CWE-362
Allowed-with-ReviewConcurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product contains a concurrent code sequence that requires temporary, exclusive access to a shared resource, but a timing window exists in which the shared resource can be modified by another code sequence operating concurrently.
2902 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-73PG-2QFC-2CFM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:11 – Updated: 2023-07-02 15:30A use-after-free in function hci_sock_bound_ioctl() of the Linux kernel HCI subsystem was found in the way user calls ioct HCIUNBLOCKADDR or other way triggers race condition of the call hci_unregister_dev() together with one of the calls hci_sock_blacklist_add(), hci_sock_blacklist_del(), hci_get_conn_info(), hci_get_auth_info(). A privileged local user could use this flaw to crash the system or escalate their privileges on the system. This flaw affects the Linux kernel versions prior to 5.13-rc5.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-3573"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-08-13T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A use-after-free in function hci_sock_bound_ioctl() of the Linux kernel HCI subsystem was found in the way user calls ioct HCIUNBLOCKADDR or other way triggers race condition of the call hci_unregister_dev() together with one of the calls hci_sock_blacklist_add(), hci_sock_blacklist_del(), hci_get_conn_info(), hci_get_auth_info(). A privileged local user could use this flaw to crash the system or escalate their privileges on the system. This flaw affects the Linux kernel versions prior to 5.13-rc5.",
"id": "GHSA-73pg-2qfc-2cfm",
"modified": "2023-07-02T15:30:14Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:11:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-3573"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1966578"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bluetooth/bluetooth.git/commit/?id=e305509e678b3a4af2b3cfd410f409f7cdaabb52"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/06/08/2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/07/02/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-73XW-QXGF-J8C4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-02 15:30 – Updated: 2025-03-05 15:30In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ALSA: pcm: oss: Fix race at SNDCTL_DSP_SYNC
There is a small race window at snd_pcm_oss_sync() that is called from OSS PCM SNDCTL_DSP_SYNC ioctl; namely the function calls snd_pcm_oss_make_ready() at first, then takes the params_lock mutex for the rest. When the stream is set up again by another thread between them, it leads to inconsistency, and may result in unexpected results such as NULL dereference of OSS buffer as a fuzzer spotted recently.
The fix is simply to cover snd_pcm_oss_make_ready() call into the same params_lock mutex with snd_pcm_oss_make_ready_locked() variant.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-49733"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362",
"CWE-476"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-02T15:15:11Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nALSA: pcm: oss: Fix race at SNDCTL_DSP_SYNC\n\nThere is a small race window at snd_pcm_oss_sync() that is called from\nOSS PCM SNDCTL_DSP_SYNC ioctl; namely the function calls\nsnd_pcm_oss_make_ready() at first, then takes the params_lock mutex\nfor the rest. When the stream is set up again by another thread\nbetween them, it leads to inconsistency, and may result in unexpected\nresults such as NULL dereference of OSS buffer as a fuzzer spotted\nrecently.\n\nThe fix is simply to cover snd_pcm_oss_make_ready() call into the same\nparams_lock mutex with snd_pcm_oss_make_ready_locked() variant.",
"id": "GHSA-73xw-qxgf-j8c4",
"modified": "2025-03-05T15:30:51Z",
"published": "2025-03-02T15:30:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-49733"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4051324a6dafd7053c74c475e80b3ba10ae672b0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/723ac5ab2891b6c10dd6cc78ef5456af593490eb"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8015ef9e8a0ee5cecfd0cb6805834d007ab26f86"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8423f0b6d513b259fdab9c9bf4aaa6188d054c2d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fce793a056c604b41a298317cf704dae255f1b36"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7428-XFVG-X3QJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-16 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-16 00:00Windows DNS Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2022-24536, CVE-2022-26811, CVE-2022-26812, CVE-2022-26813, CVE-2022-26814, CVE-2022-26815, CVE-2022-26818, CVE-2022-26819, CVE-2022-26820, CVE-2022-26821, CVE-2022-26822, CVE-2022-26823, CVE-2022-26824, CVE-2022-26825, CVE-2022-26826, CVE-2022-26829.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-26817"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-04-15T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Windows DNS Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2022-24536, CVE-2022-26811, CVE-2022-26812, CVE-2022-26813, CVE-2022-26814, CVE-2022-26815, CVE-2022-26818, CVE-2022-26819, CVE-2022-26820, CVE-2022-26821, CVE-2022-26822, CVE-2022-26823, CVE-2022-26824, CVE-2022-26825, CVE-2022-26826, CVE-2022-26829.",
"id": "GHSA-7428-xfvg-x3qj",
"modified": "2022-04-16T00:00:31Z",
"published": "2022-04-16T00:00:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-26817"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-26817"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2022-26817"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-745G-XCGM-MJ62
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:24 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:24Race condition in the IP implementation in the Linux kernel before 3.0 might allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (slab corruption and system crash) by sending packets to an application that sets socket options during the handling of network traffic.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2012-3552"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2012-10-03T11:02:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Race condition in the IP implementation in the Linux kernel before 3.0 might allow remote attackers to cause a denial of service (slab corruption and system crash) by sending packets to an application that sets socket options during the handling of network traffic.",
