CWE-522
Allowed-with-ReviewInsufficiently Protected Credentials
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
The product transmits or stores authentication credentials, but it uses an insecure method that is susceptible to unauthorized interception and/or retrieval.
2038 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-49CQ-WWFH-Q9RR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-25 00:01 – Updated: 2022-03-04 00:00Settings/network settings/wireless settings on the Alecto DVC-215IP camera version 63.1.1.173 and below shows the Wi-Fi passphrase hidden, but by editing/removing the style of the password field the password becomes visible which grants access to an internal network connected to the camera.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-24610"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-02-24T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Settings/network settings/wireless settings on the Alecto DVC-215IP camera version 63.1.1.173 and below shows the Wi-Fi passphrase hidden, but by editing/removing the style of the password field the password becomes visible which grants access to an internal network connected to the camera.",
"id": "GHSA-49cq-wwfh-q9rr",
"modified": "2022-03-04T00:00:34Z",
"published": "2022-02-25T00:01:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-24610"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.alecto.nl/nl/support/solutions/articles/48001210271-kwetsbaarheid-vulnerability-firmware-below-version-63-1-1-173"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-49JJ-M435-G94R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-30 18:32 – Updated: 2025-11-04 18:31An encryption vulnerability exists in all versions prior to V15.00.001 of Rockwell Automation FactoryTalk® AssetCentre. The vulnerability exists due to a weak encryption methodology and could allow a threat actor to extract passwords belonging to other users of the application.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-0477"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-30T18:15:31Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An encryption vulnerability exists in all versions prior to V15.00.001 of Rockwell Automation FactoryTalk\u00ae AssetCentre. The vulnerability exists due to a weak encryption methodology and could allow a threat actor to extract passwords belonging to other users of the application.",
"id": "GHSA-49jj-m435-g94r",
"modified": "2025-11-04T18:31:31Z",
"published": "2025-01-30T18:32:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-0477"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.rockwellautomation.com/en-us/trust-center/security-advisories/advisory.SD1721.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-49M4-CHPX-GW3R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-24 00:31 – Updated: 2026-04-24 00:31OpenClaw before 2026.3.31 contains a credential exposure vulnerability in media download functionality that forwards Authorization headers across cross-origin redirects. Attackers can exploit this by crafting malicious cross-origin redirect chains to intercept sensitive authorization credentials intended for legitimate requests.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-41345"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-23T22:16:41Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "OpenClaw before 2026.3.31 contains a credential exposure vulnerability in media download functionality that forwards Authorization headers across cross-origin redirects. Attackers can exploit this by crafting malicious cross-origin redirect chains to intercept sensitive authorization credentials intended for legitimate requests.",
"id": "GHSA-49m4-chpx-gw3r",
"modified": "2026-04-24T00:31:51Z",
"published": "2026-04-24T00:31:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-68v4-hmwv-f43h"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41345"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/e704323ff388ed21f6963f9b8e0b1b8dfaaabc5f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-authorization-header-leak-via-cross-origin-redirect-in-media-download"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-49RG-F69P-79RC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:48 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:48An authentication weakness vulnerability in Trend Micro Email Encryption Gateway 5.5 could allow an attacker to recover user passwords on vulnerable installations due to a flaw in the DBCrypto class. An attacker must first obtain access to the user database on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-10355"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-05-23T16:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An authentication weakness vulnerability in Trend Micro Email Encryption Gateway 5.5 could allow an attacker to recover user passwords on vulnerable installations due to a flaw in the DBCrypto class. An attacker must first obtain access to the user database on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-49rg-f69p-79rc",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:48:46Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:48:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-10355"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://success.trendmicro.com/solution/1119349"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-18-411"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-49WH-VW4X-P83M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:59 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:31The Customer's Tomedo Server in Version 1.7.3 communicates to the Vendor Tomedo Server via HTTP (in cleartext) that can be sniffed by unauthorized actors. Basic authentication is used for the authentication, making it possible to base64 decode the sniffed credentials and discover the username and password.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-17393"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-319",
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-10-18T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The Customer\u0027s Tomedo Server in Version 1.7.3 communicates to the Vendor Tomedo Server via HTTP (in cleartext) that can be sniffed by unauthorized actors. Basic authentication is used for the authentication, making it possible to base64 decode the sniffed credentials and discover the username and password.",
"id": "GHSA-49wh-vw4x-p83m",
"modified": "2024-04-04T02:31:27Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:59:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-17393"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/154873/Tomedo-Server-1.7.3-Information-Disclosure-Weak-Cryptography.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2019/Oct/33"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4C3Q-R84R-Q6PP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-12 18:30 – Updated: 2023-07-20 14:44Jenkins mabl Plugin 0.0.46 and earlier does not set the appropriate context for credentials lookup, allowing the use of System-scoped credentials otherwise reserved for the global configuration.
