CWE-352
AllowedCross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Abstraction: Compound · Status: Stable
The web application does not, or cannot, sufficiently verify whether a request was intentionally provided by the user who sent the request, which could have originated from an unauthorized actor.
14239 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-2WQG-W33R-QX37
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-28 09:31 – Updated: 2026-05-28 09:31The PeachPay — Payments & Express Checkout for WooCommerce (supports Stripe, PayPal, Square, Authorize.net, NMI) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 1.120.46. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on the peachpay_stripe_handle_admin_actions function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to permanently delete all stored Stripe credentials — including publishable keys, secret keys, webhook secrets, and Apple Pay configuration — from the WordPress database, disabling Stripe payment processing for the store via a forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-9618"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-28T08:16:37Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The PeachPay \u2014 Payments \u0026 Express Checkout for WooCommerce (supports Stripe, PayPal, Square, Authorize.net, NMI) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 1.120.46. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on the peachpay_stripe_handle_admin_actions function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to permanently delete all stored Stripe credentials \u2014 including publishable keys, secret keys, webhook secrets, and Apple Pay configuration \u2014 from the WordPress database, disabling Stripe payment processing for the store via a forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.",
"id": "GHSA-2wqg-w33r-qx37",
"modified": "2026-05-28T09:31:19Z",
"published": "2026-05-28T09:31:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-9618"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/peachpay-for-woocommerce/tags/1.120.23/core/admin/settings.php#L190"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/peachpay-for-woocommerce/tags/1.120.23/core/payments/stripe/functions.php#L612"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/peachpay-for-woocommerce/tags/1.120.23/core/payments/stripe/functions.php#L640"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/peachpay-for-woocommerce/tags/1.120.45/core/admin/settings.php#L190"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/peachpay-for-woocommerce/tags/1.120.45/core/payments/stripe/functions.php#L612"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/peachpay-for-woocommerce/tags/1.120.45/core/payments/stripe/functions.php#L640"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3550723%40peachpay-for-woocommerce\u0026new=3550723%40peachpay-for-woocommerce\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/2270b66f-b07c-44ce-b161-7b2123f8c21e?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2WQM-WJ66-JFHG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:51 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:23The Simple Membership plugin before 3.8.5 for WordPress has CSRF affecting the Bulk Operation section.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-14328"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-07-28T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The Simple Membership plugin before 3.8.5 for WordPress has CSRF affecting the Bulk Operation section.",
"id": "GHSA-2wqm-wj66-jfhg",
"modified": "2024-04-04T01:23:49Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:51:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-14328"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wordpress.org/plugins/simple-membership/#developers"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wpvulndb.com/vulnerabilities/9482"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/153801/WordPress-Simple-Membership-3.8.4-Cross-Site-Request-Forgery.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2WQP-2J8M-7925
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:56 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:56emlog v6.0.0 has CSRF via the admin/user.php?action=new URI.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-18316"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-10-15T04:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "emlog v6.0.0 has CSRF via the admin/user.php?action=new URI.",
"id": "GHSA-2wqp-2j8m-7925",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:56:12Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:56:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-18316"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/yanchongchong/swallow/issues/5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2WR3-VXCP-RXMC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-06 12:30 – Updated: 2026-03-06 18:31The WooCommerce WordPress plugin from versions 5.4.0 to 10.5.2 does not properly handle batch requests, which could allow unauthenticated users to make a logged in admin call non store/WC REST endpoints, and create arbitrary admin users via a CSRF attack for example.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-3589"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-06T10:16:22Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The WooCommerce WordPress plugin from versions 5.4.0 to 10.5.2 does not properly handle batch requests, which could allow unauthenticated users to make a logged in admin call non store/WC REST endpoints, and create arbitrary admin users via a CSRF attack for example.",
"id": "GHSA-2wr3-vxcp-rxmc",
"modified": "2026-03-06T18:31:13Z",
"published": "2026-03-06T12:30:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-3589"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://developer.woocommerce.com/2026/03/02/store-api-vulnerability-patched-in-woocommerce-5-4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/53ded097-274d-4850-82ee-620bf02f7553"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2WRH-HM5Q-2H33
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-31 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:26A Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) in Guanzhou Tozed Kangwei Intelligent Technology ZLTS10G software version S10G_3.11.6 allows attackers to takeover user accounts via sending a crafted POST request to /goform/goform_set_cmd_process.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-33534"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-31T14:15:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) in Guanzhou Tozed Kangwei Intelligent Technology ZLTS10G software version S10G_3.11.6 allows attackers to takeover user accounts via sending a crafted POST request to /goform/goform_set_cmd_process.",
