CWE-451
Allowed-with-ReviewUser Interface (UI) Misrepresentation of Critical Information
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The user interface (UI) does not properly represent critical information to the user, allowing the information - or its source - to be obscured or spoofed. This is often a component in phishing attacks.
378 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-Q49J-767P-6V57
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 00:34 – Updated: 2026-07-01 18:31Inappropriate implementation in PageInfo in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-13989"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-30T23:17:12Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Inappropriate implementation in PageInfo in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
"id": "GHSA-q49j-767p-6v57",
"modified": "2026-07-01T18:31:33Z",
"published": "2026-07-01T00:34:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-13989"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0175352312.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/514056221"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q4MF-CP72-CHRC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-06 21:31 – Updated: 2026-05-07 01:05Insufficient policy enforcement in WebApp in Google Chrome prior to 148.0.7778.96 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-8019"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-06T19:16:52Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Insufficient policy enforcement in WebApp in Google Chrome prior to 148.0.7778.96 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)",
"id": "GHSA-q4mf-cp72-chrc",
"modified": "2026-05-07T01:05:55Z",
"published": "2026-05-06T21:31:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-8019"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/05/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/498353173"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q5X2-7C2J-3RWQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:38 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:38Nextcloud Server before 9.0.54 and 10.0.1 & ownCloud Server before 9.0.6 and 9.1.2 suffer from content spoofing in the dav app. The exception message displayed on the DAV endpoints contained partially user-controllable input leading to a potential misrepresentation of information.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-9468"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-03-28T02:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Nextcloud Server before 9.0.54 and 10.0.1 \u0026 ownCloud Server before 9.0.6 and 9.1.2 suffer from content spoofing in the dav app. The exception message displayed on the DAV endpoints contained partially user-controllable input leading to a potential misrepresentation of information.",
"id": "GHSA-q5x2-7c2j-3rwq",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:38:32Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:38:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-9468"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nextcloud/server/commit/7350e13113c8ed484727a5c25331ec11d4d59f5f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nextcloud/server/commit/a4cfb3ddc1f4cdb585e05c0e9b2f8e52a0e2ee3e"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/owncloud/core/commit/96b8afe48570bc70088ccd8f897e9d71997d336e"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/owncloud/core/commit/bcc6c39ad8c22a00323a114e9c1a0a834983fb35"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/149798"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://nextcloud.com/security/advisory/?id=nc-sa-2016-011"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://owncloud.org/security/advisory/?id=oc-sa-2016-021"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q6PV-MFGH-724W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-13 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-17 00:00A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in SourceCodester Gym Management System. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality. The manipulation leads to clickjacking. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-206246 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-2800"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021",
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-12T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in SourceCodester Gym Management System. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality. The manipulation leads to clickjacking. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-206246 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-q6pv-mfgh-724w",
"modified": "2022-08-17T00:00:24Z",
"published": "2022-08-13T00:00:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-2800"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Blythe-LU/Record4/blob/main/Gym%20management%20system%20project%20-%20ClickJacking%20exists%20on%20multiple%20pages.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.206246"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q7FJ-77GC-45XQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-11 12:30 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:33A crafted HTML email using mailbox:/// links can trigger automatic, unsolicited downloads of .pdf files to the user's desktop or home directory without prompting, even if auto-saving is disabled. This behavior can be abused to fill the disk with garbage data (e.g. using /dev/urandom on Linux) or to leak Windows credentials via SMB links when the email is viewed in HTML mode. While user interaction is required to download the .pdf file, visual obfuscation can conceal the download trigger. Viewing the email in HTML mode is enough to load external content. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird < 128.11.1 and Thunderbird < 139.0.2.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-5986"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-06-11T12:15:29Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A crafted HTML email using mailbox:/// links can trigger automatic, unsolicited downloads of .pdf files to the user\u0027s desktop or home directory without prompting, even if auto-saving is disabled. This behavior can be abused to fill the disk with garbage data (e.g. using /dev/urandom on Linux) or to leak Windows credentials via SMB links when the email is viewed in HTML mode. While user interaction is required to download the .pdf file, visual obfuscation can conceal the download trigger. Viewing the email in HTML mode is enough to load external content. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird \u003c 128.11.1 and Thunderbird \u003c 139.0.2.",
"id": "GHSA-q7fj-77gc-45xq",
"modified": "2025-11-03T21:33:59Z",
