CWE-476
AllowedNULL Pointer Dereference
Abstraction: Base · Status: Stable
The product dereferences a pointer that it expects to be valid but is NULL.
6763 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-273P-M2CW-6833
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-22 18:41 – Updated: 2026-01-23 15:46Summary
Rekor’s cose v0.0.1 entry implementation can panic on attacker-controlled input when canonicalizing a proposed entry with an empty spec.message. validate() returns nil (success) when message is empty, leaving sign1Msg uninitialized, and Canonicalize() later dereferences v.sign1Msg.Payload.
Impact
A malformed proposed entry of the cose/v0.0.1 type can cause a panic on a thread within the Rekor process. The thread is recovered so the client receives a 500 error message and service still continues, so the availability impact of this is minimal.
Patches
Upgrade to v1.5.0
Workarounds
None
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.4.3"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/sigstore/rekor"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.5.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-23831"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-476"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-01-22T18:41:23Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-22T22:16:19Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "## Summary\n\nRekor\u2019s cose v0.0.1 entry implementation can panic on attacker-controlled input when canonicalizing a proposed entry with an empty `spec.message`. `validate()` returns nil (success) when `message` is empty, leaving `sign1Msg` uninitialized, and `Canonicalize()` later dereferences `v.sign1Msg.Payload`.\n\n## Impact\n\nA malformed proposed entry of the `cose/v0.0.1` type can cause a panic on a thread within the Rekor process. The thread is recovered so the client receives a 500 error message and service still continues, so the availability impact of this is minimal.\n\n## Patches\n\nUpgrade to v1.5.0\n\n## Workarounds\n\nNone",
"id": "GHSA-273p-m2cw-6833",
"modified": "2026-01-23T15:46:17Z",
"published": "2026-01-22T18:41:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/sigstore/rekor/security/advisories/GHSA-273p-m2cw-6833"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-23831"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/sigstore/rekor/commit/39bae3d192bce48ef4ef2cbd1788fb5770fee8cd"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/sigstore/rekor"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/sigstore/rekor/releases/tag/v1.5.0"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Rekor\u0027s COSE v0.0.1 entry type nil pointer dereference in Canonicalize via empty Message"
}
GHSA-274J-J2JX-H7HF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:15 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:15An issue was discovered in libredwg through v0.10.1.3751. A NULL pointer dereference exists in the function check_POLYLINE_handles() located in decode.c. It allows an attacker to cause Denial of Service.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-39523"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-476"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-20T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in libredwg through v0.10.1.3751. A NULL pointer dereference exists in the function check_POLYLINE_handles() located in decode.c. It allows an attacker to cause Denial of Service.",
"id": "GHSA-274j-j2jx-h7hf",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:15:10Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:15:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-39523"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/LibreDWG/libredwg/issues/251"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-2767-G28H-69JV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-21 12:30 – Updated: 2025-02-03 15:32In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
fgraph: Add READ_ONCE() when accessing fgraph_array[]
In __ftrace_return_to_handler(), a loop iterates over the fgraph_array[] elements, which are fgraph_ops. The loop checks if an element is a fgraph_stub to prevent using a fgraph_stub afterward.
However, if the compiler reloads fgraph_array[] after this check, it might race with an update to fgraph_array[] that introduces a fgraph_stub. This could result in the stub being processed, but the stub contains a null "func_hash" field, leading to a NULL pointer dereference.
To ensure that the gops compared against the fgraph_stub matches the gops processed later, add a READ_ONCE(). A similar patch appears in commit 63a8dfb ("function_graph: Add READ_ONCE() when accessing fgraph_array[]").
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-57934"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-476"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-21T12:15:27Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nfgraph: Add READ_ONCE() when accessing fgraph_array[]\n\nIn __ftrace_return_to_handler(), a loop iterates over the fgraph_array[]\nelements, which are fgraph_ops. The loop checks if an element is a\nfgraph_stub to prevent using a fgraph_stub afterward.\n\nHowever, if the compiler reloads fgraph_array[] after this check, it might\nrace with an update to fgraph_array[] that introduces a fgraph_stub. This\ncould result in the stub being processed, but the stub contains a null\n\"func_hash\" field, leading to a NULL pointer dereference.\n\nTo ensure that the gops compared against the fgraph_stub matches the gops\nprocessed later, add a READ_ONCE(). A similar patch appears in commit\n63a8dfb (\"function_graph: Add READ_ONCE() when accessing fgraph_array[]\").",
"id": "GHSA-2767-g28h-69jv",
"modified": "2025-02-03T15:32:01Z",
"published": "2025-01-21T12:30:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-57934"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b68b2a3fbacc7be720ef589d489bcacdd05c6d38"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d65474033740ded0a4fe9a097fce72328655b41d"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2778-CFX6-G2XP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-19 21:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:35Avast and AVG Antivirus for Windows were susceptible to a NULL pointer dereference issue via RPC-interface. The issue was fixed with Avast and AVG Antivirus version 22.11
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-1587"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-476"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-04-19T19:15:07Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Avast and AVG Antivirus for Windows were susceptible to a NULL pointer dereference issue via RPC-interface. The issue was fixed with Avast and AVG Antivirus version 22.11",
"id": "GHSA-2778-cfx6-g2xp",
"modified": "2024-04-04T03:35:22Z",
"published": "2023-04-19T21:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-1587"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.norton.com/sp/static/external/tools/security-advisories.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2788-7PRJ-R2QV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-16 15:34 – Updated: 2025-04-29 21:31In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
PCI/bwctrl: Fix NULL pointer dereference on bus number exhaustion
When BIOS neglects to assign bus numbers to PCI bridges, the kernel attempts to correct that during PCI device enumeration. If it runs out of bus numbers, no pci_bus is allocated and the "subordinate" pointer in the bridge's pci_dev remains NULL.
