Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-362

Allowed-with-Review

Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

The product contains a concurrent code sequence that requires temporary, exclusive access to a shared resource, but a timing window exists in which the shared resource can be modified by another code sequence operating concurrently.

2909 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-R9CF-CV4J-26QV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-25 06:30 – Updated: 2024-03-25 03:31
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel through 6.0.9. drivers/media/dvb-core/dvb_net.c has a .disconnect versus dvb_device_open race condition that leads to a use-after-free.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-45886"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-11-25T04:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in the Linux kernel through 6.0.9. drivers/media/dvb-core/dvb_net.c has a .disconnect versus dvb_device_open race condition that leads to a use-after-free.",
  "id": "GHSA-r9cf-cv4j-26qv",
  "modified": "2024-03-25T03:31:43Z",
  "published": "2022-11-25T06:30:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-45886"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=4172385b0c9ac366dcab78eda48c26814b87ed1a"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lore.kernel.org/linux-media/20221115131822.6640-1-imv4bel%40gmail.com"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lore.kernel.org/linux-media/20221115131822.6640-1-imv4bel@gmail.com"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lore.kernel.org/linux-media/20221115131822.6640-3-imv4bel%40gmail.com"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lore.kernel.org/linux-media/20221115131822.6640-3-imv4bel@gmail.com"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230113-0006"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-R9FG-3G6M-68G9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 05:25 – Updated: 2022-05-17 05:25
VLAI
Details

Sophos SafeGuard Enterprise Device Encryption 5.x through 5.50.8.13, Sophos SafeGuard Easy Device Encryption Client 5.50.x, and Sophos Disk Encryption 5.50.x have a delay before removal of (1) out-of-date credentials and (2) invalid credentials, which allows physically proximate attackers to defeat the full-disk encryption feature by leveraging knowledge of these credentials.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2011-5117"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2012-08-24T10:36:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Sophos SafeGuard Enterprise Device Encryption 5.x through 5.50.8.13, Sophos SafeGuard Easy Device Encryption Client 5.50.x, and Sophos Disk Encryption 5.50.x have a delay before removal of (1) out-of-date credentials and (2) invalid credentials, which allows physically proximate attackers to defeat the full-disk encryption feature by leveraging knowledge of these credentials.",
  "id": "GHSA-r9fg-3g6m-68g9",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T05:25:07Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T05:25:07Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2011-5117"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.sophos.com/en-us/support/knowledgebase/112655.aspx"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-R9P3-38M2-QXQ8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:51 – Updated: 2022-05-24 16:51
VLAI
Details

A race condition is present in the crash generation server used to generate data for the crash reporter. This issue can lead to a use-after-free in the main process, resulting in a potentially exploitable crash and a sandbox escape. Note: this vulnerability only affects Windows. Other operating systems are unaffected.. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird < 60.7, Firefox < 67, and Firefox ESR < 60.7.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-9818"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-07-23T14:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A race condition is present in the crash generation server used to generate data for the crash reporter. This issue can lead to a use-after-free in the main process, resulting in a potentially exploitable crash and a sandbox escape. *Note: this vulnerability only affects Windows. Other operating systems are unaffected.*. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird \u003c 60.7, Firefox \u003c 67, and Firefox ESR \u003c 60.7.",
  "id": "GHSA-r9p3-38m2-qxq8",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T16:51:03Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:51:03Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-9818"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1542581"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-13"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-14"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-15"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-RC42-M3MV-GV4M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:02 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:02
VLAI
Details

