CWE-522
Allowed-with-ReviewInsufficiently Protected Credentials
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
The product transmits or stores authentication credentials, but it uses an insecure method that is susceptible to unauthorized interception and/or retrieval.
1817 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-R32R-F6WR-CC3W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:22 – Updated: 2022-12-29 00:33Jenkins TestComplete support Plugin prior to version 2.5.2 stores a password unencrypted in job config.xml files on the Jenkins master where it can be viewed by users with Extended Read permission, or access to the master file system. Version 2.5.2 contains a patch for this issue.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:TestComplete"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.5.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-2209"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-256",
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-12-29T00:33:25Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2020-07-02T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Jenkins TestComplete support Plugin prior to version 2.5.2 stores a password unencrypted in job `config.xml` files on the Jenkins master where it can be viewed by users with Extended Read permission, or access to the master file system. Version 2.5.2 contains a patch for this issue.",
"id": "GHSA-r32r-f6wr-cc3w",
"modified": "2022-12-29T00:33:25Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:22:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-2209"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/testcomplete-plugin/commit/00988873c6ea7e8d081380e4262538960efd6bf1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/testcomplete-plugin/commit/91dae11421b70a334d2058286e30402cf2f86d4b"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/testcomplete-plugin/commit/ca783d3b6be28b13f82865afa6a8888795d57d10"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/testcomplete-plugin"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jenkins.io/security/advisory/2020-07-02/#SECURITY-1686"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2020/07/02/7"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Password stored in plain text by Jenkins TestComplete support Plugin"
}
GHSA-R33M-965M-8CHX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-27 18:31 – Updated: 2026-03-27 18:31Wazuh version 4.12.0 contains an exposure vulnerability in GitHub Actions workflow artifacts that allows attackers to extract the GITHUB_TOKEN from uploaded artifacts. Attackers can use the exposed token within a limited time window to perform unauthorized actions such as pushing malicious commits or altering release tags.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-15617"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-27T18:16:03Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Wazuh version 4.12.0 contains an exposure vulnerability in GitHub Actions workflow artifacts that allows attackers to extract the GITHUB_TOKEN from uploaded artifacts. Attackers can use the exposed token within a limited time window to perform unauthorized actions such as pushing malicious commits or altering release tags.",
"id": "GHSA-r33m-965m-8chx",
"modified": "2026-03-27T18:31:28Z",
"published": "2026-03-27T18:31:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wazuh/wazuh/security/advisories/GHSA-6xqr-4q5g-xc7x"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-15617"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/exposure-of-the-github-token-in-wazuh-workflow-run-artifact"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-R388-5H2X-P38F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-17 09:30 – Updated: 2025-11-17 09:30EasyFlow GP developed by Digiwin has an Insufficiently Protected Credentials vulnerability, allowing privileged remote attackers to obtain plaintext credentials of AD and system mail from the system frontend.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-13164"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-17T08:16:22Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "EasyFlow GP developed by Digiwin has an Insufficiently Protected Credentials vulnerability, allowing privileged remote attackers to obtain plaintext credentials of AD and system mail from the system frontend.",
"id": "GHSA-r388-5h2x-p38f",
"modified": "2025-11-17T09:30:26Z",
"published": "2025-11-17T09:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-13164"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-10504-23f4c-2.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-10503-a66fe-1.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-R39C-X95W-6GC8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-03 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-11 00:00In Quest KACE Systems Management Appliance (SMA) through 12.0, a hash collision is possible during authentication. This may allow authentication with invalid credentials.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-30285"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-02T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "In Quest KACE Systems Management Appliance (SMA) through 12.0, a hash collision is possible during authentication. This may allow authentication with invalid credentials.",
"id": "GHSA-r39c-x95w-6gc8",
"modified": "2022-08-11T00:00:38Z",