The PCIe bandwidth controller erroneously does not check for a NULL subordinate pointer and dereferences it on probe.
Bandwidth control of unusable devices below the bridge is of questionable utility, so simply error out instead. This mirrors what PCIe hotplug does since commit 62e4492c3063 ("PCI: Prevent NULL dereference during pciehp probe").
The PCI core emits a message with KERN_INFO severity if it has run out of bus numbers. PCIe hotplug emits an additional message with KERN_ERR severity to inform the user that hotplug functionality is disabled at the bridge. A similar message for bandwidth control does not seem merited, given that its only purpose so far is to expose an up-to-date link speed in sysfs and throttle the link speed on certain laptops with limited Thermal Design Power. So error out silently.
User-visible messages:
pci 0000:16:02.0: bridge configuration invalid ([bus 00-00]), reconfiguring [...] pci_bus 0000:45: busn_res: [bus 45-74] end is updated to 74 pci 0000:16:02.0: devices behind bridge are unusable because [bus 45-74] cannot be assigned for them [...] pcieport 0000:16:02.0: pciehp: Hotplug bridge without secondary bus, ignoring [...] BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference RIP: pcie_update_link_speed pcie_bwnotif_enable pcie_bwnotif_probe pcie_port_probe_service really_probe
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-22031"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-476"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-16T15:15:55Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nPCI/bwctrl: Fix NULL pointer dereference on bus number exhaustion\n\nWhen BIOS neglects to assign bus numbers to PCI bridges, the kernel\nattempts to correct that during PCI device enumeration. If it runs out\nof bus numbers, no pci_bus is allocated and the \"subordinate\" pointer in\nthe bridge\u0027s pci_dev remains NULL.\n\nThe PCIe bandwidth controller erroneously does not check for a NULL\nsubordinate pointer and dereferences it on probe.\n\nBandwidth control of unusable devices below the bridge is of questionable\nutility, so simply error out instead. This mirrors what PCIe hotplug does\nsince commit 62e4492c3063 (\"PCI: Prevent NULL dereference during pciehp\nprobe\").\n\nThe PCI core emits a message with KERN_INFO severity if it has run out of\nbus numbers. PCIe hotplug emits an additional message with KERN_ERR\nseverity to inform the user that hotplug functionality is disabled at the\nbridge. A similar message for bandwidth control does not seem merited,\ngiven that its only purpose so far is to expose an up-to-date link speed\nin sysfs and throttle the link speed on certain laptops with limited\nThermal Design Power. So error out silently.\n\nUser-visible messages:\n\n pci 0000:16:02.0: bridge configuration invalid ([bus 00-00]), reconfiguring\n [...]\n pci_bus 0000:45: busn_res: [bus 45-74] end is updated to 74\n pci 0000:16:02.0: devices behind bridge are unusable because [bus 45-74] cannot be assigned for them\n [...]\n pcieport 0000:16:02.0: pciehp: Hotplug bridge without secondary bus, ignoring\n [...]\n BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference\n RIP: pcie_update_link_speed\n pcie_bwnotif_enable\n pcie_bwnotif_probe\n pcie_port_probe_service\n really_probe",
"id": "GHSA-2788-7prj-r2qv",
"modified": "2025-04-29T21:31:46Z",
"published": "2025-04-16T15:34:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-22031"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1181924af78e5299ddec6e457789c02dd5966559"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/667f053b05f00a007738cd7ed6fa1901de19dc7e"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d93d309013e89631630a12b1770d27e4be78362a"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-278H-99F9-M238
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-14 21:31 – Updated: 2023-12-19 21:32cJSON v1.7.16 was discovered to contain a segmentation violation via the function cJSON_SetValuestring at cJSON.c.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-50472"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-476"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-12-14T20:15:53Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "cJSON v1.7.16 was discovered to contain a segmentation violation via the function cJSON_SetValuestring at cJSON.c.",
"id": "GHSA-278h-99f9-m238",
"modified": "2023-12-19T21:32:19Z",
"published": "2023-12-14T21:31:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-50472"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/DaveGamble/cJSON/issues/803"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2794-C693-53GF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-16 18:31 – Updated: 2024-12-16 18:31A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in FabulaTech USB over Network 6.0.6.1. Affected is the function 0x22040C in the library ftusbbus2.sys of the component IOCT Handler. The manipulation leads to null pointer dereference. Local access is required to approach this attack. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-12653"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-404",
"CWE-476"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-16T16:15:06Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability classified as problematic has been found in FabulaTech USB over Network 6.0.6.1. Affected is the function 0x22040C in the library ftusbbus2.sys of the component IOCT Handler. The manipulation leads to null pointer dereference. Local access is required to approach this attack. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-2794-c693-53gf",
"modified": "2024-12-16T18:31:09Z",
"published": "2024-12-16T18:31:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-12653"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://shareforall.notion.site/FabulaTech-USB-over-Network-Client-ftusbbus2-0x22040C-NPD-DOS-15160437bb1e80228995f9a74a5c233c?pvs=4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.288522"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.288522"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.456026"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-2795-WFR2-M5V3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-04 18:31 – Updated: 2026-02-06 15:30In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
scsi: qla2xxx: Avoid fcport pointer dereference
Klocwork reported warning of NULL pointer may be dereferenced. The routine exits when sa_ctl is NULL and fcport is allocated after the exit call thus causing NULL fcport pointer to dereference at the time of exit.
