Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-306

Allowed

Missing Authentication for Critical Function

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product does not perform any authentication for functionality that requires a provable user identity or consumes a significant amount of resources.

4627 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-QRMF-PMG6-M84C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-08 09:31 – Updated: 2026-10-08 09:31
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been identified in the data collection service of Brocade ASCG versions before 3.5.0. An API endpoint within the data collector service fails to perform authentication or authorization checks on incoming requests. An attacker with network access to the service can instruct the application to establish SSH connections to arbitrary hosts and execute arbitrary system commands, effectively turning the appliance into an unauthenticated proxy or execution vector.

Severity
8.6 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-85423"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-306"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-10-08T07:16:32Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been identified in the data collection service of Brocade ASCG versions before 3.5.0. An API endpoint within the data collector service fails to perform authentication or authorization checks on incoming requests. An attacker with network access to the service can instruct the application to establish SSH connections to arbitrary hosts and execute arbitrary system commands, effectively turning the appliance into an unauthenticated proxy or execution vector.",
  "id": "GHSA-qrmf-pmg6-m84c",
  "modified": "2026-10-08T09:31:54Z",
  "published": "2026-10-08T09:31:54Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-85423"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.broadcom.com/external/content/SecurityAdvisories/0/38380"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QRPW-3VX7-G7G2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-28 15:31 – Updated: 2025-07-28 15:31
VLAI
Details

Insufficient input validation within GitLab Language Server 7.6.0 and later before 7.30.0 allows arbitrary GraphQL query execution

Severity
8.7 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-8279"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-306"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-07-28T14:15:28Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Insufficient input validation within GitLab Language Server 7.6.0 and later before 7.30.0 allows arbitrary GraphQL query execution",
  "id": "GHSA-qrpw-3vx7-g7g2",
  "modified": "2025-07-28T15:31:41Z",
  "published": "2025-07-28T15:31:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-8279"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/538205"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QRQM-FHG8-7274

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-24 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-27 00:00
VLAI
Details

Missing authentication for critical function vulnerability in UNIMO Technology digital video recorders (UDR-JA1004/JA1008/JA1016 firmware versions v1.0.20.13 and earlier, and UDR-JA1016 firmware versions v2.0.20.13 and earlier) allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute an arbitrary OS command by sending a specially crafted request to the affected device web interface.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-35733"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-306"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-08-23T02:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Missing authentication for critical function vulnerability in UNIMO Technology digital video recorders (UDR-JA1004/JA1008/JA1016 firmware versions v1.0.20.13 and earlier, and UDR-JA1016 firmware versions v2.0.20.13 and earlier) allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute an arbitrary OS command by sending a specially crafted request to the affected device web interface.",
  "id": "GHSA-qrqm-fhg8-7274",
  "modified": "2022-08-27T00:00:53Z",
  "published": "2022-08-24T00:00:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-35733"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jvn.jp/en/vu/JVNVU90821877/index.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.unimo.co.jp/table_notice/index.php?act=1\u0026resid=1643590226-637355"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QRX8-25QR-5R7V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-16 23:32 – Updated: 2026-07-20 13:39
VLAI
Summary
n8n: MCP Browser HTTP Transport Exposes Unauthenticated Browser-Control Sessions
Details

Impact

When @n8n/mcp-browser is run in HTTP transport mode, the MCP endpoint accepts session initialization and tool invocation requests without any authentication. Any network-reachable client, or any website visited by the user, can establish an MCP session and invoke browser-control tools.

Where the n8n AI Browser Bridge extension is installed and a browser connection is active, an unauthenticated caller can access browser-control capabilities including navigation, JavaScript evaluation, and cookie and storage access against the user's real browser profile.

This issue only affects instances where @n8n/mcp-browser is run with the HTTP transport (--transport http). The default transport is stdio, which is not affected.

Patches

The issue has been fixed in n8n versions 2.25.7, and 2.26.2. Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later to remediate the vulnerability.

Workarounds

If upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations: - Avoid running @n8n/mcp-browser with the HTTP transport; use the default stdio transport instead. - If HTTP transport is required, restrict network access to the listening port to trusted clients only using host-based firewall rules.

These workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures.