This allows attackers with Item/Configure permission to access and capture credentials they are not entitled to.
mabl Plugin 0.0.47 defines the appropriate context for credentials lookup.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "com.mabl.integration.jenkins:mabl-integration"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.0.47"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-37951"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-07-12T22:31:31Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-12T16:15:13Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Jenkins mabl Plugin 0.0.46 and earlier does not set the appropriate context for credentials lookup, allowing the use of System-scoped credentials otherwise reserved for the global configuration.\n\nThis allows attackers with Item/Configure permission to access and capture credentials they are not entitled to.\n\nmabl Plugin 0.0.47 defines the appropriate context for credentials lookup.",
"id": "GHSA-4c3q-r84r-q6pp",
"modified": "2023-07-20T14:44:14Z",
"published": "2023-07-12T18:30:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-37951"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2023-07-12/#SECURITY-3137%20(2)"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/07/12/2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Jenkins mabl Plugin vulnerable to exposure of system-scooped credentials"
}
GHSA-4C4V-42HC-72P6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-04 21:36 – Updated: 2026-02-04 21:36Impact
On boot, Pillar checks for /config/GlobalConfig/global.json and overrides system configuration if present. This allows enabling debug functions like SSH (debug.enable.ssh), USB keyboard (debug.enable.usb), and VNC access (app.allow.vnc) without triggering the measured boot. Thus, a user with physical access can take out the disk and modify the content of this file in the /config partition and then re-insert the disk.
Patches
Fixed in 10.1.0 and 9.4.3-lts
Workarounds
None
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/lf-edge/eve"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.0.0-20220708121648-5fef4d92e758"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-43633"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522",
"CWE-922"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-04T21:36:42Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\nOn boot, Pillar checks for /config/GlobalConfig/global.json and overrides system configuration if present. This allows enabling debug functions like SSH (debug.enable.ssh), USB keyboard (debug.enable.usb), and VNC access (app.allow.vnc) without triggering the measured boot. Thus, a user with physical access can take out the disk and modify the content of this file in the /config partition and then re-insert the disk.\n\n### Patches\n\nFixed in \u200b\u200b10.1.0 and 9.4.3-lts\n\n### Workarounds\n\nNone",
"id": "GHSA-4c4v-42hc-72p6",
"modified": "2026-02-04T21:36:42Z",
"published": "2026-02-04T21:36:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lf-edge/eve/security/advisories/GHSA-4c4v-42hc-72p6"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-43633"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lf-edge/eve/commit/5fef4d92e75838cc78010edaed5247dfbdae1889"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lf-edge/eve/commit/aa3501d6c57206ced222c33aea15a9169d629141"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://asrg.io/security-advisories/cve-2023-43633"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://asrg.io/security-advisories/debug-functions-unlockable-without-triggering-measured-boot"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/lf-edge/eve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "EVE\u0027s Debug Functions Unlockable Without Triggering Measured Boot"
}
GHSA-4C5V-86XF-P6J6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-18 21:30 – Updated: 2023-12-18 21:30IBM i 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, IBM i Db2 Mirror for i 7.4 and 7.5 web browser clients may leave clear-text passwords in browser memory that can be viewed using common browser tools before the memory is garbage collected. A malicious actor with access to the victim's PC could exploit this vulnerability to gain access to the IBM i operating system. IBM X-Force ID: 272532.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-47741"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-12-18T20:15:08Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "\nIBM i 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, IBM i Db2 Mirror for i 7.4 and 7.5 web browser clients may leave clear-text passwords in browser memory that can be viewed using common browser tools before the memory is garbage collected. A malicious actor with access to the victim\u0027s PC could exploit this vulnerability to gain access to the IBM i operating system. IBM X-Force ID: 272532.\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-4c5v-86xf-p6j6",
"modified": "2023-12-18T21:30:27Z",
"published": "2023-12-18T21:30:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-47741"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7097785"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7097801"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4CGP-8JR7-7X94
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-05 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-13 00:00Kyocera multifunction printers running vulnerable versions of Net View unintentionally expose sensitive user information, including usernames and passwords, through an insufficiently protected address book export function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-1026"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-04-04T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Kyocera multifunction printers running vulnerable versions of Net View unintentionally expose sensitive user information, including usernames and passwords, through an insufficiently protected address book export function.",
"id": "GHSA-4cgp-8jr7-7x94",
"modified": "2022-04-13T00:00:50Z",
"published": "2022-04-05T00:00:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-1026"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.kyoceradocumentsolutions.com/en/our-business/security/information/2022-04-04.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.rapid7.com/blog/post/2022/03/29/cve-2022-1026-kyocera-net-view-address-book-exposure"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4CH8-JGQC-V66P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-29 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-05 00:00An attacker can decrypt the Ovarro TBox login password by communication capture and brute force attacks.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-22640"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-294",
"CWE-307",
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-07-28T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An attacker can decrypt the Ovarro TBox login password by communication capture and brute force attacks.",
"id": "GHSA-4ch8-jgqc-v66p",
"modified": "2022-08-05T00:00:31Z",
"published": "2022-07-29T00:00:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22640"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/advisories/icsa-21-054-04"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Use an appropriate security mechanism to protect the credentials.