To avoid fcport pointer dereference, exit the routine when sa_ctl is NULL.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-53603"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-476"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-04T16:15:56Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nscsi: qla2xxx: Avoid fcport pointer dereference\n\nKlocwork reported warning of NULL pointer may be dereferenced. The routine\nexits when sa_ctl is NULL and fcport is allocated after the exit call thus\ncausing NULL fcport pointer to dereference at the time of exit.\n\nTo avoid fcport pointer dereference, exit the routine when sa_ctl is NULL.",
"id": "GHSA-2795-wfr2-m5v3",
"modified": "2026-02-06T15:30:59Z",
"published": "2025-10-04T18:31:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-53603"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4406fe8a96a946c7ea5724ee59625755a1d9c59d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/477bc74ad1add644b606bff6ba1284943c42818a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6b504d06976fe4a61cc05dedc68b84fadb397f77"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7bbeff613ec0560fb2f6f8b405288f3f043adf64"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-27F9-CGJJ-WVCV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-02 18:32 – Updated: 2026-09-02 18:32A vulnerability exists in NGINX JavaScript where a malformed HTTP response received by ngx.fetch() can crash an NGINX worker when trusted JavaScript reads Response.statusText. Exploitation requires control or influence over the fetched HTTP response.
Impact: This vulnerability may allow remote attackers to cause a denial-of-service (DoS) on the NGINX system. There is no control plane exposure; this is a data plane issue only.
Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-78222"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-476"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-02T16:17:23Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability exists in NGINX JavaScript where a malformed HTTP response received by ngx.fetch() can crash an NGINX worker when trusted JavaScript reads Response.statusText. Exploitation requires control or influence over the fetched HTTP response.\n\nImpact:\nThis vulnerability may allow remote attackers to cause a denial-of-service (DoS) on the NGINX system. There is no control plane exposure; this is a data plane issue only.\n\n\n\n\nNote: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.",
"id": "GHSA-27f9-cgjj-wvcv",
"modified": "2026-09-02T18:32:11Z",
"published": "2026-09-02T18:32:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-78222"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://my.f5.com/manage/s/article/K000162603"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-27FW-6HP8-FGWW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:27 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:27The av_color_primaries_name function in libavutil/pixdesc.c in FFmpeg 3.3.3 may return a NULL pointer depending on a value contained in a file, but callers do not anticipate this, as demonstrated by the avcodec_string function in libavcodec/utils.c, leading to a NULL pointer dereference. (It is also conceivable that there is security relevance for a NULL pointer dereference in av_color_primaries_name calls within the ffprobe command-line program.)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-14225"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-476"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-09-09T08:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The av_color_primaries_name function in libavutil/pixdesc.c in FFmpeg 3.3.3 may return a NULL pointer depending on a value contained in a file, but callers do not anticipate this, as demonstrated by the avcodec_string function in libavcodec/utils.c, leading to a NULL pointer dereference. (It is also conceivable that there is security relevance for a NULL pointer dereference in av_color_primaries_name calls within the ffprobe command-line program.)",
"id": "GHSA-27fw-6hp8-fgww",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:27:12Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:27:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-14225"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/commit/837cb4325b712ff1aab531bf41668933f61d75d2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.ffmpeg.org/pipermail/ffmpeg-devel/2017-August/215198.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3996"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/100704"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-56
For any pointers that could have been modified or provided from a function that can return NULL, check the pointer for NULL before use. When working with a multithreaded or otherwise asynchronous environment, ensure that proper locking APIs are used to lock before the check, and unlock when it has finished [REF-1484].
Mitigation
Select a programming language that is not susceptible to these issues.
Mitigation
Check the results of all functions that return a value and verify that the value is non-null before acting upon it.
Mitigation
Identify all variables and data stores that receive information from external sources, and apply input validation to make sure that they are only initialized to expected values.
Mitigation
Explicitly initialize all variables and other data stores, either during declaration or just before the first usage.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.