Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-348
AllowedUse of Less Trusted Source
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product has two different sources of the same data or information, but it uses the source that has less support for verification, is less trusted, or is less resistant to attack.
114 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2025-43918 (GCVE-0-2025-43918)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-19 00:00 – Updated: 2025-04-21 14:19 Exclusively Hosted Service
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
SSL.com before 2025-04-19, when domain validation method 3.2.2.4.14 is used, processes certificate requests such that a trusted TLS certificate may be issued for the domain name of a requester's email address, even when the requester does not otherwise establish administrative control of that domain.
Severity
6.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-348 - Use of Less Trusted Source
Assigner
References
Impacted products
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CVE-2025-32900 (GCVE-0-2025-32900)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-05 00:00 – Updated: 2025-12-05 14:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
In the KDE Connect information-exchange protocol before 2025-04-18, a packet can be crafted to temporarily change the displayed information about a device, because broadcast UDP is used. This affects KDE Connect before 1.33.0 on Android, KDE Connect before 25.04 on desktop, KDE Connect before 0.5 on iOS, Valent before 1.0.0.alpha.47, and GSConnect before 59.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-348 - Use of Less Trusted Source
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| KDE | KDE Connect information-exchange protocol |
Affected:
0 , < 2025-04-18
(custom)
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CVE-2025-27913 (GCVE-0-2025-27913)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-10 00:00 – Updated: 2025-03-11 02:52
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Passbolt API before 5, if the server is misconfigured (with an incorrect installation process and disregarding of Health Check results), can send email messages with a domain name taken from an attacker-controlled HTTP Host header.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-348 - Use of Less Trusted Source
Assigner
References
1 reference
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CVE-2025-24856 (GCVE-0-2025-24856)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-16 00:00 – Updated: 2025-03-17 15:44
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
An issue was discovered in the oidc (aka OpenID Connect Authentication) extension before 4.0.0 for TYPO3. The account linking logic allows a pre-hijacking attack, leading to Account Takeover. The attack can only be exploited if the following requirements are met: (1) an attacker can anticipate the e-mail address of the user, (2) an attacker can register a public frontend user account using that e-mail address before the user's first OIDC login, and (3) the IDP returns an email field containing the e-mail address of the user,
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-348 - Use of Less Trusted Source
Assigner
References
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CVE-2025-15154 (GCVE-0-2025-15154)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-28 21:02 – Updated: 2026-02-24 06:08
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
PbootCMS Header handle.php get_user_ip less trusted source
Summary
A security vulnerability has been detected in PbootCMS up to 3.2.12. The affected element is the function get_user_ip of the file core/function/handle.php of the component Header Handler. The manipulation of the argument X-Forwarded-For leads to use of less trusted source. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-348 - Use of Less Trusted Source
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.338532 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.338532 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.719818 | third-party-advisory |
| https://note-hxlab.wetolink.com/share/JyBNgF8JagWQ | exploit |
Impacted products
1 product
Credits
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CVE-2025-13694 (GCVE-0-2025-13694)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-07 09:20 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:32
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
AA Block country <= 1.0.1 - Unauthenticated IP Address Spoofing via X-Forwarded-For Header
Summary
The AA Block Country plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to IP Address Spoofing in versions up to, and including, 1.0.1. This is due to the plugin trusting user-supplied headers such as HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR to determine the client's IP address without proper validation or considering if the server is behind a trusted proxy. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to bypass IP-based access restrictions by spoofing their IP address via the X-Forwarded-For header.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-348 - Use of Less Trusted Source
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| aaextensions | AA Block country |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.0.1
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2025-1245 (GCVE-0-2025-1245)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-16 06:08 – Updated: 2025-05-16 15:40
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Bypass Connection Restriction Vulnerability in Hitachi Ops Center Analyzer
Summary
Bypass Connection Restriction vulnerability in Hitachi Infrastructure Analytics Advisor (Data Center Analytics component), Hitachi Ops Center Analyzer (Hitachi Ops Center Analyzer detail view component).This issue affects Hitachi Infrastructure Analytics Advisor:; Hitachi Ops Center Analyzer: from 10.0.0-00 before 11.0.4-00.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-348 - Use of Less Trusted Source
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.hitachi.com/products/it/software/secu… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hitachi | Hitachi Infrastructure Analytics Advisor |
Affected:
0 , ≤ *
(custom)
|
|
| Hitachi | Hitachi Ops Center Analyzer |
Affected:
10.0.0-00 , < 11.0.4-00
(custom)
|
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CVE-2024-54840 (GCVE-0-2024-54840)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-03 00:00 – Updated: 2025-02-19 22:51
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
PVWA (Password Vault Web Access) in CyberArk Privileged Access Manager Self-Hosted before 14.4 does not properly address environment issues that can contribute to Host header injection.
Severity
4.2 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-348 - Use of Less Trusted Source
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CyberArk | Privileged Access Manager |
Affected:
0 , < 14.4
(custom)
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CVE-2024-47880 (GCVE-0-2024-47880)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-10-24 20:21 – Updated: 2024-10-28 12:59
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
OpenRefine has a reflected cross-site scripting vulnerability from POST request in ExportRowsCommand
Summary
OpenRefine is a free, open source tool for working with messy data. Prior to version 3.8.3, the `export-rows` command can be used in such a way that it reflects part of the request verbatim, with a Content-Type header also taken from the request. An attacker could lead a user to a malicious page that submits a form POST that contains embedded JavaScript code. This code would then be included in the response, along with an attacker-controlled `Content-Type` header, and so potentially executed in the victim's browser as if it was part of OpenRefine. The attacker-provided code can do anything the user can do, including deleting projects, retrieving database passwords, or executing arbitrary Jython or Closure expressions, if those extensions are also present. The attacker must know a valid project ID of a project that contains at least one row. Version 3.8.3 fixes the issue.
