Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-416
AllowedUse After Free
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Stable
The product reuses or references memory after it has been freed. At some point afterward, the memory may be allocated again and saved in another pointer, while the original pointer references a location somewhere within the new allocation. Any operations using the original pointer are no longer valid because the memory "belongs" to the code that operates on the new pointer.
10829 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-55000 (GCVE-0-2026-55000)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-14 17:04 – Updated: 2026-09-09 19:35
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Windows USB Print Driver Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Summary
Use after free in Windows USB Print Driver allows an unauthorized attacker to elevate privileges with a physical attack.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-14 17:44 UTC
CWE
- CWE-416 - Use After Free
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
5 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.8875
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 25H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26200.0 , < 10.0.26200.8875
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 26H1 |
Affected:
10.0.28000.0 , < 10.0.28000.2525
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.33158
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.33158
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-07-14 14:00
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CVE-2026-54995 (GCVE-0-2026-54995)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-14 17:04 – Updated: 2026-09-09 19:35
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Windows Reliable Multicast Transport Driver (RMCAST) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Use after free in Reliable Multicast Transport Driver (RMCAST) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-14 00:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-416 - Use After Free
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
18 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9339
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9020
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 21H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.7548
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.7548
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.8875
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 25H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26200.0 , < 10.0.26200.8875
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 26H1 |
Affected:
10.0.28000.0 , < 10.0.28000.2525
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.26226
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.26226
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.23291
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.23291
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9339
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9339
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9020
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9020
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.5386
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.33158
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.33158
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-07-14 14:00
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CVE-2026-54989 (GCVE-0-2026-54989)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-14 17:04 – Updated: 2026-09-09 19:35
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Quality Windows Audio/Video Experience (QWAVE) Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability
Summary
Use after free in Quality Windows Audio/Video Experience (QWAVE) service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-22 00:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-416 - Use After Free
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi… | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
18 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9339
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9020
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 21H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19044.0 , < 10.0.19044.7548
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 22H2 |
Affected:
10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.7548
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.8875
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 25H2 |
Affected:
10.0.26200.0 , < 10.0.26200.8875
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 26H1 |
Affected:
10.0.28000.0 , < 10.0.28000.2525
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.26226
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.2.9200.0 , < 6.2.9200.26226
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.23291
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
6.3.9600.0 , < 6.3.9600.23291
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9339
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.9339
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9020
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.9020
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 |
Affected:
10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.5386
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.33158
(custom)
|
|
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) |
Affected:
10.0.26100.0 , < 10.0.26100.33158
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-07-14 14:00
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CVE-2026-54902 (GCVE-0-2026-54902)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-30 23:40 – Updated: 2026-07-01 12:37
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Oj: Use-After-Free in Oj::Parser SAJ Long Key Callback
Summary
Oj (Optimized JSON) is a JSON parser and Object marshaller packaged as a Ruby gem. Prior to version 3.17.2, is vulnerable to Use-After-Free when in SAJ mode. The Oj::Parser does not protect cached object keys (≥ 35 bytes) from garbage collection, and a Ruby callback that triggers GC inside hash_end can cause the key string to be reclaimed while the C parser still holds a pointer to it. The subsequent access to the freed string VALUE results in a segfault, confirmed by an RIP pointing to address 0x4242 (a canary-style pattern suggesting control over the freed memory's content). This issue has been fixed in version 3.17.2.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-01 12:37 UTC
CWE
- CWE-416 - Use After Free
