Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-436
Allowed-with-ReviewInterpretation Conflict
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
Product A handles inputs or steps differently than Product B, which causes A to perform incorrect actions based on its perception of B's state.
243 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-68968 (GCVE-0-2026-68968)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-12 15:27 – Updated: 2026-08-18 16:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache Airflow: Authorization bypass in the Backfill API through conflicting interpretations of the backfill id
Summary
Apache Airflow's Backfill API authorized a request against a Dag id supplied by the caller whenever the `backfill_id` path segment failed to parse. The authorization dependency parsed it with `int()` while the route handler parsed it as pydantic's `NonNegativeInt`, which accepts values `int()` rejects (`1.0` coerces to `1`); FastAPI resolves dependencies before endpoint validation, so the two acted on different Dags. An authenticated user holding edit permission on any single Dag could therefore read, pause and cancel backfills belonging to any other Dag, including moving another Dag's queued runs to `failed`. No non-default configuration is required and backfill ids are sequential, so finding a target is trivial. Users are advised to upgrade to apache-airflow 3.3.1 or later, which parses the backfill id with the same type the routes declare.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-13 12:12 UTC
CWE
- CWE-436 - Interpretation Conflict
Assigner
References
3 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Airflow |
Affected:
0 , < 3.3.1
(semver)
|
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CVE-2026-67201 (GCVE-0-2026-67201)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-29 18:12 – Updated: 2026-07-29 18:58 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
V 0.5.2 SSRF Bypass via Parser Differential in net.urllib and net.http
Summary
V through 0.5.2, fixed in commit 85859f0, contains a server-side request forgery (SSRF) bypass vulnerability that allows attackers to circumvent host-based allowlists by exploiting a parser differential between net.urllib and net.http. Attackers can craft a URL containing a backslash in the authority section such that net.urllib.parse() extracts the trusted host for allowlist validation while net.http.get() normalizes the backslash and connects to the internal host, enabling access to internal network services that the allowlist was intended to block.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-29 18:57 UTC
CWE
- CWE-436 - Interpretation Conflict
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/vlang/v/issues/27945 | technical-descriptionexploit |
| https://github.com/vlang/v/pull/27947 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/vlang/v/commit/85859f0f3498d40… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/v-ssrf-bypas… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-07-26 00:00
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CVE-2026-63435 (GCVE-0-2026-63435)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-01 20:09 – Updated: 2026-09-02 15:44
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Mail: Email address spoofing via malformed RFC 2047 encoded-words
Summary
Mail is an internet library for Ruby designed to handle email generation, parsing, and sending. Prior to 2.9.1, Mail::Utilities.q_value_decode and Mail::Utilities.b_value_decode used a single String#match and an overly greedy charset capture to decode only the first RFC 2047 encoded-word and mishandle surrounding or subsequent text. A crafted malformed encoded-word in an address display name or local part could cross ? delimiters and make decoded From, To, or Reply-To header values differ from the raw values inspected by a human reviewer or downstream parser, enabling apparent sender or recipient spoofing, phishing, or authorization-check bypass. This issue is fixed in version 2.9.1.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-02 15:44 UTC
CWE
- CWE-436 - Interpretation Conflict
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/mikel/mail/security/advisories… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/mikel/mail/pull/1664 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/mikel/mail/commit/f9d59c2e447a… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/mikel/mail/releases/tag/2.9.1 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-59882 (GCVE-0-2026-59882)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 15:50 – Updated: 2026-07-08 17:00
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
guzzlehttp/psr7: Host Confusion via Weak URI Host Validation
Summary
guzzlehttp/psr7 is a PSR-7 HTTP message library implementation in PHP. Prior to 2.12.3, Uri::assertValidHost() does not reject URI host components containing authority delimiters, embedded ports, or malformed IPv6 brackets, allowing Uri::getHost() to disagree with the URI authority used for security or routing decisions. This issue is fixed in version 2.12.3.
Severity
4.2 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-08 16:50 UTC
CWE
- CWE-436 - Interpretation Conflict
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/guzzle/psr7/security/advisorie… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/guzzle/psr7/pull/811 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/guzzle/psr7/commit/ddd64f17d4c… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/guzzle/psr7/releases/tag/2.12.3 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-57580 (GCVE-0-2026-57580)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-18 17:00 – Updated: 2026-08-18 17:45
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
authentik: Account Takeover via SAML NameID Comment Truncation
Summary
authentik is an open-source identity provider. Prior to 2026.2.6 and 2026.5.5, an inbound SAML Source configured with the non-default USERNAME_LINK or EMAIL_LINK user-matching mode interprets an XML comment in a NameID differently from the identity provider's signed assertion. An attacker with an account on the source identity provider who can set the account's NameID can inject an XML comment that truncates the value used by authentik to the text before the comment while the signed assertion remains valid. A crafted NameID can therefore truncate to a victim's username or email and bind the attacker's external identity to the victim's existing account. This grants full takeover without the victim's password or the identity provider's private key, and the malicious link persists so later logins succeed without the comment. Sources using the default unique-identifier matching mode and authentik's outbound SAML Provider role are not affected. This issue is fixed in versions 2026.2.6 and 2026.5.5.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-18 17:45 UTC
CWE
- CWE-436 - Interpretation Conflict
Assigner
References
7 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/goauthentik/authentik/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/goauthentik/authentik/pull/24057 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/goauthentik/authentik/pull/24062 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/goauthentik/authentik/commit/6… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/goauthentik/authentik/commit/8… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/goauthentik/authentik/releases… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/goauthentik/authentik/releases… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| goauthentik | authentik |
Affected:
< 2026.2.6
Affected: >= 2026.5.0, < 2026.5.5 |
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CVE-2026-56669 (GCVE-0-2026-56669)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 20:25 – Updated: 2026-07-10 15:02
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Elysia: Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity and Interpretation Conflict
Summary
Elysia is a Typescript framework for request validation, type inference, OpenAPI documentation, and client-server communication. Prior to 1.4.29, Elysia uses getAll in form data normalization for multipart/form-data endpoints, causing the amount of work to grow quadratically with the number of unique key-value pairs and allowing CPU exhaustion. This issue is fixed in version 1.4.29.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-10 15:01 UTC
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/elysiajs/elysia/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/elysiajs/elysia/commit/8358ff9… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://gist.github.com/jviide/ea040eabe7bac05832… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/elysiajs/elysia/releases/tag/1.4.29 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-56329 (GCVE-0-2026-56329)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-10 13:57 – Updated: 2026-07-10 15:45
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Capgo - Cross-Tenant Preview Namespace Collision via Non-Bijective Underscore Decoding
Summary
Capgo before 12.128.2 contains a cross-tenant preview namespace collision vulnerability caused by non-bijective decoding of double underscores to dots in preview hostname parsing. Attackers can register app IDs with underscores that collide with other tenants' dotted app IDs, causing preview misrouting and denial of preview access for victim applications.
