Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-367
AllowedTime-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product checks the state of a resource before using that resource, but the resource's state can change between the check and the use in a way that invalidates the results of the check.
1278 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-78464 (GCVE-0-2026-78464)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-08 17:18 – Updated: 2026-09-16 21:58
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Windows MIDI Service Module Elevation of Privileges Vulnerability
Summary
Time-of-check time-of-use (toctou) race condition in Windows MIDI Service Module allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-09 04:22 UTC
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.9445
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 25H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26200.0 , < 10.0.26200.9445
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 26H1 |
Affected:
10.0.28000.0 , < 10.0.28000.2954
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-09-08 14:00
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CVE-2026-78422 (GCVE-0-2026-78422)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-31 14:14 – Updated: 2026-09-01 14:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
zbus_polkit: polkit authorization bypass via PID reuse due to incorrect D-Bus type for the subject UID
Summary
Subject::new_for_owner() in the zbus_polkit crate encodes the uid entry of a unix-process polkit subject as an unsigned 32-bit integer (D-Bus type u), whereas the org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1.Authority interface specifies a signed 32-bit integer (D-Bus type i). Because of this type mismatch, polkit silently discards the caller-supplied UID and instead determines the subject's owner itself by looking up the PID in /proc, a lookup that is inherently subject to a time-of-check/time-of-use race.
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This issue affects zbus_polkit before 5.1.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-01 14:46 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/z-galaxy/zbus_polkit/pull/101 | patch |
| https://bugzilla.suse.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1277659 | issue-tracking |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| z-galaxy | zbus_polkit |
Affected:
0 , < 5.1.0
(semver)
|
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CVE-2026-78410 (GCVE-0-2026-78410)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-02 15:05 – Updated: 2026-09-04 18:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Util-linux: util-linux: restricted bind mounts do not pin the source, allowing x-mount.owner/group/mode redirection
Summary
A flaw was found in util-linux. Restricted bind mounts take the source path from fstab but do not pin that source before the privileged mount. A local unprivileged user who can replace the authorized source or a writable ancestor can redirect SUID mount(8) to bind another host directory. If the fstab entry also sets X-mount.owner, X-mount.group, or X-mount.mode, root then changes ownership or mode on that redirected inode.
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-04 18:43 UTC
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:63162 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-78410 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2522684 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://github.com/util-linux/util-linux/security… |
Impacted products
6 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Hardened Images |
Unaffected:
2.42.2-3.4.hum1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4
|
Date Public
2026-09-02 00:00
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CVE-2026-78319 (GCVE-0-2026-78319)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-01 06:44 – Updated: 2026-09-01 17:36
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
TOCTOU Vulnerability in file exchange
Summary
A service running on the affected products contains a potential Time-of-Check Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) race condition.
An unauthenticated remote attacker could exploit this race condition to bypass intended security controls.
This may result in the execution of unauthorized code.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-01 17:36 UTC
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
Impacted products
5 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sauter | modu680-AS |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 4.0.0
(semver)
|
|
| Sauter | modu660-AS |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 4.0.0
(semver)
|
|
| Sauter | modu612-LC |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 4.0.0
(semver)
|
|
| Sauter | ecos504 |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 7.0.0
(semver)
|
|
| Sauter | ecos505 |
Affected:
1.0.0 , < 7.0.0
(semver)
|
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CVE-2026-77972 (GCVE-0-2026-77972)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-15 15:37 – Updated: 2026-09-15 15:37
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
safeurl validated address is not bound to the request, allowing DNS rebinding
Summary
Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition in Slab safeurl allows an attacker who controls a hostname's DNS responses to reach internal network destinations that validation rejected.
Validation returns a verdict and not the address it approved, so the HTTP clients the library ships receive the original hostname and resolve it a second time when the request is made. An attacker who controls the authoritative DNS for a name can answer the first lookup with a permitted address and the second with a blocked one, and the request then reaches a destination validation never approved. The same window opens without an attacker whenever a name legitimately resolves to different addresses across lookups, such as short record lifetimes or rotation between several addresses.
This issue affects safeurl: from 0.1.0 onward.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-77972.html | relatedthird-party-advisory |
| https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-77972 | related |
| https://github.com/slab/safeurl-elixir/commit/fea… | related |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-77573 (GCVE-0-2026-77573)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-26 20:48 – Updated: 2026-08-27 14:18
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Weblate: DNS rebinding in VCS operations allows server-side request forgery
Summary
Weblate is a web-based continuous localization platform used to manage software translations. In versions prior to 2026.8, a user permitted to manage component repository URLs can perform server-side request forgery against internal services through DNS rebinding during VCS operations. Weblate validates the hostname's first DNS resolution, but the external VCS clients that later connect perform a separate DNS lookup, so an attacker-controlled hostname that initially resolves to a public address can be re-pointed to an internal or private address before the connection is made. By triggering a clone, fetch, push, or similar remote operation, the attacker can cause Weblate to reach internal VCS-compatible services and potentially expose private repository contents. Installations that permit untrusted repository hostnames while using VCS_RESTRICT_PRIVATE=True are affected. This issue is fixed in version 2026.8.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-27 14:18 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/WeblateOrg/weblate/security/ad… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/WeblateOrg/weblate/commit/3f31… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| WeblateOrg | weblate |
Affected:
< 2026.8
|
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CVE-2026-76925 (GCVE-0-2026-76925)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-04 21:02 – Updated: 2026-09-08 13:00
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Flatpak: flatpak: toctou race condition allows symlink redirection
Summary
A flaw was found in Flatpak. A Time-of-check to time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition exists in the `org.freedesktop.Flatpak.SystemHelper` component. This vulnerability occurs because a privileged `chmod` operation executes before the OSTree repository validation within the `Deploy()` function. An attacker can exploit this timing window to redirect symlinks to arbitrary files, potentially leading to unauthorized file manipulation or information disclosure.
