CWE-434
AllowedUnrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product allows the upload or transfer of dangerous file types that are automatically processed within its environment.
5968 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-W9M5-85RX-QX3F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-02 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-10 00:01Dell Wyse Management Suite versions 2.0 through 3.5.2 contain an unrestricted file upload vulnerability. A malicious user with admin privileges can exploit this vulnerability in order to execute arbitrary code on the system.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-23155"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-04-01T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Dell Wyse Management Suite versions 2.0 through 3.5.2 contain an unrestricted file upload vulnerability. A malicious user with admin privileges can exploit this vulnerability in order to execute arbitrary code on the system.",
"id": "GHSA-w9m5-85rx-qx3f",
"modified": "2022-04-10T00:01:08Z",
"published": "2022-04-02T00:00:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-23155"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/000195918"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-W9M5-F4FQ-36PM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-14 03:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:27Purchase Order Management v1.0 was discovered to contain an arbitrary file upload vulnerability which allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted file uploaded to the server.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-29621"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-04-14T02:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Purchase Order Management v1.0 was discovered to contain an arbitrary file upload vulnerability which allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted file uploaded to the server.",
"id": "GHSA-w9m5-f4fq-36pm",
"modified": "2024-04-04T03:27:45Z",
"published": "2023-04-14T03:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-29621"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://brightsec.com/blog/file-inclusion-vulnerabilities"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nu11secur1ty/CVE-nu11secur1ty/tree/main/vendors/oretnom23/2023/Purchase-Order-Management-1.0"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-W9PH-F2P6-3WQX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-13 00:00 – Updated: 2022-09-16 00:00Cuppa CMS v1.0 was discovered to contain an arbitrary file upload vulnerability via the File Manager.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-38296"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-12T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Cuppa CMS v1.0 was discovered to contain an arbitrary file upload vulnerability via the File Manager.",
"id": "GHSA-w9ph-f2p6-3wqx",
"modified": "2022-09-16T00:00:39Z",
"published": "2022-09-13T00:00:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-38296"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/CuppaCMS/CuppaCMS/issues/33"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-W9QJ-P795-8XWQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:07 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:07ARTWARE CMS parameter of image upload function does not filter the type of upload files which allows remote attackers can upload arbitrary files without logging in, and further execute code unrestrictedly.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-32538"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-07-07T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "ARTWARE CMS parameter of image upload function does not filter the type of upload files which allows remote attackers can upload arbitrary files without logging in, and further execute code unrestrictedly.",
"id": "GHSA-w9qj-p795-8xwq",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:07:00Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:07:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-32538"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-4850-9b53f-1.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-W9WC-4XCQ-8GR6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-09 20:08 – Updated: 2022-12-09 20:08Impact
Akeneo PIM Community Edition versions before v5.0.119 and v6.0.53 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary PHP code on the server by uploading a crafted image.
Patches
Akeneo PIM Community Edition after the versions aforementioned provides patched Apache HTTP server configuration file, for docker setup and in documentation sample, to fix this vulnerability.
Community Edition users must change their Apache HTTP server configuration accordingly to be protected.
The patch for Cloud Based Akeneo PIM Services customers has been applied since 30th October 2022.
Workarounds
Replace any reference to <FilesMatch \.php$> in your apache httpd configurations with: <Location "/index.php">, as shown in https://github.com/akeneo/pim-community-dev/blob/b4d79bb073c8b68ea26ab227c97cc78d86c4cba1/docker/httpd.conf#L39.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "akeneo/pim-community-dev"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "6.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "6.0.53"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "akeneo/pim-community-dev"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.0.119"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-46157"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-12-09T20:08:32Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-09T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\nAkeneo PIM Community Edition versions before v5.0.119 and v6.0.53 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary PHP code on the server by uploading a crafted image.\n\n\n### Patches\n\nAkeneo PIM Community Edition after the versions aforementioned provides patched Apache HTTP server configuration file, for docker setup and in documentation sample, to fix this vulnerability. \nCommunity Edition users must change their Apache HTTP server configuration accordingly to be protected.\nThe patch for Cloud Based Akeneo PIM Services customers has been applied since 30th October 2022. \n\n### Workarounds\n\nReplace any reference to `\u003cFilesMatch \\.php$\u003e` in your apache httpd configurations with: `\u003cLocation \"/index.php\"\u003e`, as shown in https://github.com/akeneo/pim-community-dev/blob/b4d79bb073c8b68ea26ab227c97cc78d86c4cba1/docker/httpd.conf#L39.\n\n\u003c!--\n### References\n_Are there any links users can visit to find out more?_\n\n\n### For more information\n If you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n* Open an issue in [example link to repo](http://example.com)\n* Email us at [example email address](mailto:example@example.com)\n--\u003e",
"id": "GHSA-w9wc-4xcq-8gr6",
"modified": "2022-12-09T20:08:32Z",
"published": "2022-12-09T20:08:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/akeneo/pim-community-dev/security/advisories/GHSA-w9wc-4xcq-8gr6"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-46157"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/akeneo/pim-community-dev/commit/891a2f70a9a200f199de06fe64d376d03787a81a"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/akeneo/pim-community-dev"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/akeneo/pim-community-dev/blob/b4d79bb073c8b68ea26ab227c97cc78d86c4cba1/docker/httpd.conf#L39"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Akeneo PIM Community Edition vulnerable to remote php code execution"
}
GHSA-WC6J-4H3G-8CRJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:20 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:20In Earcms Ear Music through 4.1 build 20170710, remote authenticated users can execute arbitrary PHP code by changing the allowable music-upload extensions to include .php in addition to .mp3 and .m4a in admin.php?iframe=config_upload, and then using user.php/music/add/ to upload the code.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-11756"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-07-30T18:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In Earcms Ear Music through 4.1 build 20170710, remote authenticated users can execute arbitrary PHP code by changing the allowable music-upload extensions to include .php in addition to .mp3 and .m4a in admin.php?iframe=config_upload, and then using user.php/music/add/ to upload the code.",
"id": "GHSA-wc6j-4h3g-8crj",