"id": "GHSA-745g-xcgm-mj62",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:24:56Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:24:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-3552"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/f6d8bd051c391c1c0458a30b2a7abcd939329259"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=853465"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/linux/kernel/v3.0/ChangeLog-3.0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git%3Ba=commit%3Bh=f6d8bd051c391c1c0458a30b2a7abcd939329259"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git;a=commit;h=f6d8bd051c391c1c0458a30b2a7abcd939329259"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2012-1540.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2012/08/31/11"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-74GR-74X4-WGGV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:57 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:04In the Easel driver, there is possible memory corruption due to race conditions. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-112312381
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-2189"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-09-27T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In the Easel driver, there is possible memory corruption due to race conditions. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-112312381",
"id": "GHSA-74gr-74x4-wggv",
"modified": "2024-04-04T02:04:07Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:57:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-2189"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2019-09-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-74HF-26W7-48XJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-20 18:30 – Updated: 2025-12-16 21:30In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
USB: wdm: close race between wdm_open and wdm_wwan_port_stop
Clearing WDM_WWAN_IN_USE must be the last action or we can open a chardev whose URBs are still poisoned
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-37985"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-20T18:15:45Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nUSB: wdm: close race between wdm_open and wdm_wwan_port_stop\n\nClearing WDM_WWAN_IN_USE must be the last action or\nwe can open a chardev whose URBs are still poisoned",
"id": "GHSA-74hf-26w7-48xj",
"modified": "2025-12-16T21:30:49Z",
"published": "2025-05-20T18:30:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-37985"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/217fe1fc7d112595a793e02b306710e702eac492"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/52ae15c665b5fe5876655aaccc3ef70560b0e314"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/54f7f8978af19f899dec80bcc71c8d4855dfbd72"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b02a3fef3e8c8fe5a0a266f7a14f38cc608fb167"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c1846ed4eb527bdfe6b3b7dd2c78e2af4bf98f4f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e3c9adc69357fcbe6253a2bc2588ee4bbaaedbe9"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00045.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-74MX-4MR5-G3WP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-12 18:30 – Updated: 2026-05-12 18:30Use after free in Windows Cloud Files Mini Filter Driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-34337"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-12T18:17:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Use after free in Windows Cloud Files Mini Filter Driver allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
"id": "GHSA-74mx-4mr5-g3wp",
"modified": "2026-05-12T18:30:42Z",
"published": "2026-05-12T18:30:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-34337"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-34337"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-74XP-VM35-RPJW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-18 12:00 – Updated: 2022-10-22 12:00A vulnerability has been found in Linux Kernel and classified as problematic. This vulnerability affects the function inet6_stream_ops/inet6_dgram_ops of the component IPv6 Handler. The manipulation leads to race condition. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. VDB-211090 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-3567"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-17T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been found in Linux Kernel and classified as problematic. This vulnerability affects the function inet6_stream_ops/inet6_dgram_ops of the component IPv6 Handler. The manipulation leads to race condition. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. VDB-211090 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-74xp-vm35-rpjw",
"modified": "2022-10-22T12:00:26Z",