Severity
5.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-08 13:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-76925 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2520099 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
4 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9
|
Date Public
2026-08-19 00:00
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CVE-2026-73829 (GCVE-0-2026-73829)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 17:19 – Updated: 2026-08-19 18:58
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Non-atomic hash-credential dedup in mpp Tempo allows replay of a confirmed payment under a concurrent race
Summary
Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition in ZenHive mpp allows an unauthenticated remote client to redeem one confirmed on-chain payment for multiple paid-resource accesses.
The type="hash" credential path in MPP.Methods.Tempo.verify/2 guards against replay with a non-atomic check-then-mark sequence: check_hash_unused/2 reads the dedup store, an eth_getTransactionReceipt round trip verifies the payment on chain, and only then does mark_hash_used/2 write the mark. Concurrent requests carrying the same settled payment hash all pass the read before any of them writes, so each is issued a receipt. The store's atomic check_and_mark/2 primitive is available and used by the type="transaction" path, but the hash path calls plain get and put even when the configured store implements it. Exploitation requires a dedup store to be configured; the default nil store is stateless and documented as offering no replay protection at all.
This issue affects mpp: from 0.2.0 before 0.6.1.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-19 18:55 UTC
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ZenHive/mpp/security/advisorie… | vendor-advisoryrelated |
| https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-73829.html | related |
| https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-73829 | related |
| https://github.com/ZenHive/mpp/commit/46c5b0e1311… | patch |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-06-29 00:00
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CVE-2026-73410 (GCVE-0-2026-73410)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-17 20:27 – Updated: 2026-08-17 22:01
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Budibase: SSRF via DNS rebinding in the REST datasource integration
Summary
Budibase is an open-source low-code platform. Prior to 3.40.0, packages/backend-core/src/utils/outboundFetch.ts pinned a validated address through a Node agent, but the REST integration used getDispatcher from packages/backend-core/src/utils/fetch.ts, causing undici to ignore that agent and resolve the hostname again. A builder could use DNS rebinding to make packages/server/src/integrations/rest.ts connect to an internal address after a public address passed validation, with full response access and arbitrary REST methods. The fix adds createPinnedLookup support to the undici dispatcher and passes the validated address to custom fetch implementations. This issue is fixed in version 3.40.0.
Severity
8.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-17 21:59 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Budibase/budibase/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2026-72584 (GCVE-0-2026-72584)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-10 10:41 – Updated: 2026-08-10 13:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
fastschema - TOCTOU Race Condition Bypasses OTP Attempt Limit in Account Recovery
Summary
A time-of-check/time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition in fastschema through v0.15.1 allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to bypass the OTP attempt limit on the account recovery flow, enabling brute-force attacks on 6-digit OTP codes.
Severity
7.4 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-10 13:13 UTC
CWE
- CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/fastschema/fastschema | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/fastschema/fastschema/blob/mai… | technical-description |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| fastschema | fastschema |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 0.15.1
(semver)
|
Date Public
2026-08-10 10:32
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Mitigation
Implementation
The most basic advice for TOCTOU vulnerabilities is to not perform a check before the use. This does not resolve the underlying issue of the execution of a function on a resource whose state and identity cannot be assured, but it does help to limit the false sense of security given by the check.
Mitigation
Implementation
When the file being altered is owned by the current user and group, set the effective gid and uid to that of the current user and group when executing this statement.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Limit the interleaving of operations on files from multiple processes.
Mitigation
Implementation
Architecture and Design
If you cannot perform operations atomically and you must share access to the resource between multiple processes or threads, then try to limit the amount of time (CPU cycles) between the check and use of the resource. This will not fix the problem, but it could make it more difficult for an attack to succeed.
Mitigation
Implementation
Recheck the resource after the use call to verify that the action was taken appropriately.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Ensure that some environmental locking mechanism can be used to protect resources effectively.
Mitigation
Implementation
Ensure that locking occurs before the check, as opposed to afterwards, such that the resource, as checked, is the same as it is when in use.
CAPEC-27: Leveraging Race Conditions via Symbolic Links
This attack leverages the use of symbolic links (Symlinks) in order to write to sensitive files. An attacker can create a Symlink link to a target file not otherwise accessible to them. When the privileged program tries to create a temporary file with the same name as the Symlink link, it will actually write to the target file pointed to by the attackers' Symlink link. If the attacker can insert malicious content in the temporary file they will be writing to the sensitive file by using the Symlink. The race occurs because the system checks if the temporary file exists, then creates the file. The attacker would typically create the Symlink during the interval between the check and the creation of the temporary file.
CAPEC-29: Leveraging Time-of-Check and Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Conditions
This attack targets a race condition occurring between the time of check (state) for a resource and the time of use of a resource. A typical example is file access. The adversary can leverage a file access race condition by "running the race", meaning that they would modify the resource between the first time the target program accesses the file and the time the target program uses the file. During that period of time, the adversary could replace or modify the file, causing the application to behave unexpectedly.