CWE-41
AllowedImproper Resolution of Path Equivalence
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product is vulnerable to file system contents disclosure through path equivalence. Path equivalence involves the use of special characters in file and directory names. The associated manipulations are intended to generate multiple names for the same object.
63 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-2F4V-85X8-M662
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-14 18:31 – Updated: 2024-05-14 18:31Windows Deployment Services Information Disclosure Vulnerability
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-30036"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-41"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-14T17:17:08Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Windows Deployment Services Information Disclosure Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-2f4v-85x8-m662",
"modified": "2024-05-14T18:31:04Z",
"published": "2024-05-14T18:31:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-30036"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-30036"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3GF9-C7WR-M575
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-14 18:32 – Updated: 2025-01-14 18:32MapUrlToZone Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-21189"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-41"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-14T18:15:31Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "MapUrlToZone Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-3gf9-c7wr-m575",
"modified": "2025-01-14T18:32:02Z",
"published": "2025-01-14T18:32:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21189"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21189"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3PVJ-GF5M-RHHF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-14 18:32 – Updated: 2025-01-14 18:32MapUrlToZone Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-21332"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-41"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-14T18:15:58Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "MapUrlToZone Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-3pvj-gf5m-rhhf",
"modified": "2025-01-14T18:32:05Z",
"published": "2025-01-14T18:32:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21332"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21332"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4432-C732-M42M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-10 18:31 – Updated: 2026-03-10 18:31Improper resolution of path equivalence in Windows MapUrlToZone allows an unauthorized attacker to bypass a security feature over a network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-23674"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-41"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-10T18:18:16Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Improper resolution of path equivalence in Windows MapUrlToZone allows an unauthorized attacker to bypass a security feature over a network.",
"id": "GHSA-4432-c732-m42m",
"modified": "2026-03-10T18:31:20Z",
"published": "2026-03-10T18:31:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-23674"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-23674"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5474-4W2J-MQ4C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-01 21:16 – Updated: 2026-04-24 20:59The local filesystem memory tool in the Anthropic TypeScript SDK validated model-supplied paths using a string prefix check that did not append a trailing path separator. A model steered by prompt injection could supply a crafted path that resolved to a sibling directory sharing the memory root's name as a prefix, allowing reads and writes outside the sandboxed memory directory.
Users on the affected versions are advised to update to the latest version.
Claude SDK for TypeScript thanks hackerone.com/nicksim for reporting this issue!
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "@anthropic-ai/sdk"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0.79.0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.81.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-34451"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-22",
"CWE-41"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-01T21:16:49Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-31T22:16:20Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The local filesystem memory tool in the Anthropic TypeScript SDK validated model-supplied paths using a string prefix check that did not append a trailing path separator. A model steered by prompt injection could supply a crafted path that resolved to a sibling directory sharing the memory root\u0027s name as a prefix, allowing reads and writes outside the sandboxed memory directory.\n\nUsers on the affected versions are advised to update to the latest version.\n\nClaude SDK for TypeScript thanks [hackerone.com/nicksim](https://hackerone.com/nicksim) for reporting this issue!",
"id": "GHSA-5474-4w2j-mq4c",
"modified": "2026-04-24T20:59:12Z",
"published": "2026-04-01T21:16:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/anthropics/anthropic-sdk-typescript/security/advisories/GHSA-5474-4w2j-mq4c"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-34451"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/anthropics/anthropic-sdk-typescript/commit/0ac69b3438ee9c96b21a7d3c39c07b7cdb6995d9"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/anthropics/anthropic-sdk-typescript"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/anthropics/anthropic-sdk-typescript/releases/tag/sdk-v0.81.0"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Claude SDK for TypeScript: Memory Tool Path Validation Allows Sandbox Escape to Sibling Directories"
}
GHSA-5W98-4M6Q-799M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-14 18:32 – Updated: 2025-01-14 18:32MapUrlToZone Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-21329"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-41"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-14T18:15:57Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "MapUrlToZone Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-5w98-4m6q-799m",
"modified": "2025-01-14T18:32:05Z",
"published": "2025-01-14T18:32:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21329"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21329"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6GC5-R24C-783H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-09 18:31 – Updated: 2025-09-09 18:31Improper resolution of path equivalence in Windows MapUrlToZone allows an unauthorized attacker to bypass a security feature over a network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-54107"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-41"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-09T17:15:55Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Improper resolution of path equivalence in Windows MapUrlToZone allows an unauthorized attacker to bypass a security feature over a network.",
"id": "GHSA-6gc5-r24c-783h",
"modified": "2025-09-09T18:31:21Z",
