CWE-451
Allowed-with-ReviewUser Interface (UI) Misrepresentation of Critical Information
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The user interface (UI) does not properly represent critical information to the user, allowing the information - or its source - to be obscured or spoofed. This is often a component in phishing attacks.
461 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-43WV-W8Q4-MCVR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-09 18:30 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:33Windows MSHTML Platform Spoofing Vulnerability
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-38112"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451",
"CWE-668"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-09T17:15:47Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Windows MSHTML Platform Spoofing Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-43wv-w8q4-mcvr",
"modified": "2025-10-22T00:33:04Z",
"published": "2024-07-09T18:30:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-38112"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-38112"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2024-38112"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-45J8-GM4M-HFX8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 00:34 – Updated: 2026-07-01 03:35Inappropriate implementation in WebAppInstalls in Google Chrome on Windows prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI gestures to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-14138"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-30T23:17:25Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Inappropriate implementation in WebAppInstalls in Google Chrome on Windows prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI gestures to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)",
"id": "GHSA-45j8-gm4m-hfx8",
"modified": "2026-07-01T03:35:24Z",
"published": "2026-07-01T00:34:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-14138"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0175352312.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/514071775"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-46W9-WR67-CF43
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-07 03:32 – Updated: 2025-02-07 03:32Microsoft Edge for IOS and Android Spoofing Vulnerability
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-21253"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-06T23:15:08Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Microsoft Edge for IOS and Android Spoofing Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-46w9-wr67-cf43",
"modified": "2025-02-07T03:32:02Z",
"published": "2025-02-07T03:32:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21253"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21253"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-473P-XQGV-XXW3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-17 21:30 – Updated: 2024-09-23 18:30Inappropriate implementation in UI in Google Chrome on iOS prior to 129.0.6668.58 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-8909"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-17T21:15:13Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Inappropriate implementation in UI in Google Chrome on iOS prior to 129.0.6668.58 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)",
"id": "GHSA-473p-xqgv-xxw3",
"modified": "2024-09-23T18:30:33Z",
"published": "2024-09-17T21:30:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-8909"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2024/09/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_17.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/341353783"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4742-633W-44XH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 00:34 – Updated: 2026-07-01 15:35Inappropriate implementation in Geolocation in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-13867"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-30T23:17:01Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Inappropriate implementation in Geolocation in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
"id": "GHSA-4742-633w-44xh",
"modified": "2026-07-01T15:35:01Z",
"published": "2026-07-01T00:34:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-13867"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0175352312.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/497345177"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-47M6-2Q4V-M2VX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-11 18:31 – Updated: 2025-02-11 18:31Microsoft Outlook Spoofing Vulnerability
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-21259"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-11T18:15:32Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Microsoft Outlook Spoofing Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-47m6-2q4v-m2vx",
"modified": "2025-02-11T18:31:37Z",
"published": "2025-02-11T18:31:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21259"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21259"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4875-WJV5-3WM4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 00:34 – Updated: 2026-07-01 18:31Inappropriate implementation in DarkMode in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-14110"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021",
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-30T23:17:22Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Inappropriate implementation in DarkMode in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)",
"id": "GHSA-4875-wjv5-3wm4",
"modified": "2026-07-01T18:31:40Z",
"published": "2026-07-01T00:34:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-14110"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0175352312.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/513698452"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-48CG-R3VM-Q8HQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-30 03:31 – Updated: 2026-07-31 21:31Inappropriate implementation in Chrome for iOS in Google Chrome on iOS prior to 151.0.7922.72 allowed a remote attacker to spoof the contents of the Omnibox (URL bar) via malicious network traffic. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-17849"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-30T01:16:48Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Inappropriate implementation in Chrome for iOS in Google Chrome on iOS prior to 151.0.7922.72 allowed a remote attacker to spoof the contents of the Omnibox (URL bar) via malicious network traffic. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
"id": "GHSA-48cg-r3vm-q8hq",
"modified": "2026-07-31T21:31:51Z",
"published": "2026-07-30T03:31:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-17849"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/07/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0887107924.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/518812672"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-49P4-2992-559V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-25 21:31 – Updated: 2026-08-31 18:31UI misrepresentation in Linux Toolkit Theming in Google Chrome prior to 152.0.7977.65 allowed a remote attacker leveraging social engineering to bypass system access restrictions via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-78974"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-25T21:17:53Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "UI misrepresentation in Linux Toolkit Theming in Google Chrome prior to 152.0.7977.65 allowed a remote attacker leveraging social engineering to bypass system access restrictions via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)",
"id": "GHSA-49p4-2992-559v",
"modified": "2026-08-31T18:31:17Z",
"published": "2026-08-25T21:31:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-78974"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/08/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0256176589.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/503048520"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4C3M-8R8C-3RF3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-08 18:31 – Updated: 2026-09-08 18:31A malicious webpage could repeatedly trigger external URL schemes, causing system prompts or external application launches. This could make Firefox for iOS temporarily unusable until the page is closed. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox for iOS 155.1.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-86853"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-08T16:18:37Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A malicious webpage could repeatedly trigger external URL schemes, causing system prompts or external application launches. This could make Firefox for iOS temporarily unusable until the page is closed. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox for iOS 155.1.",
"id": "GHSA-4c3m-8r8c-3rf3",
"modified": "2026-09-08T18:31:54Z",
"published": "2026-09-08T18:31:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-86853"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1847631"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2026-89"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Input Validation
Perform data validation (e.g. syntax, length, etc.) before interpreting the data.
Mitigation
Strategy: Output Encoding
Create a strategy for presenting information, and plan for how to display unusual characters.
CAPEC-154: Resource Location Spoofing
An adversary deceives an application or user and convinces them to request a resource from an unintended location. By spoofing the location, the adversary can cause an alternate resource to be used, often one that the adversary controls and can be used to help them achieve their malicious goals.
CAPEC-163: Spear Phishing
An adversary targets a specific user or group with a Phishing (CAPEC-98) attack tailored to a category of users in order to have maximum relevance and deceptive capability. Spear Phishing is an enhanced version of the Phishing attack targeted to a specific user or group. The quality of the targeted email is usually enhanced by appearing to come from a known or trusted entity. If the email account of some trusted entity has been compromised the message may be digitally signed. The message will contain information specific to the targeted users that will enhance the probability that they will follow the URL to the compromised site. For example, the message may indicate knowledge of the targets employment, residence, interests, or other information that suggests familiarity. As soon as the user follows the instructions in the message, the attack proceeds as a standard Phishing attack.
CAPEC-164: Mobile Phishing
An adversary targets mobile phone users with a phishing attack for the purpose of soliciting account passwords or sensitive information from the user. Mobile Phishing is a variation of the Phishing social engineering technique where the attack is initiated via a text or SMS message, rather than email. The user is enticed to provide information or visit a compromised web site via this message. Apart from the manner in which the attack is initiated, the attack proceeds as a standard Phishing attack.
CAPEC-173: Action Spoofing
An adversary is able to disguise one action for another and therefore trick a user into initiating one type of action when they intend to initiate a different action. For example, a user might be led to believe that clicking a button will submit a query, but in fact it downloads software. Adversaries may perform this attack through social means, such as by simply convincing a victim to perform the action or relying on a user's natural inclination to do so, or through technical means, such as a clickjacking attack where a user sees one interface but is actually interacting with a second, invisible, interface.
CAPEC-98: Phishing
Phishing is a social engineering technique where an attacker masquerades as a legitimate entity with which the victim might do business in order to prompt the user to reveal some confidential information (very frequently authentication credentials) that can later be used by an attacker. Phishing is essentially a form of information gathering or "fishing" for information.