Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-345
DiscouragedInsufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product does not sufficiently verify the origin or authenticity of data, in a way that causes it to accept invalid data.
944 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2022-4992 (GCVE-0-2022-4992)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-02 21:06 – Updated: 2026-06-05 11:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Dräger Infinity M540 VG4.1.1 Spoofed Network Message Handling DoS/Tampering
Summary
Dräger Infinity Acute Care System and Standalone Infinity M540 patient monitors versions VG4.1.1, VG4.0.3, and lower (with VG4.2 partially affected) contain a network message handling vulnerability that allows remote attackers to inject spoofed or tampered data and cause denial-of-service conditions. Attackers can compromise network communications to modify device settings such as alarm states or alarm limits, or overwhelm the system with excessive network traffic causing the Cockpit or M540 to reboot and lose network functionality.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://static.draeger.com/security/download/PSA-… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/dr-ger-infin… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dräger | Infinity Acute Care System |
Affected:
0 , < VG4.2
(custom)
Affected: 0 , < VG4.1.1 (custom) Affected: 0 , < VG4.0.3 (custom) |
|
| Dräger | Standalone Infinity M540 patient monitor |
Affected:
0 , < VG4.2
(custom)
Affected: 0 , < VG4.1.1 (custom) |
Date Public
2022-01-24 00:00
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CVE-2022-3703 (GCVE-0-2022-3703)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-11-10 21:32 – Updated: 2025-04-16 17:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ETIC Telecom Remote Access Server Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Summary
All versions of ETIC Telecom Remote Access Server (RAS) 4.5.0 and prior’s web portal is vulnerable to accepting malicious firmware packages that could provide a backdoor to an attacker and provide privilege escalation to the device.
Severity
7.6 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ETIC Telecom | Remote Access Server (RAS) |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 4.5.0
(custom)
|
Date Public
2022-11-03 06:00
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CVE-2022-2789 (GCVE-0-2022-2789)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-08-19 22:32 – Updated: 2025-04-16 16:12
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Emerson Electric's Proficy Machine Edition Version 9.00 and prior is vulnerable to CWE-345 Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity, and can display logic that is different than the compiled logic.
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/advisories/icsa-2… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Emerson Electric | Proficy Machine Edition |
Affected:
all , ≤ 9.00
(custom)
|
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CVE-2022-0031 (GCVE-0-2022-0031)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-11-09 17:24 – Updated: 2025-05-01 19:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cortex XSOAR: Local Privilege Escalation (PE) Vulnerability in Cortex XSOAR Engine
Summary
A local privilege escalation (PE) vulnerability in the Palo Alto Networks Cortex XSOAR engine software running on a Linux operating system allows a local attacker with shell access to the engine to execute programs with elevated privileges.
Severity
6.7 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Palo Alto Networks | Cortex XSOAR |
Affected:
6.9.0.0 , < 6.9.0.130766
(custom)
Affected: 6.8.0.0 Affected: 6.6.0.0 Affected: 6.5.0.0 |
Date Public
2022-11-09 17:00
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CVE-2021-41203 (GCVE-0-2021-41203)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-11-05 21:05 – Updated: 2024-08-04 03:08
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Missing validation during checkpoint loading
Summary
TensorFlow is an open source platform for machine learning. In affected versions an attacker can trigger undefined behavior, integer overflows, segfaults and `CHECK`-fail crashes if they can change saved checkpoints from outside of TensorFlow. This is because the checkpoints loading infrastructure is missing validation for invalid file formats. The fixes will be included in TensorFlow 2.7.0. We will also cherrypick these commits on TensorFlow 2.6.1, TensorFlow 2.5.2, and TensorFlow 2.4.4, as these are also affected and still in supported range.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CWE
- CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/commit/3… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/commit/a… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/commit/b… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/commit/e… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| tensorflow | tensorflow |
Affected:
>= 2.6.0, < 2.6.1
Affected: >= 2.5.0, < 2.5.2 Affected: < 2.4.4 |
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CVE-2021-41106 (GCVE-0-2021-41106)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-09-28 20:50 – Updated: 2024-08-04 02:59
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
File reference keys leads to incorrect hashes on HMAC algorithms
Summary
JWT is a library to work with JSON Web Token and JSON Web Signature. Prior to versions 3.4.6, 4.0.4, and 4.1.5, users of HMAC-based algorithms (HS256, HS384, and HS512) combined with `Lcobucci\JWT\Signer\Key\LocalFileReference` as key are having their tokens issued/validated using the file path as hashing key - instead of the contents. The HMAC hashing functions take any string as input and, since users can issue and validate tokens, users are lead to believe that everything works properly. Versions 3.4.6, 4.0.4, and 4.1.5 have been patched to always load the file contents, deprecated the `Lcobucci\JWT\Signer\Key\LocalFileReference`, and suggest `Lcobucci\JWT\Signer\Key\InMemory` as the alternative. As a workaround, use `Lcobucci\JWT\Signer\Key\InMemory` instead of `Lcobucci\JWT\Signer\Key\LocalFileReference` to create the instances of one's keys.