Severity
8.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/OpenRefine/OpenRefine/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/OpenRefine/OpenRefine/commit/8… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| OpenRefine | OpenRefine |
Affected:
< 3.8.3
|
|
| openrefine | openrefine |
Affected:
0 , < 3.8.3
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:openrefine:openrefine:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2024-45410 (GCVE-0-2024-45410)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-19 22:51 – Updated: 2024-09-20 14:59
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
HTTP client can remove the X-Forwarded headers in Traefik
Summary
Traefik is a golang, Cloud Native Application Proxy. When a HTTP request is processed by Traefik, certain HTTP headers such as X-Forwarded-Host or X-Forwarded-Port are added by Traefik before the request is routed to the application. For a HTTP client, it should not be possible to remove or modify these headers. Since the application trusts the value of these headers, security implications might arise, if they can be modified. For HTTP/1.1, however, it was found that some of theses custom headers can indeed be removed and in certain cases manipulated. The attack relies on the HTTP/1.1 behavior, that headers can be defined as hop-by-hop via the HTTP Connection header. This issue has been addressed in release versions 2.11.9 and 3.1.3. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/traefik/traefik/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/traefik/traefik/releases/tag/v2.11.9 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/traefik/traefik/releases/tag/v3.1.3 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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"value": "Traefik is a golang, Cloud Native Application Proxy. When a HTTP request is processed by Traefik, certain HTTP headers such as X-Forwarded-Host or X-Forwarded-Port are added by Traefik before the request is routed to the application. For a HTTP client, it should not be possible to remove or modify these headers. Since the application trusts the value of these headers, security implications might arise, if they can be modified. For HTTP/1.1, however, it was found that some of theses custom headers can indeed be removed and in certain cases manipulated. The attack relies on the HTTP/1.1 behavior, that headers can be defined as hop-by-hop via the HTTP Connection header. This issue has been addressed in release versions 2.11.9 and 3.1.3. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 9.8,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-345",
"description": "CWE-345: Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-348",
"description": "CWE-348: Use of Less Trusted Source",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2024-09-19T22:51:02.622Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/traefik/traefik/security/advisories/GHSA-62c8-mh53-4cqv",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/traefik/traefik/security/advisories/GHSA-62c8-mh53-4cqv"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/traefik/traefik/releases/tag/v2.11.9",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/traefik/traefik/releases/tag/v2.11.9"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/traefik/traefik/releases/tag/v3.1.3",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/traefik/traefik/releases/tag/v3.1.3"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-62c8-mh53-4cqv",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "HTTP client can remove the X-Forwarded headers in Traefik"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2024-45410",
"datePublished": "2024-09-19T22:51:02.622Z",
"dateReserved": "2024-08-28T20:21:32.805Z",
"dateUpdated": "2024-09-20T14:59:42.914Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
No mitigation information available for this CWE.
CAPEC-141: Cache Poisoning
An attacker exploits the functionality of cache technologies to cause specific data to be cached that aids the attackers' objectives. This describes any attack whereby an attacker places incorrect or harmful material in cache. The targeted cache can be an application's cache (e.g. a web browser cache) or a public cache (e.g. a DNS or ARP cache). Until the cache is refreshed, most applications or clients will treat the corrupted cache value as valid. This can lead to a wide range of exploits including redirecting web browsers towards sites that install malware and repeatedly incorrect calculations based on the incorrect value.
CAPEC-142: DNS Cache Poisoning
A domain name server translates a domain name (such as www.example.com) into an IP address that Internet hosts use to contact Internet resources. An adversary modifies a public DNS cache to cause certain names to resolve to incorrect addresses that the adversary specifies. The result is that client applications that rely upon the targeted cache for domain name resolution will be directed not to the actual address of the specified domain name but to some other address. Adversaries can use this to herd clients to sites that install malware on the victim's computer or to masquerade as part of a Pharming attack.
CAPEC-73: User-Controlled Filename
An attack of this type involves an adversary inserting malicious characters (such as a XSS redirection) into a filename, directly or indirectly that is then used by the target software to generate HTML text or other potentially executable content. Many websites rely on user-generated content and dynamically build resources like files, filenames, and URL links directly from user supplied data. In this attack pattern, the attacker uploads code that can execute in the client browser and/or redirect the client browser to a site that the attacker owns. All XSS attack payload variants can be used to pass and exploit these vulnerabilities.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.
CAPEC-85: AJAX Footprinting
This attack utilizes the frequent client-server roundtrips in Ajax conversation to scan a system. While Ajax does not open up new vulnerabilities per se, it does optimize them from an attacker point of view. A common first step for an attacker is to footprint the target environment to understand what attacks will work. Since footprinting relies on enumeration, the conversational pattern of rapid, multiple requests and responses that are typical in Ajax applications enable an attacker to look for many vulnerabilities, well-known ports, network locations and so on. The knowledge gained through Ajax fingerprinting can be used to support other attacks, such as XSS.