net/sctp/sm_sideeffect.c in the Linux kernel before 4.3 does not properly manage the relationship between a lock and a socket, which allows local users to cause a denial of service (deadlock) via a crafted sctp_accept call.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2015-8767"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2016-02-08T03:59:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "net/sctp/sm_sideeffect.c in the Linux kernel before 4.3 does not properly manage the relationship between a lock and a socket, which allows local users to cause a denial of service (deadlock) via a crafted sctp_accept call.",
  "id": "GHSA-rc42-m3mv-gv4m",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T03:02:45Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T03:02:45Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-8767"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/635682a14427d241bab7bbdeebb48a7d7b91638e"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016:1277"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016:1301"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016:1341"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1297389"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=635682a14427d241bab7bbdeebb48a7d7b91638e"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2016-February/176484.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-03/msg00094.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-04/msg00015.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-04/msg00045.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-08/msg00038.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-0715.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2016/dsa-3448"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2016/dsa-3503"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/01/11/4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/linuxbulletinapr2016-2952096.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/linuxbulletinjul2016-3090544.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/80268"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2930-1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2930-2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2930-3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2931-1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2932-1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2967-1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2967-2"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-RCC4-XH8R-MF9W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 03:18 – Updated: 2022-05-02 03:18
VLAI
Details

Race condition in the SystemTap stap tool 0.0.20080705 and 0.0.20090314 allows local users in the stapusr group to insert arbitrary SystemTap kernel modules and gain privileges via unknown vectors.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2009-0784"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2009-03-25T23:30:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Race condition in the SystemTap stap tool 0.0.20080705 and 0.0.20090314 allows local users in the stapusr group to insert arbitrary SystemTap kernel modules and gain privileges via unknown vectors.",
  "id": "GHSA-rcc4-xh8r-mf9w",
  "modified": "2022-05-02T03:18:15Z",
  "published": "2022-05-02T03:18:15Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-0784"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A11613"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/34441"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/34479"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/34548"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://support.avaya.com/elmodocs2/security/ASA-2009-110.htm"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2009/dsa-1755"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.redhat.com/support/errata/RHSA-2009-0373.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2009/0907"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-RCF7-88XJ-WGJC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-12 00:01 – Updated: 2022-08-14 00:00
VLAI
Details

In st21nfc_loc_set_polaritymode of fc/st21nfc.c, there is a possible use after free due to a race condition. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-208269510References: N/A

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-20373"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-08-11T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In st21nfc_loc_set_polaritymode of fc/st21nfc.c, there is a possible use after free due to a race condition. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-208269510References: N/A",
  "id": "GHSA-rcf7-88xj-wgjc",
  "modified": "2022-08-14T00:00:22Z",
  "published": "2022-08-12T00:01:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-20373"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2022-08-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-RCG6-223Q-X4Q3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-12 00:31 – Updated: 2025-03-12 00:31
VLAI
Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ipv4: Fix a data-race around sysctl_fib_sync_mem.

While reading sysctl_fib_sync_mem, it can be changed concurrently. So, we need to add READ_ONCE() to avoid a data-race.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-49637"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-02-26T07:01:38Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nipv4: Fix a data-race around sysctl_fib_sync_mem.\n\nWhile reading sysctl_fib_sync_mem, it can be changed concurrently.\nSo, we need to add READ_ONCE() to avoid a data-race.",
  "id": "GHSA-rcg6-223q-x4q3",
  "modified": "2025-03-12T00:31:47Z",
  "published": "2025-03-12T00:31:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-49637"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/190cd4ff128373271e065afb20f1d2247b3f10c3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/418b191d5f223a8cb6cab09eae1f72c04ba6adf2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/73318c4b7dbd0e781aaababff17376b2894745c0"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7c1acd98fb221dc0d847451b9ab86319f8b9916c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9be8aac91960ea32fd0e874758c9afee665c57d2"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-RCJ6-P7VW-PM6C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-26 18:31 – Updated: 2026-05-26 18:31
VLAI
Details

NVIDIA Display Driver for Linux contains a vulnerability in a kernel module, where a user could cause a race condition by reordering compiler or processor memory instructions. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to denial of service.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-24199"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-26T18:16:38Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "NVIDIA Display Driver for Linux contains a vulnerability in a kernel module, where a user could cause a race condition by reordering compiler or processor memory instructions. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to denial of service.",
  "id": "GHSA-rcj6-p7vw-pm6c",
  "modified": "2026-05-26T18:31:49Z",
  "published": "2026-05-26T18:31:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-24199"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/5821"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-24199"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-RCJV-MWFQ-26G9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-12 12:00 – Updated: 2022-10-13 12:00
VLAI
Details