"published": "2022-10-18T12:00:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-3567"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/commit/?id=364f997b5cfe1db0d63a390fe7c801fa2b3115f6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.211090"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-752F-63G3-9W4C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:30 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:30When DNS filtering is enabled on Juniper Networks Junos MX Series with one of the following cards MS-PIC, MS-MIC or MS-MPC, an incoming stream of packets processed by the Multiservices PIC Management Daemon (mspmand) process might be bypassed due to a race condition. Due to this vulnerability, mspmand process, responsible for managing "URL Filtering service", can crash, causing the Services PIC to restart. While the Services PIC is restarting, all PIC services including DNS filtering service (DNS sink holing) will be bypassed until the Services PIC completes its boot process. This issue affects Juniper Networks Junos OS: 17.3 versions prior to 17.3R3-S8; 18.3 versions prior to 18.3R3-S1; 18.4 versions prior to 18.4R3; 19.1 versions prior to 19.1R3; 19.2 versions prior to 19.2R2; 19.3 versions prior to 19.3R3. This issue does not affect Juniper Networks Junos OS 17.4, 18.1, and 18.2.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-1667"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-10-16T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "When DNS filtering is enabled on Juniper Networks Junos MX Series with one of the following cards MS-PIC, MS-MIC or MS-MPC, an incoming stream of packets processed by the Multiservices PIC Management Daemon (mspmand) process might be bypassed due to a race condition. Due to this vulnerability, mspmand process, responsible for managing \"URL Filtering service\", can crash, causing the Services PIC to restart. While the Services PIC is restarting, all PIC services including DNS filtering service (DNS sink holing) will be bypassed until the Services PIC completes its boot process. This issue affects Juniper Networks Junos OS: 17.3 versions prior to 17.3R3-S8; 18.3 versions prior to 18.3R3-S1; 18.4 versions prior to 18.4R3; 19.1 versions prior to 19.1R3; 19.2 versions prior to 19.2R2; 19.3 versions prior to 19.3R3. This issue does not affect Juniper Networks Junos OS 17.4, 18.1, and 18.2.",
"id": "GHSA-752f-63g3-9w4c",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:30:51Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:30:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-1667"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://kb.juniper.net"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://kb.juniper.net/InfoCenter/index?page=content\u0026id=JSA11064\u0026cat=MX_SERIES\u0026actp=LIST"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-7552-RX4G-HPQV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-16 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-16 00:00Windows DNS Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2022-24536, CVE-2022-26811, CVE-2022-26812, CVE-2022-26813, CVE-2022-26815, CVE-2022-26817, CVE-2022-26818, CVE-2022-26819, CVE-2022-26820, CVE-2022-26821, CVE-2022-26822, CVE-2022-26823, CVE-2022-26824, CVE-2022-26825, CVE-2022-26826, CVE-2022-26829.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-26814"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-04-15T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Windows DNS Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2022-24536, CVE-2022-26811, CVE-2022-26812, CVE-2022-26813, CVE-2022-26815, CVE-2022-26817, CVE-2022-26818, CVE-2022-26819, CVE-2022-26820, CVE-2022-26821, CVE-2022-26822, CVE-2022-26823, CVE-2022-26824, CVE-2022-26825, CVE-2022-26826, CVE-2022-26829.",
"id": "GHSA-7552-rx4g-hpqv",
"modified": "2022-04-16T00:00:32Z",
"published": "2022-04-16T00:00:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-26814"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-26814"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2022-26814"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
In languages that support it, use synchronization primitives. Only wrap these around critical code to minimize the impact on performance.
Mitigation
Use thread-safe capabilities such as the data access abstraction in Spring.
Mitigation
- Minimize the usage of shared resources in order to remove as much complexity as possible from the control flow and to reduce the likelihood of unexpected conditions occurring.
- Additionally, this will minimize the amount of synchronization necessary and may even help to reduce the likelihood of a denial of service where an attacker may be able to repeatedly trigger a critical section (CWE-400).
Mitigation
When using multithreading and operating on shared variables, only use thread-safe functions.
Mitigation
Use atomic operations on shared variables. Be wary of innocent-looking constructs such as "x++". This may appear atomic at the code layer, but it is actually non-atomic at the instruction layer, since it involves a read, followed by a computation, followed by a write.
Mitigation
Use a mutex if available, but be sure to avoid related weaknesses such as CWE-412.
Mitigation
Avoid double-checked locking (CWE-609) and other implementation errors that arise when trying to avoid the overhead of synchronization.
Mitigation
Disable interrupts or signals over critical parts of the code, but also make sure that the code does not go into a large or infinite loop.
Mitigation
Use the volatile type modifier for critical variables to avoid unexpected compiler optimization or reordering. This does not necessarily solve the synchronization problem, but it can help.
Mitigation MIT-17
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
CAPEC-26: Leveraging Race Conditions
The adversary targets a race condition occurring when multiple processes access and manipulate the same resource concurrently, and the outcome of the execution depends on the particular order in which the access takes place. The adversary can leverage a race condition by "running the race", modifying the resource and modifying the normal execution flow. For instance, a race condition can occur while accessing a file: the adversary can trick the system by replacing the original file with their version and cause the system to read the malicious file.
CAPEC-29: Leveraging Time-of-Check and Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Conditions
This attack targets a race condition occurring between the time of check (state) for a resource and the time of use of a resource. A typical example is file access. The adversary can leverage a file access race condition by "running the race", meaning that they would modify the resource between the first time the target program accesses the file and the time the target program uses the file. During that period of time, the adversary could replace or modify the file, causing the application to behave unexpectedly.