"published": "2022-08-03T00:00:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-30285"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.quest.com/kace-systems-management-appliance/kb/338232/quest-response-to-kace-sma-vulnerabilities-cve-2022-30285"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.quest.com/kace"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R3FQ-CMMW-CPMM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:46 – Updated: 2023-08-24 13:02types/types.go in Containous Traefik 1.7.x through 1.7.11, when the --api flag is used and the API is publicly reachable and exposed without sufficient access control (which is contrary to the API documentation), allows remote authenticated users to discover password hashes by reading the Basic HTTP Authentication or Digest HTTP Authentication section, or discover a key by reading the ClientTLS section. These can be found in the JSON response to a /api request.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.7.11"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/traefik/traefik"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.7.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.7.12"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-12452"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-07-14T19:46:49Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2019-05-29T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "types/types.go in Containous Traefik 1.7.x through 1.7.11, when the `--api` flag is used and the API is publicly reachable and exposed without sufficient access control (which is contrary to the API documentation), allows remote authenticated users to discover password hashes by reading the Basic HTTP Authentication or Digest HTTP Authentication section, or discover a key by reading the ClientTLS section. These can be found in the JSON response to a `/api` request.",
"id": "GHSA-r3fq-cmmw-cpmm",
"modified": "2023-08-24T13:02:38Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:46:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-12452"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/containous/traefik/issues/4917"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/containous/traefik/pull/4918"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/traefik/traefik/commit/a169fec2e08e391d24b509c00fcf011656c1395c"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/containous/traefik"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Containous Traefik Exposes Password Hashes"
}
GHSA-R3RR-WPH6-9638
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-01-13 00:00 – Updated: 2022-11-29 21:26Jenkins Publish Over SSH Plugin 1.22 and earlier stores password unencrypted in its global configuration file on the Jenkins controller where it can be viewed by users with access to the Jenkins controller file system.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:publish-over-ssh"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.23"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-23114"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-11-29T21:26:23Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-01-12T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Jenkins Publish Over SSH Plugin 1.22 and earlier stores password unencrypted in its global configuration file on the Jenkins controller where it can be viewed by users with access to the Jenkins controller file system.",
"id": "GHSA-r3rr-wph6-9638",
"modified": "2022-11-29T21:26:23Z",
"published": "2022-01-13T00:00:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-23114"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/publish-over-ssh-plugin/commit/2b4b9b2dfab5c001669f9a74c0e6078b0a27b928"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/publish-over-ssh-plugin/commit/70b7689bf6fc894f4dc6c0ff34dd72808840760e"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/publish-over-ssh-plugin"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/publish-over-ssh-plugin/releases/tag/publish-over-ssh-1.23"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2022-01-12/#SECURITY-2291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/01/12/6"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Password stored in plain text by Jenkins Publish Over SSH Plugin"
}
GHSA-R3W6-85FH-VQFQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:47 – Updated: 2022-05-24 16:47Insufficient password protection in the attestation database for Open CIT may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable information disclosure via local access.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-0178"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-362",
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-06-13T16:29:00Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Insufficient password protection in the attestation database for Open CIT may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable information disclosure via local access.",
"id": "GHSA-r3w6-85fh-vqfq",
"modified": "2022-05-24T16:47:58Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:47:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-0178"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/in"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-00248.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R42J-8H58-J557
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:03 – Updated: 2022-08-31 00:00The NGINX Controller 2.0.0 thru 2.9.0 and 3.x before 3.15.0 Administrator password may be exposed in the systemd.txt file that is included in the NGINX support package.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-23019"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-06-01T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The NGINX Controller 2.0.0 thru 2.9.0 and 3.x before 3.15.0 Administrator password may be exposed in the systemd.txt file that is included in the NGINX support package.",
"id": "GHSA-r42j-8h58-j557",
"modified": "2022-08-31T00:00:18Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:03:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-23019"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K04884013"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R496-X769-F8J4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-09 18:30 – Updated: 2025-11-05 20:01Jenkins ReadyAPI Functional Testing Plugin 1.11 and earlier stores SLM License Access Keys, client secrets, and passwords unencrypted in job config.xml files on the Jenkins controller as part of its configuration.
These credentials can be viewed by users with Item/Extended Read permission or access to the Jenkins controller file system.
Additionally, the job configuration form does not mask these credentials, increasing the potential for attackers to observe and capture them.