Mitigation
Make appropriate use of cryptography to protect the credentials.
Mitigation
Use industry standards to protect the credentials (e.g. LDAP, keystore, etc.).
CAPEC-102: Session Sidejacking
Session sidejacking takes advantage of an unencrypted communication channel between a victim and target system. The attacker sniffs traffic on a network looking for session tokens in unencrypted traffic. Once a session token is captured, the attacker performs malicious actions by using the stolen token with the targeted application to impersonate the victim. This attack is a specific method of session hijacking, which is exploiting a valid session token to gain unauthorized access to a target system or information. Other methods to perform a session hijacking are session fixation, cross-site scripting, or compromising a user or server machine and stealing the session token.
CAPEC-474: Signature Spoofing by Key Theft
An attacker obtains an authoritative or reputable signer's private signature key by theft and then uses this key to forge signatures from the original signer to mislead a victim into performing actions that benefit the attacker.
CAPEC-50: Password Recovery Exploitation
An attacker may take advantage of the application feature to help users recover their forgotten passwords in order to gain access into the system with the same privileges as the original user. Generally password recovery schemes tend to be weak and insecure.
CAPEC-509: Kerberoasting
Through the exploitation of how service accounts leverage Kerberos authentication with Service Principal Names (SPNs), the adversary obtains and subsequently cracks the hashed credentials of a service account target to exploit its privileges. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. As an authenticated user, the adversary may request Active Directory and obtain a service ticket with portions encrypted via RC4 with the private key of the authenticated account. By extracting the local ticket and saving it disk, the adversary can brute force the hashed value to reveal the target account credentials.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-555: Remote Services with Stolen Credentials
This pattern of attack involves an adversary that uses stolen credentials to leverage remote services such as RDP, telnet, SSH, and VNC to log into a system. Once access is gained, any number of malicious activities could be performed.
CAPEC-560: Use of Known Domain Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.
CAPEC-561: Windows Admin Shares with Stolen Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows administrator credentials (e.g. userID/password) to access Windows Admin Shares on a local machine or within a Windows domain.
CAPEC-600: Credential Stuffing
An adversary tries known username/password combinations against different systems, applications, or services to gain additional authenticated access. Credential Stuffing attacks rely upon the fact that many users leverage the same username/password combination for multiple systems, applications, and services.
CAPEC-644: Use of Captured Hashes (Pass The Hash)
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows domain credential hash values to access systems within the domain that leverage the Lan Man (LM) and/or NT Lan Man (NTLM) authentication protocols.
CAPEC-645: Use of Captured Tickets (Pass The Ticket)
An adversary uses stolen Kerberos tickets to access systems/resources that leverage the Kerberos authentication protocol. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. An adversary can obtain any one of these tickets (e.g. Service Ticket, Ticket Granting Ticket, Silver Ticket, or Golden Ticket) to authenticate to a system/resource without needing the account's credentials. Depending on the ticket obtained, the adversary may be able to access a particular resource or generate TGTs for any account within an Active Directory Domain.
CAPEC-652: Use of Known Kerberos Credentials
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Kerberos credentials (e.g. Kerberos service account userID/password or Kerberos Tickets) with the goal of achieving authenticated access to additional systems, applications, or services within the domain.
CAPEC-653: Use of Known Operating System Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate operating system credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions on the system, under the guise of an authenticated user or service. This applies to any Operating System.