Severity
4.4 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/lcobucci/jwt/security/advisori… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/lcobucci/jwt/commit/8175de5b84… | x_refsource_MISC |
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Impacted products
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CVE-2021-41087 (GCVE-0-2021-41087)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-09-21 21:05 – Updated: 2024-08-04 02:59
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Improperly Implemented path matching for in-toto-golang
Summary
in-toto-golang is a go implementation of the in-toto framework to protect software supply chain integrity. In affected versions authenticated attackers posing as functionaries (i.e., within a trusted set of users for a layout) are able to create attestations that may bypass DISALLOW rules in the same layout. An attacker with access to trusted private keys, may issue an attestation that contains a disallowed artifact by including path traversal semantics (e.g., foo vs dir/../foo). Exploiting this vulnerability is dependent on the specific policy applied. The problem has been fixed in version 0.3.0.
Severity
5.6 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/in-toto/in-toto-golang/securit… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/in-toto/in-toto-golang/commit/… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| in-toto | in-toto-golang |
Affected:
< 0.3.0
|
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CVE-2021-39158 (GCVE-0-2021-39158)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-08-23 20:15 – Updated: 2024-08-04 01:58
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Dependency injection in NVCaffe
Summary
NVCaffe's python required dependencies list used to contain `gfortran`version prior to 0.17.4, entry which does not exist in the repository pypi.org. An attacker could potentially have posted malicious files to pypi.org causing a user to install it within NVCaffe.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CWE
- CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/NVIDIA/caffe/security/advisori… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2021-34572 (GCVE-0-2021-34572)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-09-16 12:20 – Updated: 2024-09-16 17:23
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity in Enbra EWM (replay attack)
Summary
Enbra EWM 1.7.29 does not check for or detect replay attacks sent by wireless M-Bus Security mode 5 devices. Instead timestamps of the sensor are replaced by the time of the readout even if the data is a replay of earlier data.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.fit.vutbr.cz/~polcak/CVE-2021-34572.en | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Enbra | EWM 1.7.29 |
Affected:
03.11.2019
|
Date Public
2021-08-31 00:00
Credits
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CVE-2021-33712 (GCVE-0-2021-33712)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-06-08 19:47 – Updated: 2024-08-03 23:58
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A vulnerability has been identified in Mendix SAML Module (All versions < V2.1.2). The configuration of the SAML module does not properly check various restrictions and validations imposed by an identity provider. This could allow a remote authenticated attacker to escalate privileges.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
- CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/s… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Siemens | Mendix SAML Module |
Affected:
All versions < V2.1.2
|
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No mitigation information available for this CWE.
CAPEC-111: JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking)
An attacker targets a system that uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as a transport mechanism between the client and the server (common in Web 2.0 systems using AJAX) to steal possibly confidential information transmitted from the server back to the client inside the JSON object by taking advantage of the loophole in the browser's Same Origin Policy that does not prohibit JavaScript from one website to be included and executed in the context of another website.
CAPEC-141: Cache Poisoning
An attacker exploits the functionality of cache technologies to cause specific data to be cached that aids the attackers' objectives. This describes any attack whereby an attacker places incorrect or harmful material in cache. The targeted cache can be an application's cache (e.g. a web browser cache) or a public cache (e.g. a DNS or ARP cache). Until the cache is refreshed, most applications or clients will treat the corrupted cache value as valid. This can lead to a wide range of exploits including redirecting web browsers towards sites that install malware and repeatedly incorrect calculations based on the incorrect value.