As of publication of this advisory, there is no fix.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:soapui-pro-functional-testing"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "1.11"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-53657"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-07-09T21:18:51Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-09T16:15:25Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Jenkins ReadyAPI Functional Testing Plugin 1.11 and earlier stores SLM License Access Keys, client secrets, and passwords unencrypted in job config.xml files on the Jenkins controller as part of its configuration.\n\nThese credentials can be viewed by users with Item/Extended Read permission or access to the Jenkins controller file system.\n\nAdditionally, the job configuration form does not mask these credentials, increasing the potential for attackers to observe and capture them.\n\nAs of publication of this advisory, there is no fix.",
"id": "GHSA-r496-x769-f8j4",
"modified": "2025-11-05T20:01:26Z",
"published": "2025-07-09T18:30:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-53657"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/soapui-pro-functional-testing-plugin"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2025-07-09/#SECURITY-3556"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/07/09/4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Jenkins ReadyAPI Functional Testing Plugin vulnerability exposes secrets"
}
GHSA-R4PJ-MFCC-HFR5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:21 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:21An issue was discovered in Mattermost Server before 5.8.0. It mishandles brute-force attacks against MFA.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-20881"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-06-19T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Mattermost Server before 5.8.0. It mishandles brute-force attacks against MFA.",
"id": "GHSA-r4pj-mfcc-hfr5",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:21:14Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:21:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-20881"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://mattermost.com/security-updates"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation
Use an appropriate security mechanism to protect the credentials.
Mitigation
Make appropriate use of cryptography to protect the credentials.
Mitigation
Use industry standards to protect the credentials (e.g. LDAP, keystore, etc.).
CAPEC-102: Session Sidejacking
Session sidejacking takes advantage of an unencrypted communication channel between a victim and target system. The attacker sniffs traffic on a network looking for session tokens in unencrypted traffic. Once a session token is captured, the attacker performs malicious actions by using the stolen token with the targeted application to impersonate the victim. This attack is a specific method of session hijacking, which is exploiting a valid session token to gain unauthorized access to a target system or information. Other methods to perform a session hijacking are session fixation, cross-site scripting, or compromising a user or server machine and stealing the session token.
CAPEC-474: Signature Spoofing by Key Theft
An attacker obtains an authoritative or reputable signer's private signature key by theft and then uses this key to forge signatures from the original signer to mislead a victim into performing actions that benefit the attacker.
CAPEC-50: Password Recovery Exploitation
An attacker may take advantage of the application feature to help users recover their forgotten passwords in order to gain access into the system with the same privileges as the original user. Generally password recovery schemes tend to be weak and insecure.
CAPEC-509: Kerberoasting
Through the exploitation of how service accounts leverage Kerberos authentication with Service Principal Names (SPNs), the adversary obtains and subsequently cracks the hashed credentials of a service account target to exploit its privileges. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. As an authenticated user, the adversary may request Active Directory and obtain a service ticket with portions encrypted via RC4 with the private key of the authenticated account. By extracting the local ticket and saving it disk, the adversary can brute force the hashed value to reveal the target account credentials.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-555: Remote Services with Stolen Credentials
This pattern of attack involves an adversary that uses stolen credentials to leverage remote services such as RDP, telnet, SSH, and VNC to log into a system. Once access is gained, any number of malicious activities could be performed.
CAPEC-560: Use of Known Domain Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.
CAPEC-561: Windows Admin Shares with Stolen Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows administrator credentials (e.g. userID/password) to access Windows Admin Shares on a local machine or within a Windows domain.
CAPEC-600: Credential Stuffing
An adversary tries known username/password combinations against different systems, applications, or services to gain additional authenticated access. Credential Stuffing attacks rely upon the fact that many users leverage the same username/password combination for multiple systems, applications, and services.
CAPEC-644: Use of Captured Hashes (Pass The Hash)
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows domain credential hash values to access systems within the domain that leverage the Lan Man (LM) and/or NT Lan Man (NTLM) authentication protocols.
CAPEC-645: Use of Captured Tickets (Pass The Ticket)
An adversary uses stolen Kerberos tickets to access systems/resources that leverage the Kerberos authentication protocol. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. An adversary can obtain any one of these tickets (e.g. Service Ticket, Ticket Granting Ticket, Silver Ticket, or Golden Ticket) to authenticate to a system/resource without needing the account's credentials. Depending on the ticket obtained, the adversary may be able to access a particular resource or generate TGTs for any account within an Active Directory Domain.
CAPEC-652: Use of Known Kerberos Credentials
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Kerberos credentials (e.g. Kerberos service account userID/password or Kerberos Tickets) with the goal of achieving authenticated access to additional systems, applications, or services within the domain.
CAPEC-653: Use of Known Operating System Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate operating system credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions on the system, under the guise of an authenticated user or service. This applies to any Operating System.