"published": "2025-09-09T18:31:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54107"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-54107"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-6WHH-7R9P-C8Q2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-09 12:32 – Updated: 2026-09-09 15:35An unauthenticated remote code execution vulnerability exists in the Policy Manager console of Akana API Platform. A path normalization discrepancy between the authentication filter and the servlet dispatcher allows a crafted request to bypass authentication and reach an endpoint that evaluates attacker-supplied script code without sandboxing, resulting in arbitrary code execution. Exploitation requires no authentication or user interaction.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-85978"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-41"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-09T11:17:16Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An unauthenticated remote code execution vulnerability exists in the Policy Manager console of\u00a0Akana\u00a0API Platform. A path normalization discrepancy between the authentication filter and the servlet dispatcher allows a crafted request to bypass authentication and reach an endpoint that evaluates attacker-supplied script code without sandboxing, resulting in arbitrary code execution. Exploitation requires no authentication or user interaction.",
"id": "GHSA-6whh-7r9p-c8q2",
"modified": "2026-09-09T15:35:09Z",
"published": "2026-09-09T12:32:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-85978"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.perforce.com/s/cve/a91Qi000003CcxRIAS/unauthenticated-remote-code-execution-in-akana-policy-manager-console"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-7RXF-GVFG-47G4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-20 12:32 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:33corydolphin/flask-cors version 5.0.1 contains an improper regex path matching vulnerability. The plugin prioritizes longer regex patterns over more specific ones when matching paths, which can lead to less restrictive CORS policies being applied to sensitive endpoints. This mismatch in regex pattern priority allows unauthorized cross-origin access to sensitive data or functionality, potentially exposing confidential information and increasing the risk of unauthorized actions by malicious actors.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 5.0.1"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "flask-cors"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "6.0.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-6839"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-41"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-03-22T00:06:34Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-20T10:15:33Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "corydolphin/flask-cors version 5.0.1 contains an improper regex path matching vulnerability. The plugin prioritizes longer regex patterns over more specific ones when matching paths, which can lead to less restrictive CORS policies being applied to sensitive endpoints. This mismatch in regex pattern priority allows unauthorized cross-origin access to sensitive data or functionality, potentially exposing confidential information and increasing the risk of unauthorized actions by malicious actors.",
"id": "GHSA-7rxf-gvfg-47g4",
"modified": "2025-11-03T21:33:11Z",
"published": "2025-03-20T12:32:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-6839"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/corydolphin/flask-cors/commit/e970988bea563e05e8b8f53fa7bcc134b5bf5c5f"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/corydolphin/flask-cors"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/corydolphin/flask-cors/blob/4.0.1/flask_cors/core.py#L73"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.com/bounties/403eb1fc-86f4-4820-8eba-0f3dfae9f2b4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00049.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Flask-CORS improper regex path matching vulnerability"
}
GHSA-8JX5-5RQ8-69M2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-14 12:31 – Updated: 2026-08-14 12:31filebrowser versions before v2.63.21 fail to canonicalize paths before evaluating access rules, allowing authenticated users to bypass administrator-defined deny rules using case-variant or backslash-separated paths. Attackers can request files with alternate path representations that match no rule but resolve to the same filesystem object, gaining unauthorized access to denied files within their scope.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-72835"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-41"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-14T12:16:46Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "filebrowser versions before v2.63.21 fail to canonicalize paths before evaluating access rules, allowing authenticated users to bypass administrator-defined deny rules using case-variant or backslash-separated paths. Attackers can request files with alternate path representations that match no rule but resolve to the same filesystem object, gaining unauthorized access to denied files within their scope.",
"id": "GHSA-8jx5-5rq8-69m2",
"modified": "2026-08-14T12:31:27Z",
"published": "2026-08-14T12:31:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/security/advisories/GHSA-fgm5-pw99-w2p7"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-72835"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/filebrowser-before-access-rule-bypass-via-path-canonicalization"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation MIT-30
Strategy: Output Encoding
Use and specify an output encoding that can be handled by the downstream component that is reading the output. Common encodings include ISO-8859-1, UTF-7, and UTF-8. When an encoding is not specified, a downstream component may choose a different encoding, either by assuming a default encoding or automatically inferring which encoding is being used, which can be erroneous. When the encodings are inconsistent, the downstream component might treat some character or byte sequences as special, even if they are not special in the original encoding. Attackers might then be able to exploit this discrepancy and conduct injection attacks; they even might be able to bypass protection mechanisms that assume the original encoding is also being used by the downstream component.
Mitigation MIT-20
Strategy: Input Validation
Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
CAPEC-3: Using Leading 'Ghost' Character Sequences to Bypass Input Filters
Some APIs will strip certain leading characters from a string of parameters. An adversary can intentionally introduce leading "ghost" characters (extra characters that don't affect the validity of the request at the API layer) that enable the input to pass the filters and therefore process the adversary's input. This occurs when the targeted API will accept input data in several syntactic forms and interpret it in the equivalent semantic way, while the filter does not take into account the full spectrum of the syntactic forms acceptable to the targeted API.