Severity
6.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-10 15:45 UTC
CWE
- CWE-436 - Interpretation Conflict
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Cap-go/capgo/security/advisori… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/capgo-cross-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-05-07 00:00
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CVE-2026-53655 (GCVE-0-2026-53655)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-22 14:55 – Updated: 2026-06-23 16:09
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
node-tar applies PAX size override to intermediary GNU long-name/long-link headers, causing tar parser interpretation differential (file smuggling)
Summary
node-tar is a full-featured Tar for Node.js. Prior to 7.5.16, tar (node-tar) applies a PAX extended header's size= record (and other PAX overrides) to the next header entry of any type, including intermediary metadata headers such as a GNU long-name (L) or long-link (K) entry. Per POSIX pax, a PAX extended header (x) describes the next file entry, not the intermediary extension headers that may sit between the x header and the file it annotates. Because node-tar lets the PAX size override the byte length of an intervening L/K/x header, an attacker can desynchronize node-tar's stream cursor relative to every other mainstream tar implementation (GNU tar, libarchive/bsdtar, Python tarfile, and the now-fixed tar-rs / astral-tokio-tar). The result is a tar parser interpretation differential (CWE-436): a single crafted archive yields a different set of members under node-tar than under the reference tar tools. An attacker can use this to hide a member from one parser while it is visible to another, which defeats security tooling whose scanner and extractor disagree on archive contents (e.g. a malware/secret scanner that lists entries with one library while a downstream step extracts with another) This vulnerability is fixed in 7.5.16.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-23 14:15 UTC
CWE
- CWE-436 - Interpretation Conflict
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/isaacs/node-tar/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2026-53538 (GCVE-0-2026-53538)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-22 16:56 – Updated: 2026-06-23 16:08
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Python-Multipart: Semicolon treated as querystring field separator enables parameter smuggling
Summary
Python-Multipart is a streaming multipart parser for Python. Prior to 0.0.30, QuerystringParser treated ; as a field separator in application/x-www-form-urlencoded bodies, in addition to &. The WHATWG URL standard, modern browsers, and Python's urllib.parse (since the CVE-2021-23336 fix) treat only & as a separator. This creates a parser differential: the same bytes are tokenized into different fields than a WHATWG compliant intermediary would produce, allowing an attacker to smuggle extra form fields past an upstream body inspecting component. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.0.30.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-23 14:49 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Kludex/python-multipart/securi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kludex | python-multipart |
Affected:
< 0.0.30
|
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CVE-2026-53537 (GCVE-0-2026-53537)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-22 16:57 – Updated: 2026-06-23 16:08
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Python-Multipart: Content-Disposition parameter smuggling via RFC 2231/5987 extended parameters
Summary
Python-Multipart is a streaming multipart parser for Python. Prior to 0.0.30, parse_options_header parsed Content-Disposition (and Content-Type) headers with email.message.Message, which transparently applies RFC 2231/5987 decoding. The extended parameter syntax (filename*=charset'lang'value, name*=..., and the filename*0/filename*1 continuation form) is decoded and surfaced under the bare filename/name key, and overrides the plain parameter when both are present. RFC 7578 §4.2 explicitly forbids the filename* form in multipart/form-data. Components that follow RFC 7578, or that do not implement RFC 2231/5987 decoding for multipart/form-data (WAFs, proxies, gateways), may interpret such a header differently. An attacker can exploit that difference to smuggle a different field name or filename past an upstream inspector to the backend. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.0.30.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-23 16:03 UTC
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Kludex/python-multipart/securi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kludex | python-multipart |
Affected:
< 0.0.30
|
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No mitigation information available for this CWE.
CAPEC-105: HTTP Request Splitting
An adversary abuses the flexibility and discrepancies in the parsing and interpretation of HTTP Request messages by different intermediary HTTP agents (e.g., load balancer, reverse proxy, web caching proxies, application firewalls, etc.) to split a single HTTP request into multiple unauthorized and malicious HTTP requests to a back-end HTTP agent (e.g., web server).
See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.
CAPEC-273: HTTP Response Smuggling
An adversary manipulates and injects malicious content in the form of secret unauthorized HTTP responses, into a single HTTP response from a vulnerable or compromised back-end HTTP agent (e.g., server).
See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.
CAPEC-34: HTTP Response Splitting
An adversary manipulates and injects malicious content, in the form of secret unauthorized HTTP responses, into a single HTTP response from a vulnerable or compromised back-end HTTP agent (e.g., web server) or into an already spoofed HTTP response from an adversary controlled domain/site.
See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.