"id": "GHSA-2wrh-hm5q-2h33",
"modified": "2024-04-04T06:26:36Z",
"published": "2023-07-31T15:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-33534"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rodelllemit.medium.com/cve-2023-33534-account-takeover-through-csrf-vulnerability-461de6f1b696"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2WVV-VGGF-GGR9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:54 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:44A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco IOS XE New Generation Wireless Controller (NGWC) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to conduct a cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attack and perform arbitrary actions on an affected device. The vulnerability is due to insufficient CSRF protections for the web-based management interface of the affected software. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by persuading a user of the interface to follow a crafted link. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to perform arbitrary actions on an affected device by using a web browser and with the privileges of the user.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-12624"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-08-21T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco IOS XE New Generation Wireless Controller (NGWC) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to conduct a cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attack and perform arbitrary actions on an affected device. The vulnerability is due to insufficient CSRF protections for the web-based management interface of the affected software. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by persuading a user of the interface to follow a crafted link. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to perform arbitrary actions on an affected device by using a web browser and with the privileges of the user.",
"id": "GHSA-2wvv-vggf-ggr9",
"modified": "2024-04-04T01:44:35Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:54:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-12624"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20190821-iosxe-ngwc-csrf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2WW2-4H6W-CC6C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-14 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-18 00:00The Email Users WordPress plugin through 4.8.8 does not have CSRF check in place when updating its settings, which could allow attackers to make a logged in admin change them via a CSRF attack and change the notification settings of arbitrary users
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-1605"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-06-13T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Email Users WordPress plugin through 4.8.8 does not have CSRF check in place when updating its settings, which could allow attackers to make a logged in admin change them via a CSRF attack and change the notification settings of arbitrary users",
"id": "GHSA-2ww2-4h6w-cc6c",
"modified": "2022-06-18T00:00:19Z",
"published": "2022-06-14T00:00:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-1605"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/a1b69615-690a-423b-afdf-729dcd32bc2f"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2WWH-QGH8-W9XW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-20 18:30 – Updated: 2023-09-21 21:37Jenkins Build Failure Analyzer Plugin 2.4.1 and earlier does not require POST requests for an HTTP endpoint, resulting in cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities.
This vulnerability allows attackers to delete Failure Causes.
Build Failure Analyzer Plugin 2.4.2 requires POST requests for the affected HTTP endpoint.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "com.sonyericsson.jenkins.plugins.bfa:build-failure-analyzer"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.4.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-43502"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-09-21T21:37:37Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-09-20T17:15:12Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Jenkins Build Failure Analyzer Plugin 2.4.1 and earlier does not require POST requests for an HTTP endpoint, resulting in cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerabilities.\n\nThis vulnerability allows attackers to delete Failure Causes.\n\nBuild Failure Analyzer Plugin 2.4.2 requires POST requests for the affected HTTP endpoint.",
"id": "GHSA-2wwh-qgh8-w9xw",
"modified": "2023-09-21T21:37:37Z",
"published": "2023-09-20T18:30:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-43502"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/build-failure-analyzer-plugin/commit/a261229a67c52927d531c48ec0a59bf138ebd4d0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2023-09-20/#SECURITY-3239"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/09/20/5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Jenkins Build Failure Analyzer Plugin Cross-Site Request Forgery vulnerability"
}
GHSA-2WXV-94XF-VQV2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 03:38 – Updated: 2022-05-02 03:38The implementation of Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) in WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 4.0.4 and Google Chrome before 3.0.195.33, includes certain custom HTTP headers in the OPTIONS request during cross-origin operations with preflight, which makes it easier for remote attackers to conduct cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attacks via a crafted web page.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2009-2816"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2009-11-13T15:30:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The implementation of Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) in WebKit, as used in Apple Safari before 4.0.4 and Google Chrome before 3.0.195.33, includes certain custom HTTP headers in the OPTIONS request during cross-origin operations with preflight, which makes it easier for remote attackers to conduct cross-site request forgery (CSRF) attacks via a crafted web page.",
"id": "GHSA-2wxv-94xf-vqv2",
"modified": "2022-05-02T03:38:54Z",