"modified": "2022-05-17T02:20:07Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:20:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-11756"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lncken.cn/?p=359"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WC7R-64XV-6VGW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-06 21:30 – Updated: 2024-02-06 21:30A vulnerability was found in Juanpao JPShop up to 1.5.02. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /api/controllers/admin/app/AppController.php of the component API. The manipulation of the argument app_pic_url leads to unrestricted upload. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-252998 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-1259"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-06T21:15:08Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in Juanpao JPShop up to 1.5.02. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /api/controllers/admin/app/AppController.php of the component API. The manipulation of the argument app_pic_url leads to unrestricted upload. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-252998 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-wc7r-64xv-6vgw",
"modified": "2024-02-06T21:30:26Z",
"published": "2024-02-06T21:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-1259"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://note.zhaoj.in/share/rCt6PpJxBvuI"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.252998"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.252998"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WCH8-CQ6G-885R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-17 21:30 – Updated: 2026-01-17 21:30A vulnerability was detected in xiweicheng TMS up to 2.28.0. Affected by this issue is the function Upload of the file src/main/java/com/lhjz/portal/controller/FileController.java. The manipulation of the argument filename results in unrestricted upload. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit is now public and may be used.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-1061"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-17T19:15:51Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was detected in xiweicheng TMS up to 2.28.0. Affected by this issue is the function Upload of the file src/main/java/com/lhjz/portal/controller/FileController.java. The manipulation of the argument filename results in unrestricted upload. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit is now public and may be used.",
"id": "GHSA-wch8-cq6g-885r",
"modified": "2026-01-17T21:30:27Z",
"published": "2026-01-17T21:30:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-1061"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/bkglfpp/CVE-md/blob/main/%E5%95%86%E6%88%B7%E5%95%86%E5%9F%8E%E2%80%94%E5%95%86%E5%9F%8E%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91tms/%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.341629"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.341629"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.731240"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-WCJR-83CC-7PFQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:04 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:04zipfileUpdate in ext/misc/zipfile.c in SQLite 3.30.1 mishandles a NULL pathname during an update of a ZIP archive.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-19925"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-12-24T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "zipfileUpdate in ext/misc/zipfile.c in SQLite 3.30.1 mishandles a NULL pathname during an update of a ZIP archive.",
"id": "GHSA-wcjr-83cc-7pfq",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:04:59Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:04:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-19925"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/commit/54d501092d88c0cf89bec4279951f548fb0b8618"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2020:0514"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-389290.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20200114-0003"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4298-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2020/dsa-4638"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2020.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-02/msg00010.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-02/msg00015.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-02/msg00025.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WCRV-5JP3-RMQR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-26 06:30 – Updated: 2025-05-26 06:30A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in llisoft MTA Maita Training System 4.5. This issue affects the function this.fileService.download of the file com\llisoft\controller\OpenController.java. The manipulation of the argument url leads to unrestricted upload. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-5171"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-26T06:17:03Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in llisoft MTA Maita Training System 4.5. This issue affects the function this.fileService.download of the file com\\llisoft\\controller\\OpenController.java. The manipulation of the argument url leads to unrestricted upload. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-wcrv-5jp3-rmqr",
"modified": "2025-05-26T06:30:29Z",
"published": "2025-05-26T06:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-5171"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.310259"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.310259"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.579088"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wx.mail.qq.com/s?k=o3X5wV0ZZH0nuusQdO"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Generate a new, unique filename for an uploaded file instead of using the user-supplied filename, so that no external input is used at all.[REF-422] [REF-423]
Mitigation MIT-21
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
Mitigation
Consider storing the uploaded files outside of the web document root entirely. Then, use other mechanisms to deliver the files dynamically. [REF-423]
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- For example, limiting filenames to alphanumeric characters can help to restrict the introduction of unintended file extensions.
Mitigation
Define a very limited set of allowable extensions and only generate filenames that end in these extensions. Consider the possibility of XSS (CWE-79) before allowing .html or .htm file types.
Mitigation
Strategy: Input Validation
Ensure that only one extension is used in the filename. Some web servers, including some versions of Apache, may process files based on inner extensions so that "filename.php.gif" is fed to the PHP interpreter.[REF-422] [REF-423]
Mitigation
When running on a web server that supports case-insensitive filenames, perform case-insensitive evaluations of the extensions that are provided.
Mitigation MIT-15
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Mitigation
Do not rely exclusively on sanity checks of file contents to ensure that the file is of the expected type and size. It may be possible for an attacker to hide code in some file segments that will still be executed by the server. For example, GIF images may contain a free-form comments field.
Mitigation
Do not rely exclusively on the MIME content type or filename attribute when determining how to render a file. Validating the MIME content type and ensuring that it matches the extension is only a partial solution.
Mitigation MIT-17
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
Mitigation MIT-22
Strategy: Sandbox or Jail
- Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
- OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs
In applications, particularly web applications, access to functionality is mitigated by an authorization framework. This framework maps Access Control Lists (ACLs) to elements of the application's functionality; particularly URL's for web apps. In the case that the administrator failed to specify an ACL for a particular element, an attacker may be able to access it with impunity. An attacker with the ability to access functionality not properly constrained by ACLs can obtain sensitive information and possibly compromise the entire application. Such an attacker can access resources that must be available only to users at a higher privilege level, can access management sections of the application, or can run queries for data that they otherwise not supposed to.