complexity makes the attack difficult to execute. Successful exploitation could allow impersonation of a trusted internal component, resulting in a high impact on integrity and a low impact on confidentiality and availability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-66760"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-11T01:17:22Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "SAP Approuter does not correctly validate client certificates in certain callback flows. An attacker with low privileges, holding a certificate from the same trusted authority with matching subject values, could bypass the identity check. This complexity makes the attack difficult to execute. Successful exploitation could allow impersonation of a trusted internal component, resulting in a high impact on integrity and a low impact on confidentiality and availability.",
"id": "GHSA-x986-f697-6r4v",
"modified": "2026-08-11T03:31:57Z",
"published": "2026-08-11T03:31:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-66760"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://me.sap.com/notes/3786038"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://url.sap/sapsecuritypatchday"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X9QR-969F-24WR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-21 18:33 – Updated: 2026-05-21 18:33Open ISES Tickets before 3.44.2 disables TLS certificate verification in rm/incs/mobile_login.inc.php by setting CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER to false (and not setting CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST) when issuing outbound HTTPS requests for outbound HTTPS requests issued during the mobile (RouteMate) login flow. An attacker positioned on the network path between the server and the remote endpoint can present a forged certificate to intercept, monitor, or modify the request and response, including any API keys or session-bearing data in transit.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-48249"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-21T18:16:22Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Open ISES Tickets before 3.44.2 disables TLS certificate verification in rm/incs/mobile_login.inc.php by setting CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER to false (and not setting CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST) when issuing outbound HTTPS requests for outbound HTTPS requests issued during the mobile (RouteMate) login flow. An attacker positioned on the network path between the server and the remote endpoint can present a forged certificate to intercept, monitor, or modify the request and response, including any API keys or session-bearing data in transit.",
"id": "GHSA-x9qr-969f-24wr",
"modified": "2026-05-21T18:33:15Z",
"published": "2026-05-21T18:33:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-48249"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openises/tickets/commit/ecfeb406a016766cae81c749e14b5145a9f2dbff"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openises/tickets/releases/tag/v3.44.2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/open-ises-tickets-disabled-tls-certificate-verification-in-rm-incs-mobile-login-inc-php"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-XC8C-3CMG-P9QR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-06 09:31 – Updated: 2024-02-14 00:35A default installation of RustDesk 1.2.3 on Windows places a WDKTestCert certificate under Trusted Root Certification Authorities with Enhanced Key Usage of Code Signing (1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.3), valid from 2023 until 2033. This is potentially unwanted, e.g., because there is no public documentation of security measures for the private key, and arbitrary software could be signed if the private key were to be compromised. NOTE: the vendor's position is "we do not have EV cert, so we use test cert as a workaround." Insertion into Trusted Root Certification Authorities was the originally intended behavior, and the UI ensured that the certificate installation step (checked by default) was visible to the user before proceeding with the product installation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-25140"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-06T09:15:52Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A default installation of RustDesk 1.2.3 on Windows places a WDKTestCert certificate under Trusted Root Certification Authorities with Enhanced Key Usage of Code Signing (1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.3), valid from 2023 until 2033. This is potentially unwanted, e.g., because there is no public documentation of security measures for the private key, and arbitrary software could be signed if the private key were to be compromised. NOTE: the vendor\u0027s position is \"we do not have EV cert, so we use test cert as a workaround.\" Insertion into Trusted Root Certification Authorities was the originally intended behavior, and the UI ensured that the certificate installation step (checked by default) was visible to the user before proceeding with the product installation.",
"id": "GHSA-xc8c-3cmg-p9qr",
"modified": "2024-02-14T00:35:41Z",
"published": "2024-02-06T09:31:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-25140"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rustdesk/rustdesk/discussions/6444"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39256493"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://serverfault.com/questions/837994"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XCP5-2G2R-H36P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:18 – Updated: 2022-11-15 12:00An issue was discovered in ssl.c in Axel before 2.17.8. The TLS implementation lacks hostname verification.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-13614"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-05-26T23:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in ssl.c in Axel before 2.17.8. The TLS implementation lacks hostname verification.",
"id": "GHSA-xcp5-2g2r-h36p",