"published": "2022-05-02T03:38:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-2816"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=525789"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/54239"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A6516"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-package-announce/2009-November/msg00545.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-package-announce/2009-November/msg00549.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2009/Nov/msg00001.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2010/Jun/msg00003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2011-01/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://osvdb.org/59940"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://osvdb.org/59967"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/37346"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/37358"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/37393"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/37397"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/43068"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://support.apple.com/kb/HT3949"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://support.apple.com/kb/HT4225"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/36997"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id?1023165"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2009/3217"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2009/3233"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2011/0212"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-2X2C-H542-WHV5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:56 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:56An issue was discovered in Joomla! before 3.8.13. com_installer actions do not have sufficient CSRF hardening in the backend.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-17858"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-352"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-10-09T21:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Joomla! before 3.8.13. com_installer actions do not have sufficient CSRF hardening in the backend.",
"id": "GHSA-2x2c-h542-whv5",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:56:35Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:56:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-17858"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://developer.joomla.org/security-centre/755-20181005-core-csrf-hardening-in-com-installer.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105559"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041914"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-4
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
- For example, use anti-CSRF packages such as the OWASP CSRFGuard. [REF-330]
- Another example is the ESAPI Session Management control, which includes a component for CSRF. [REF-45]
Mitigation
Ensure that the application is free of cross-site scripting issues (CWE-79), because most CSRF defenses can be bypassed using attacker-controlled script.
Mitigation
Generate a unique nonce for each form, place the nonce into the form, and verify the nonce upon receipt of the form. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330). [REF-332]
Mitigation
Identify especially dangerous operations. When the user performs a dangerous operation, send a separate confirmation request to ensure that the user intended to perform that operation.
Mitigation
- Use the "double-submitted cookie" method as described by Felten and Zeller:
- When a user visits a site, the site should generate a pseudorandom value and set it as a cookie on the user's machine. The site should require every form submission to include this value as a form value and also as a cookie value. When a POST request is sent to the site, the request should only be considered valid if the form value and the cookie value are the same.
- Because of the same-origin policy, an attacker cannot read or modify the value stored in the cookie. To successfully submit a form on behalf of the user, the attacker would have to correctly guess the pseudorandom value. If the pseudorandom value is cryptographically strong, this will be prohibitively difficult.
- This technique requires Javascript, so it may not work for browsers that have Javascript disabled. [REF-331]
Mitigation
Do not use the GET method for any request that triggers a state change.
Mitigation
Check the HTTP Referer header to see if the request originated from an expected page. This could break legitimate functionality, because users or proxies may have disabled sending the Referer for privacy reasons.
CAPEC-111: JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking)
An attacker targets a system that uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as a transport mechanism between the client and the server (common in Web 2.0 systems using AJAX) to steal possibly confidential information transmitted from the server back to the client inside the JSON object by taking advantage of the loophole in the browser's Same Origin Policy that does not prohibit JavaScript from one website to be included and executed in the context of another website.
CAPEC-462: Cross-Domain Search Timing
An attacker initiates cross domain HTTP / GET requests and times the server responses. The timing of these responses may leak important information on what is happening on the server. Browser's same origin policy prevents the attacker from directly reading the server responses (in the absence of any other weaknesses), but does not prevent the attacker from timing the responses to requests that the attacker issued cross domain.
CAPEC-467: Cross Site Identification
An attacker harvests identifying information about a victim via an active session that the victim's browser has with a social networking site. A victim may have the social networking site open in one tab or perhaps is simply using the "remember me" feature to keep their session with the social networking site active. An attacker induces a payload to execute in the victim's browser that transparently to the victim initiates a request to the social networking site (e.g., via available social network site APIs) to retrieve identifying information about a victim. While some of this information may be public, the attacker is able to harvest this information in context and may use it for further attacks on the user (e.g., spear phishing).
CAPEC-62: Cross Site Request Forgery
An attacker crafts malicious web links and distributes them (via web pages, email, etc.), typically in a targeted manner, hoping to induce users to click on the link and execute the malicious action against some third-party application. If successful, the action embedded in the malicious link will be processed and accepted by the targeted application with the users' privilege level. This type of attack leverages the persistence and implicit trust placed in user session cookies by many web applications today. In such an architecture, once the user authenticates to an application and a session cookie is created on the user's system, all following transactions for that session are authenticated using that cookie including potential actions initiated by an attacker and simply "riding" the existing session cookie.