Severity
10.0 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L
8.8 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "n8n"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.26.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.26.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "n8n"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.25.7"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-54309"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-306"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-16T23:32:31Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-23T16:17:01Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "## Impact\nWhen `@n8n/mcp-browser` is run in HTTP transport mode, the MCP endpoint accepts session initialization and tool invocation requests without any authentication. Any network-reachable client, or any website visited by the user, can establish an MCP session and invoke browser-control tools.\n\nWhere the n8n AI Browser Bridge extension is installed and a browser connection is active, an unauthenticated caller can access browser-control capabilities including navigation, JavaScript evaluation, and cookie and storage access against the user\u0027s real browser profile.\n\nThis issue only affects instances where `@n8n/mcp-browser` is run with the HTTP transport (`--transport http`). The default transport is stdio, which is not affected.\n\n## Patches\nThe issue has been fixed in n8n versions 2.25.7, and 2.26.2. Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later to remediate the vulnerability.\n\n## Workarounds\nIf upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations:\n- Avoid running `@n8n/mcp-browser` with the HTTP transport; use the default stdio transport instead.\n- If HTTP transport is required, restrict network access to the listening port to trusted clients only using host-based firewall rules.\n\nThese workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures.",
  "id": "GHSA-qrx8-25qr-5r7v",
  "modified": "2026-07-20T13:39:49Z",
  "published": "2026-06-16T23:32:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-qrx8-25qr-5r7v"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-54309"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "n8n: MCP Browser HTTP Transport Exposes Unauthenticated Browser-Control Sessions"
}

GHSA-QV43-9JP8-2MV7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-16 18:30 – Updated: 2025-10-16 18:30
VLAI
Details

OPEXUS FOIAXpress allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to reset the administrator password. Fixed in FOIAXpress version 11.13.2.0.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.9 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/S:N/AU:Y/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Red
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-62586"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-306"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-16T18:15:40Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "OPEXUS FOIAXpress allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to reset the administrator password. Fixed in FOIAXpress version 11.13.2.0.",
  "id": "GHSA-qv43-9jp8-2mv7",
  "modified": "2025-10-16T18:30:26Z",
  "published": "2025-10-16T18:30:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-62586"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.opexustech.com/docs/foiaxpress/11.13.0/FOIAXpress_Release_Notes_11.13.2.0.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cisagov/CSAF/develop/csaf_files/IT/white/2025/va-25-289-01.json"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-62586"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:N/AU:Y/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Red",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QV97-5C86-J6F9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-22 00:31 – Updated: 2026-07-22 00:31
VLAI
Details

Vulnerability in the Oracle Identity Manager Connector product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: PeopleSoft Applications). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and 14.1.2.1.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Identity Manager Connector. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Identity Manager Connector. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-60535"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-306"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-21T22:17:53Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle Identity Manager Connector product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: PeopleSoft Applications).  Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and  14.1.2.1.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle Identity Manager Connector.  Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Identity Manager Connector. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts).  CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
  "id": "GHSA-qv97-5c86-j6f9",
  "modified": "2026-07-22T00:31:46Z",
  "published": "2026-07-22T00:31:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-60535"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2026.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QVJV-WC87-5X43

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-27 09:30 – Updated: 2026-03-09 18:31
VLAI
Details

The SmartRemote module has insufficient restrictions on loading URLs, which may lead to some information leakage.

Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
7.1 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-15509"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-306"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-27T07:17:10Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The\u00a0SmartRemote module has insufficient restrictions on loading URLs, which may lead to some information leakage.",
  "id": "GHSA-qvjv-wc87-5x43",
  "modified": "2026-03-09T18:31:36Z",
  "published": "2026-02-27T09:30:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-15509"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vivo.com/en/support/security-advisory-detail?id=20"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QVPM-G7WJ-8G8G

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-03-22 00:00 – Updated: 2026-07-05 03:30
VLAI
Details

BigAnt Software BigAnt Server v5.6.06 was discovered to contain incorrect access control.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-23345"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-306",
      "CWE-668"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-03-21T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "BigAnt Software BigAnt Server v5.6.06 was discovered to contain incorrect access control.",
  "id": "GHSA-qvpm-g7wj-8g8g",
  "modified": "2026-07-05T03:30:46Z",
  "published": "2022-03-22T00:00:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-23345"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/bzyo/cve-pocs/tree/master/CVE-2022-23345"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.bigantsoft.com"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://bigant.com"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QW22-V3JJ-H7X3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-10 21:31 – Updated: 2025-02-10 21:31
VLAI
Details

wandb/openui latest commit c945bb859979659add5f490a874140ad17c56a5d contains a vulnerability where unauthenticated endpoints allow file uploads and downloads from an AWS S3 bucket. This can lead to multiple security issues including denial of service, stored XSS, and information disclosure. The affected endpoints are '/v1/share/{id:str}' for uploading and '/v1/share/{id:str}' for downloading JSON files. The lack of authentication allows any user to upload and overwrite files, potentially causing the S3 bucket to run out of space, injecting malicious scripts, and accessing sensitive information.