"modified": "2022-11-15T12:00:18Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:18:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-13614"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/axel-download-accelerator/axel/issues/262"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/axel-download-accelerator/axel/releases/tag/v2.17.8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/LPZUQSDGV5XDBJGHBWBHWJIBE47Q4QIB"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/S3ECAKIZA2TGBYLUQTLGRMXUFIOGRHG3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-06/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-06/msg00010.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XF48-PH6X-76RJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-20 00:35 – Updated: 2026-08-20 00:35In Splunk Connect for Kafka versions below 2.2.7, an unauthenticated user positioned in the network path could read or alter all relevant data sent from the connector when Kerberos authentication is used with Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Event Collector in Splunk Enterprise. The vulnerability is possible because the Kerberos authentication path does not apply the configured certificate validation options when it builds the HTTP client. For more information see Install Splunk Connect for Kafka (https://help.splunk.com/en/data-management/integrate-data-with-add-ons/splunk-connect-for-kafka/2.2/install/install-splunk-connect-for-kafka), Security configurations for Splunk Connect for Kafka (https://help.splunk.com/en/splunk-enterprise/get-data-in/splunk-connect-for-kafka/2.2/configure/security-configurations-for-splunk-connect-for-kafka), and Set up and use HTTP Event Collector with configuration files (https://help.splunk.com/en/splunk-enterprise/get-data-in/get-started-with-getting-data-in/9.4/get-data-with-http-event-collector/set-up-and-use-http-event-collector-with-configuration-files) in the Splunk documentation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-76403"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-19T22:17:27Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In Splunk Connect for Kafka versions below 2.2.7, an unauthenticated user positioned in the network path could read or alter all relevant data sent from the connector when Kerberos authentication is used with Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Event Collector in Splunk Enterprise. The vulnerability is possible because the Kerberos authentication path does not apply the configured certificate validation options when it builds the HTTP client. For more information see Install Splunk Connect for Kafka (https://help.splunk.com/en/data-management/integrate-data-with-add-ons/splunk-connect-for-kafka/2.2/install/install-splunk-connect-for-kafka), Security configurations for Splunk Connect for Kafka (https://help.splunk.com/en/splunk-enterprise/get-data-in/splunk-connect-for-kafka/2.2/configure/security-configurations-for-splunk-connect-for-kafka), and Set up and use HTTP Event Collector with configuration files (https://help.splunk.com/en/splunk-enterprise/get-data-in/get-started-with-getting-data-in/9.4/get-data-with-http-event-collector/set-up-and-use-http-event-collector-with-configuration-files) in the Splunk documentation.",
"id": "GHSA-xf48-ph6x-76rj",
"modified": "2026-08-20T00:35:07Z",
"published": "2026-08-20T00:35:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-76403"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://advisory.splunk.com/advisories/SVD-2026-0808"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XF84-F9VV-4VFX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-07 18:30 – Updated: 2025-01-07 18:30IBM Cognos Controller 11.0.0 through 11.0.1 and IBM Controller 11.1.0 could allow an unauthorized user to obtain valid tokens to gain access to protected resources due to improper certificate validation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-40702"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-07T16:15:33Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "IBM Cognos Controller 11.0.0 through 11.0.1 and IBM Controller 11.1.0 could allow an unauthorized user to obtain valid tokens to gain access to protected resources due to improper certificate validation.",
"id": "GHSA-xf84-f9vv-4vfx",
"modified": "2025-01-07T18:30:49Z",
"published": "2025-01-07T18:30:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-40702"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7179163"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XF97-7H34-8MRR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-24 00:00 – Updated: 2023-09-13 00:30e2guardian v5.4.x <= v5.4.3r is affected by missing SSL certificate validation in the SSL MITM engine. In standalone mode (i.e., acting as a proxy or a transparent proxy), with SSL MITM enabled, e2guardian, if built with OpenSSL v1.1.x, did not validate hostnames in certificates of the web servers that it connected to, and thus was itself vulnerable to MITM attacks.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-44273"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-23T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "e2guardian v5.4.x \u003c= v5.4.3r is affected by missing SSL certificate validation in the SSL MITM engine. In standalone mode (i.e., acting as a proxy or a transparent proxy), with SSL MITM enabled, e2guardian, if built with OpenSSL v1.1.x, did not validate hostnames in certificates of the web servers that it connected to, and thus was itself vulnerable to MITM attacks.",
"id": "GHSA-xf97-7h34-8mrr",
"modified": "2023-09-13T00:30:17Z",
"published": "2021-12-24T00:00:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-44273"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/e2guardian/e2guardian/issues/707"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/e2guardian/e2guardian/commit/eae46a7e2a57103aadca903c4a24cca94dc502a2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/09/msg00010.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/12/23/2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Certificates should be carefully managed and checked to assure that data are encrypted with the intended owner's public key.
Mitigation
If certificate pinning is being used, ensure that all relevant properties of the certificate are fully validated before the certificate is pinned, including the hostname.
CAPEC-459: Creating a Rogue Certification Authority Certificate
An adversary exploits a weakness resulting from using a hashing algorithm with weak collision resistance to generate certificate signing requests (CSR) that contain collision blocks in their "to be signed" parts. The adversary submits one CSR to be signed by a trusted certificate authority then uses the signed blob to make a second certificate appear signed by said certificate authority. Due to the hash collision, both certificates, though different, hash to the same value and so the signed blob works just as well in the second certificate. The net effect is that the adversary's second X.509 certificate, which the Certification Authority has never seen, is now signed and validated by that Certification Authority.
CAPEC-475: Signature Spoofing by Improper Validation
An adversary exploits a cryptographic weakness in the signature verification algorithm implementation to generate a valid signature without knowing the key.