"published": "2025-06-11T12:30:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-5986"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/buglist.cgi?bug_id=1958580%2C1968012"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/07/msg00002.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-49"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-50"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q7JP-JRXX-2JJJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 00:34 – Updated: 2026-07-01 18:31Inappropriate implementation in Chrome for iOS in Google Chrome on iOS prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI gestures to leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-13892"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-30T23:17:03Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Inappropriate implementation in Chrome for iOS in Google Chrome on iOS prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI gestures to leak cross-origin data via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
"id": "GHSA-q7jp-jrxx-2jjj",
"modified": "2026-07-01T18:31:32Z",
"published": "2026-07-01T00:34:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-13892"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0175352312.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/501674841"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q8Q3-G5R7-6V6F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 00:34 – Updated: 2026-07-01 03:35Inappropriate implementation in UI in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI gestures to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-13973"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-30T23:17:10Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Inappropriate implementation in UI in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI gestures to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
"id": "GHSA-q8q3-g5r7-6v6f",
"modified": "2026-07-01T03:35:23Z",
"published": "2026-07-01T00:34:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-13973"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0175352312.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/513832989"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q9XV-W349-HFFR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-05 00:31 – Updated: 2026-06-05 12:31Inappropriate implementation in Permissions in Google Chrome prior to 149.0.7827.53 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-11254"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-05T00:17:01Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Inappropriate implementation in Permissions in Google Chrome prior to 149.0.7827.53 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)",
"id": "GHSA-q9xv-w349-hffr",
"modified": "2026-06-05T12:31:45Z",
"published": "2026-06-05T00:31:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-11254"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/498405554"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QF67-QCVF-27GX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-14 21:30 – Updated: 2026-05-15 00:30Incorrect security UI in Fullscreen in Google Chrome prior to 148.0.7778.168 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-8561"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-14T20:17:18Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Incorrect security UI in Fullscreen in Google Chrome prior to 148.0.7778.168 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
"id": "GHSA-qf67-qcvf-27gx",
"modified": "2026-05-15T00:30:30Z",
"published": "2026-05-14T21:30:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-8561"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/05/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_12.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/343352552"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-QHPW-XFCG-74CW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 00:34 – Updated: 2026-07-01 03:35Inappropriate implementation in Autofill in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI gestures to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-13895"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-30T23:17:03Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Inappropriate implementation in Autofill in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who convinced a user to engage in specific UI gestures to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
"id": "GHSA-qhpw-xfcg-74cw",
"modified": "2026-07-01T03:35:21Z",
"published": "2026-07-01T00:34:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-13895"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0175352312.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/501770542"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Input Validation
Perform data validation (e.g. syntax, length, etc.) before interpreting the data.
Mitigation
Strategy: Output Encoding
Create a strategy for presenting information, and plan for how to display unusual characters.
CAPEC-154: Resource Location Spoofing
An adversary deceives an application or user and convinces them to request a resource from an unintended location. By spoofing the location, the adversary can cause an alternate resource to be used, often one that the adversary controls and can be used to help them achieve their malicious goals.
CAPEC-163: Spear Phishing
An adversary targets a specific user or group with a Phishing (CAPEC-98) attack tailored to a category of users in order to have maximum relevance and deceptive capability. Spear Phishing is an enhanced version of the Phishing attack targeted to a specific user or group. The quality of the targeted email is usually enhanced by appearing to come from a known or trusted entity. If the email account of some trusted entity has been compromised the message may be digitally signed. The message will contain information specific to the targeted users that will enhance the probability that they will follow the URL to the compromised site. For example, the message may indicate knowledge of the targets employment, residence, interests, or other information that suggests familiarity. As soon as the user follows the instructions in the message, the attack proceeds as a standard Phishing attack.
CAPEC-164: Mobile Phishing
An adversary targets mobile phone users with a phishing attack for the purpose of soliciting account passwords or sensitive information from the user. Mobile Phishing is a variation of the Phishing social engineering technique where the attack is initiated via a text or SMS message, rather than email. The user is enticed to provide information or visit a compromised web site via this message. Apart from the manner in which the attack is initiated, the attack proceeds as a standard Phishing attack.
CAPEC-173: Action Spoofing
An adversary is able to disguise one action for another and therefore trick a user into initiating one type of action when they intend to initiate a different action. For example, a user might be led to believe that clicking a button will submit a query, but in fact it downloads software. Adversaries may perform this attack through social means, such as by simply convincing a victim to perform the action or relying on a user's natural inclination to do so, or through technical means, such as a clickjacking attack where a user sees one interface but is actually interacting with a second, invisible, interface.
CAPEC-98: Phishing
Phishing is a social engineering technique where an attacker masquerades as a legitimate entity with which the victim might do business in order to prompt the user to reveal some confidential information (very frequently authentication credentials) that can later be used by an attacker. Phishing is essentially a form of information gathering or "fishing" for information.