CAPEC-142: DNS Cache Poisoning
A domain name server translates a domain name (such as www.example.com) into an IP address that Internet hosts use to contact Internet resources. An adversary modifies a public DNS cache to cause certain names to resolve to incorrect addresses that the adversary specifies. The result is that client applications that rely upon the targeted cache for domain name resolution will be directed not to the actual address of the specified domain name but to some other address. Adversaries can use this to herd clients to sites that install malware on the victim's computer or to masquerade as part of a Pharming attack.
CAPEC-148: Content Spoofing
An adversary modifies content to make it contain something other than what the original content producer intended while keeping the apparent source of the content unchanged. The term content spoofing is most often used to describe modification of web pages hosted by a target to display the adversary's content instead of the owner's content. However, any content can be spoofed, including the content of email messages, file transfers, or the content of other network communication protocols. Content can be modified at the source (e.g. modifying the source file for a web page) or in transit (e.g. intercepting and modifying a message between the sender and recipient). Usually, the adversary will attempt to hide the fact that the content has been modified, but in some cases, such as with web site defacement, this is not necessary. Content Spoofing can lead to malware exposure, financial fraud (if the content governs financial transactions), privacy violations, and other unwanted outcomes.
CAPEC-218: Spoofing of UDDI/ebXML Messages
An attacker spoofs a UDDI, ebXML, or similar message in order to impersonate a service provider in an e-business transaction. UDDI, ebXML, and similar standards are used to identify businesses in e-business transactions. Among other things, they identify a particular participant, WSDL information for SOAP transactions, and supported communication protocols, including security protocols. By spoofing one of these messages an attacker could impersonate a legitimate business in a transaction or could manipulate the protocols used between a client and business. This could result in disclosure of sensitive information, loss of message integrity, or even financial fraud.
CAPEC-384: Application API Message Manipulation via Man-in-the-Middle
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages. Performing this attack can allow the attacker to gain unauthorized privileges within the application, or conduct attacks such as phishing, deceptive strategies to spread malware, or traditional web-application attacks. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to perform adversary-in-the-middle (CAPEC-94) communications between the web browser and the remote system. Despite the use of AiTH software, the attack is actually directed at the server, as the client is one node in a series of content brokers that pass information along to the application framework. Additionally, it is not true "Adversary-in-the-Middle" attack at the network layer, but an application-layer attack the root cause of which is the master applications trust in the integrity of code supplied by the client.
CAPEC-385: Transaction or Event Tampering via Application API Manipulation
An attacker hosts or joins an event or transaction within an application framework in order to change the content of messages or items that are being exchanged. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that look authentic but may contain deceptive links, substitute one item or another, spoof an existing item and conduct a false exchange, or otherwise change the amounts or identity of what is being exchanged. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to man-in-the-middle communications between the web browser and the remote system in order to change the content of various application elements. Often, items exchanged in game can be monetized via sales for coin, virtual dollars, etc. The purpose of the attack is for the attack to scam the victim by trapping the data packets involved the exchange and altering the integrity of the transfer process.
CAPEC-386: Application API Navigation Remapping
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of links/buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains links/buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination. Some applications make navigation remapping more difficult to detect because the actual HREF values of images, profile elements, and links/buttons are masked. One example would be to place an image in a user's photo gallery that when clicked upon redirected the user to an off-site location. Also, traditional web vulnerabilities (such as CSRF) can be constructed with remapped buttons or links. In some cases navigation remapping can be used for Phishing attacks or even means to artificially boost the page view, user site reputation, or click-fraud.
CAPEC-387: Navigation Remapping To Propagate Malicious Content
An adversary manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages and thereby circumvent the expected application logic.
CAPEC-388: Application API Button Hijacking
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination.
CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws
An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.
CAPEC-701: Browser in the Middle (BiTM)
An adversary exploits the inherent functionalities of a web browser, in order to establish an unnoticed remote desktop connection in the victim's browser to the adversary's system. The adversary must deploy a web client with a remote desktop session that the victim can access.