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ohler55/oj/security/advisories… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2026-54901 (GCVE-0-2026-54901)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-30 23:36 – Updated: 2026-07-01 12:34
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Oj: Use-After-Free in Oj::Parser array_class/hash_class GC Marking
Summary
Oj (Optimized JSON) is a JSON parser and Object marshaller packaged as a Ruby gem. In versions prior to 3.17.2, Oj::Parser in usual mode does not mark array_class and hash_class references during garbage collection, leading to Use-After-Free. If GC runs after the class is assigned but before a parse, the class object is reclaimed, leaving the parser holding a dangling VALUE. The subsequent parse call dereferences the freed object, producing a segfault. This issue has been fixed in version 3.17.2.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-01 12:34 UTC
CWE
- CWE-416 - Use After Free
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ohler55/oj/security/advisories… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2026-54899 (GCVE-0-2026-54899)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-30 23:03 – Updated: 2026-07-01 14:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Oj: Use-After-Free in Oj::Parser Symbol Key Cache Toggle
Summary
Oj (Optimized JSON) is a JSON parser and Object marshaller packaged as a Ruby gem. Prior to version 3.17.2, disabling symbol_keys on a reused Oj::Parser instance triggers a heap use-after-free. When symbol_keys is toggled from true to false, opt_symbol_keys_set frees the internal key cache (cache_free) but does not clear the pointer. The next parse call reads from the freed cache via cache_intern, producing a use-after-free. This issue has been fixed in version 3.17.2.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-01 13:38 UTC
CWE
- CWE-416 - Use After Free
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ohler55/oj/security/advisories… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2026-54898 (GCVE-0-2026-54898)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-30 23:24 – Updated: 2026-07-01 13:36
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Oj: Use-After-Free in Oj::Parser SAJ Callback via Input Mutation
Summary
Oj (Optimized JSON) is a JSON parser and Object marshaller packaged as a Ruby gem. In versions prior to 3.17.2,Oj::Parser#parse is vulnerable to a heap use-after-free when a SAJ/SAJ2 callback mutates the input JSON string during parsing. The C engine holds a raw const byte * pointer into the Ruby string's internal buffer. If a callback (e.g. hash_start) resizes the string — for example by calling String#replace with a longer value — Ruby reallocates the string buffer and frees the old one. The C parser's pointer is left dangling; the next character read at parser.c:607 is a use-after-free. This issue has been fixed in version 3.17.2.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-01 13:36 UTC
CWE
- CWE-416 - Use After Free
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ohler55/oj/security/advisories… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2026-54897 (GCVE-0-2026-54897)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-30 23:22 – Updated: 2026-07-01 12:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Oj : Use-After-Free in Oj::Doc Iterators via Reentrant Close
Summary
Oj (Optimized JSON) is a JSON parser and Object marshaller packaged as a Ruby gem. Prior to 3.17.2, Oj::Doc iterators (each_value, each_child, each_leaf) were vulnerable to a heap use-after-free. When a Ruby block yielded during iteration calls doc.close or d.close, the document's heap memory is freed while the C iterator is still running. When control returns from the block, the iterator reads from the freed region, producing a use-after-free accessible from pure Ruby. This issue has been fixed in version 3.17.2.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-01 12:42 UTC
CWE
- CWE-416 - Use After Free
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ohler55/oj/security/advisories… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2026-54620 (GCVE-0-2026-54620)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-28 16:23 – Updated: 2026-07-28 17:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
sqlite3-ruby has Use-After-Free in SQLite Aggregate Function Callbacks
Summary
sqlite3 provides Ruby bindings for the SQLite3 embedded database. From 2.1.0 to 2.9.4, the callbacks used for SQLite aggregate functions can be freed while still referenced during aggregation, resulting in a use-after-free. This issue is fixed in version 2.9.5.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-28 17:26 UTC
CWE
- CWE-416 - Use After Free
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/sparklemotion/sqlite3-ruby/sec… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/sparklemotion/sqlite3-ruby/pull/711 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/sparklemotion/sqlite3-ruby/com… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/sparklemotion/sqlite3-ruby/rel… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| sparklemotion | sqlite3-ruby |
Affected:
>= 2.1.0, < 2.9.5
|
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CVE-2026-54619 (GCVE-0-2026-54619)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-28 16:21 – Updated: 2026-07-28 19:33
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
sqlite3-ruby has Use-After-Free When Redefining SQLite Functions with Different Arity
Summary
sqlite3 provides Ruby bindings for the SQLite3 embedded database. In version 2.9.4 and earlier, redefining a SQLite function with a different arity frees the previously registered function handler while SQLite may still reference it, resulting in a use-after-free. This issue is fixed in version 2.9.5.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-28 19:33 UTC
CWE
- CWE-416 - Use After Free
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/sparklemotion/sqlite3-ruby/sec… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/sparklemotion/sqlite3-ruby/pull/710 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/sparklemotion/sqlite3-ruby/com… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/sparklemotion/sqlite3-ruby/rel… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| sparklemotion | sqlite3-ruby |
Affected:
< 2.9.5
|
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Choose a language that provides automatic memory management.
Mitigation
Implementation
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
When freeing pointers, be sure to set them to NULL once they are freed. However, the utilization of multiple or complex data structures may lower the usefulness of this strategy.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.