In dllist_remove_node of TBD, there is a possible use after free bug due to a race condition. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android SoCAndroid ID: A-242344778

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-0696"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-10-11T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In dllist_remove_node of TBD, there is a possible use after free bug due to a race condition. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android SoCAndroid ID: A-242344778",
  "id": "GHSA-rcjv-mwfq-26g9",
  "modified": "2022-10-13T12:00:26Z",
  "published": "2022-10-12T12:00:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-0696"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2022-10-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-RCRV-64P3-PX35

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-01-19 00:01 – Updated: 2022-03-17 00:06
VLAI
Details

A read-after-free memory flaw was found in the Linux kernel's garbage collection for Unix domain socket file handlers in the way users call close() and fget() simultaneously and can potentially trigger a race condition. This flaw allows a local user to crash the system or escalate their privileges on the system. This flaw affects Linux kernel versions prior to 5.16-rc4.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-4083"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-362",
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-01-18T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A read-after-free memory flaw was found in the Linux kernel\u0027s garbage collection for Unix domain socket file handlers in the way users call close() and fget() simultaneously and can potentially trigger a race condition. This flaw allows a local user to crash the system or escalate their privileges on the system. This flaw affects Linux kernel versions prior to 5.16-rc4.",
  "id": "GHSA-rcrv-64p3-px35",
  "modified": "2022-03-17T00:06:14Z",
  "published": "2022-01-19T00:01:06Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-4083"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2029923"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=054aa8d439b9"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/03/msg00011.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/03/msg00012.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20220217-0005"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5096"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2022.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

In languages that support it, use synchronization primitives. Only wrap these around critical code to minimize the impact on performance.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use thread-safe capabilities such as the data access abstraction in Spring.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Minimize the usage of shared resources in order to remove as much complexity as possible from the control flow and to reduce the likelihood of unexpected conditions occurring.
  • Additionally, this will minimize the amount of synchronization necessary and may even help to reduce the likelihood of a denial of service where an attacker may be able to repeatedly trigger a critical section (CWE-400).
Mitigation
Implementation

When using multithreading and operating on shared variables, only use thread-safe functions.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use atomic operations on shared variables. Be wary of innocent-looking constructs such as "x++". This may appear atomic at the code layer, but it is actually non-atomic at the instruction layer, since it involves a read, followed by a computation, followed by a write.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use a mutex if available, but be sure to avoid related weaknesses such as CWE-412.

Mitigation
Implementation

Avoid double-checked locking (CWE-609) and other implementation errors that arise when trying to avoid the overhead of synchronization.

Mitigation
Implementation

Disable interrupts or signals over critical parts of the code, but also make sure that the code does not go into a large or infinite loop.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use the volatile type modifier for critical variables to avoid unexpected compiler optimization or reordering. This does not necessarily solve the synchronization problem, but it can help.

Mitigation MIT-17
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.

CAPEC-26: Leveraging Race Conditions

The adversary targets a race condition occurring when multiple processes access and manipulate the same resource concurrently, and the outcome of the execution depends on the particular order in which the access takes place. The adversary can leverage a race condition by "running the race", modifying the resource and modifying the normal execution flow. For instance, a race condition can occur while accessing a file: the adversary can trick the system by replacing the original file with their version and cause the system to read the malicious file.

CAPEC-29: Leveraging Time-of-Check and Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Conditions

This attack targets a race condition occurring between the time of check (state) for a resource and the time of use of a resource. A typical example is file access. The adversary can leverage a file access race condition by "running the race", meaning that they would modify the resource between the first time the target program accesses the file and the time the target program uses the file. During that period of time, the adversary could replace or modify the file, causing the application to behave unexpectedly.