Severity
6.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-10649"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-306"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-02-10T19:15:37Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "wandb/openui latest commit c945bb859979659add5f490a874140ad17c56a5d contains a vulnerability where unauthenticated endpoints allow file uploads and downloads from an AWS S3 bucket. This can lead to multiple security issues including denial of service, stored XSS, and information disclosure. The affected endpoints are \u0027/v1/share/{id:str}\u0027 for uploading and \u0027/v1/share/{id:str}\u0027 for downloading JSON files. The lack of authentication allows any user to upload and overwrite files, potentially causing the S3 bucket to run out of space, injecting malicious scripts, and accessing sensitive information.",
  "id": "GHSA-qw22-v3jj-h7x3",
  "modified": "2025-02-10T21:31:36Z",
  "published": "2025-02-10T21:31:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-10649"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://huntr.com/bounties/1025793a-3c19-4148-a26e-80cd84d4822d"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QW24-GH76-8RVV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-16 23:39 – Updated: 2026-07-21 13:16
VLAI
Summary
Rclone: Unauthenticated command execution in `rclone rcd --rc-serve` via inline remote instantiation, bypassing CVE-2026-41179 fix
Details

Summary

rclone rcd --rc-serve accepts unauthenticated GET and HEAD requests to paths of the form:

/[remote:path]/object

The remote value is parsed from the URL and passed to normal backend initialization. Inline remote configuration can set backend options that execute local commands during initialization. As a result, a single unauthenticated GET or HEAD request can execute a command as the rclone process user.

Versions from 1.55.0 onwards are vulnerable to command execution. Earlier versions (from 1.46.0) are vulnerable to the unauthenticated local file read described under "Additional impact" but not to command execution, because inline backend option overrides did not exist until 1.55.0.

Preconditions

Preconditions for this vulnerability are:

  • The rclone remote control API must be enabled, either by the --rc flag or by running the rclone rcd server
  • The remote control API must be reachable by the attacker - by default rclone only serves the rc to localhost unless the --rc-addr flag is in use
  • The rc must have been deployed without global RC HTTP authentication - so not using --rc-user/--rc-pass/--rc-htpasswd/etc
  • The --rc-serve flag must be in use

Impact

An unauthenticated network attacker who can reach the RC HTTP listener can execute commands as the rclone process user.

Additional impact observed during testing:

  • GET and HEAD both trigger backend initialization.
  • The same path allows unauthenticated local file read through inline local remotes.
  • Inline global.* options can mutate process-wide rclone configuration, including global.http_proxy.
  • Browser subresource requests can also trigger the issue against a localhost-only RC listener. In testing, Firefox triggered the payload from a public HTTPS page containing only an <img> tag pointing at http://127.0.0.1:5572/.... This is an additional impact multiplier, not the primary attack precondition.

Mitigations / Workarounds

  • Upgrade to rclone 1.74.3 (or 1.75.0 when released).
  • Or, configure HTTP authentication on the rc with --rc-user/--rc-pass or --rc-htpasswd, which has always been the recommended deployment.
  • Or, do not use --rc-serve if file serving is not needed.

The Fix

The vulnerabilities in this advisory have been fixed by two commits:

  • rc: fix unauthenticated command execution via --rc-serve inline remotes
  • rc: stop global.* connection string options changing config
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.74.2"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/rclone/rclone"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.46.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.74.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-49980"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-306",
      "CWE-78"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-16T23:39:41Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-24T19:17:11Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\n`rclone rcd --rc-serve` accepts unauthenticated `GET` and `HEAD` requests to paths of the form:\n\n```text\n/[remote:path]/object\n```\n\nThe `remote` value is parsed from the URL and passed to normal backend initialization. Inline remote configuration can set backend options that execute local commands during initialization. As a result, a single unauthenticated `GET` or `HEAD` request can execute a command as the rclone process user.\n\nVersions from 1.55.0 onwards are vulnerable to command execution. Earlier versions (from 1.46.0) are vulnerable to the unauthenticated local file read described under \"Additional impact\" but not to command execution, because inline backend option overrides did not exist until 1.55.0.\n\n## Preconditions\n\nPreconditions for this vulnerability are:\n\n- The rclone remote control API must be enabled, either by the `--rc` flag or by running the `rclone rcd` server\n- The remote control API must be reachable by the attacker - by default rclone only serves the rc to localhost unless the `--rc-addr` flag is in use\n- The rc must have been deployed without global RC HTTP authentication - so not using `--rc-user`/`--rc-pass`/`--rc-htpasswd`/etc\n- The `--rc-serve` flag must be in use\n\n## Impact\n\nAn unauthenticated network attacker who can reach the RC HTTP listener can execute commands as the rclone process user.\n\nAdditional impact observed during testing:\n\n- `GET` and `HEAD` both trigger backend initialization.\n- The same path allows unauthenticated local file read through inline `local` remotes.\n- Inline `global.*` options can mutate process-wide rclone configuration, including `global.http_proxy`.\n- Browser subresource requests can also trigger the issue against a localhost-only RC listener. In testing, Firefox triggered the payload from a public HTTPS page containing only an `\u003cimg\u003e` tag pointing at `http://127.0.0.1:5572/...`. This is an additional impact multiplier, not the primary attack precondition.\n\n## Mitigations / Workarounds\n\n- Upgrade to rclone 1.74.3 (or 1.75.0 when released).\n- Or, configure HTTP authentication on the rc with `--rc-user`/`--rc-pass`\n  or `--rc-htpasswd`, which has always been the recommended deployment.\n- Or, do not use `--rc-serve` if file serving is not needed.\n\n## The Fix\n\nThe vulnerabilities in this advisory have been fixed by two commits:\n\n- rc: fix unauthenticated command execution via `--rc-serve` inline remotes\n- rc: stop `global.*` connection string options changing config",
  "id": "GHSA-qw24-gh76-8rvv",
  "modified": "2026-07-21T13:16:20Z",
  "published": "2026-06-16T23:39:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rclone/rclone/security/advisories/GHSA-qw24-gh76-8rvv"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-49980"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-49980"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2492478"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/rclone/rclone"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-49980.json"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Rclone: Unauthenticated command execution in `rclone rcd --rc-serve` via inline remote instantiation, bypassing CVE-2026-41179 fix"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the software into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Identify which of these areas require a proven user identity, and use a centralized authentication capability.
  • Identify all potential communication channels, or other means of interaction with the software, to ensure that all channels are appropriately protected, including those channels that are assumed to be accessible only by authorized parties. Developers sometimes perform authentication at the primary channel, but open up a secondary channel that is assumed to be private. For example, a login mechanism may be listening on one network port, but after successful authentication, it may open up a second port where it waits for the connection, but avoids authentication because it assumes that only the authenticated party will connect to the port.
  • In general, if the software or protocol allows a single session or user state to persist across multiple connections or channels, authentication and appropriate credential management need to be used throughout.
Mitigation MIT-15
Architecture and Design

For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Where possible, avoid implementing custom, "grow-your-own" authentication routines and consider using authentication capabilities as provided by the surrounding framework, operating system, or environment. These capabilities may avoid common weaknesses that are unique to authentication; support automatic auditing and tracking; and make it easier to provide a clear separation between authentication tasks and authorization tasks.
  • In environments such as the World Wide Web, the line between authentication and authorization is sometimes blurred. If custom authentication routines are required instead of those provided by the server, then these routines must be applied to every single page, since these pages could be requested directly.
Mitigation MIT-4.5
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using libraries with authentication capabilities such as OpenSSL or the ESAPI Authenticator [REF-45].
Mitigation
Implementation System Configuration Operation

When storing data in the cloud (e.g., S3 buckets, Azure blobs, Google Cloud Storage, etc.), use the provider's controls to require strong authentication for users who should be allowed to access the data [REF-1297] [REF-1298] [REF-1302].

CAPEC-12: Choosing Message Identifier

This pattern of attack is defined by the selection of messages distributed via multicast or public information channels that are intended for another client by determining the parameter value assigned to that client. This attack allows the adversary to gain access to potentially privileged information, and to possibly perpetrate other attacks through the distribution means by impersonation. If the channel/message being manipulated is an input rather than output mechanism for the system, (such as a command bus), this style of attack could be used to change the adversary's identifier to more a privileged one.

CAPEC-166: Force the System to Reset Values

An attacker forces the target into a previous state in order to leverage potential weaknesses in the target dependent upon a prior configuration or state-dependent factors. Even in cases where an attacker may not be able to directly control the configuration of the targeted application, they may be able to reset the configuration to a prior state since many applications implement reset functions.

CAPEC-216: Communication Channel Manipulation

An adversary manipulates a setting or parameter on communications channel in order to compromise its security. This can result in information exposure, insertion/removal of information from the communications stream, and/or potentially system compromise.

CAPEC-36: Using Unpublished Interfaces or Functionality

An adversary searches for and invokes interfaces or functionality that the target system designers did not intend to be publicly available. If interfaces fail to authenticate requests, the attacker may be able to invoke functionality they are not authorized for.

CAPEC-62: Cross Site Request Forgery

An attacker crafts malicious web links and distributes them (via web pages, email, etc.), typically in a targeted manner, hoping to induce users to click on the link and execute the malicious action against some third-party application. If successful, the action embedded in the malicious link will be processed and accepted by the targeted application with the users' privilege level. This type of attack leverages the persistence and implicit trust placed in user session cookies by many web applications today. In such an architecture, once the user authenticates to an application and a session cookie is created on the user's system, all following transactions for that session are authenticated using that cookie including potential actions initiated by an attacker and simply "riding" the existing session cookie.

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