Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-602

Allowed-with-Review

Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product is composed of a server that relies on the client to implement a mechanism that is intended to protect the server.

231 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2025-5450 (GCVE-0-2025-5450)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-08 15:00 – Updated: 2025-07-08 20:42
VLAI
Summary
Improper access control in the certificate management component of Ivanti Connect Secure before version 22.7R2.8 and Ivanti Policy Secure before version 22.7R1.5 allows a remote authenticated admin with read-only rights to modify settings that should be restricted.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Ivanti Connect Secure Unaffected: 22.7R2.8 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Ivanti Policy Secure Unaffected: 22.7R1.5 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-4527 (GCVE-0-2025-4527)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-11 02:00 – Updated: 2026-05-27 14:33
VLAI
Title
Dígitro NGC Explorer Password Transmission client-side enforcement of server-side security
Summary
A security flaw has been discovered in Dígitro NGC Explorer up to 3.44.15/3.48.21. The impacted element is an unknown function of the component Password Transmission Handler. Performing a manipulation results in client-side enforcement of server-side security. The attack can be initiated remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitability is regarded as difficult. Upgrading to version 3.48.22 is sufficient to resolve this issue. Upgrading the affected component is recommended. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
3.7 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:O/RC:C
3.7 (Low)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Dígitro NGC Explorer Affected: 3.44.0
Affected: 3.44.1
Affected: 3.44.2
Affected: 3.44.3
Affected: 3.44.4
Affected: 3.44.5
Affected: 3.44.6
Affected: 3.44.7
Affected: 3.44.8
Affected: 3.44.9
Affected: 3.44.10
Affected: 3.44.11
Affected: 3.44.12
Affected: 3.44.13
Affected: 3.44.14
Affected: 3.44.15
Affected: 3.48.0
Affected: 3.48.1
Affected: 3.48.2
Affected: 3.48.3
Affected: 3.48.4
Affected: 3.48.5
Affected: 3.48.6
Affected: 3.48.7
Affected: 3.48.8
Affected: 3.48.9
Affected: 3.48.10
Affected: 3.48.11
Affected: 3.48.12
Affected: 3.48.13
Affected: 3.48.14
Affected: 3.48.15
Affected: 3.48.16
Affected: 3.48.17
Affected: 3.48.18
Affected: 3.48.19
Affected: 3.48.20
Affected: 3.48.21
Unaffected: 3.48.22
    cpe:2.3:a:d_gitro:ngc_explorer:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Credits
j369 (VulDB User) VulDB CNA Team
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-2139 (GCVE-0-2025-2139)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-12 13:35 – Updated: 2025-10-14 14:48
VLAI
Title
IBM Engineering Requirements Management Doors Next security bypass
Summary
IBM Engineering Requirements Management Doors Next 7.0.2, 7.0.3, and 7.1 could allow an authenticated user on the network to delete reviews from other users due to client-side enforcement of server-side security.
Severity
3.5 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
ibm
References
URL Tags
https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7247716 vendor-advisorypatch
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
IBM Engineering Requirements Management Doors Next Affected: 7.0.2
Affected: 7.0.3
Affected: 7.1
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:engineering_requirements_management_doors_next:7.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:engineering_requirements_management_doors_next:7.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:engineering_requirements_management_doors_next:7.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-2138 (GCVE-0-2025-2138)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-12 13:37 – Updated: 2025-10-14 15:10
VLAI
Title
IBM Engineering Requirements Management Doors Next data modification
Summary
IBM Engineering Requirements Management Doors Next 7.0.2, 7.0.3, and 7.1 could allow an authenticated user on the network to delete comments from other users due to client-side enforcement of server-side security.
Severity
3.5 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
ibm
References
URL Tags
https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7247716 vendor-advisorypatch
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
IBM Engineering Requirements Management Doors Next Affected: 7.0.2
Affected: 7.0.3
Affected: 7.1
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:engineering_requirements_management_doors_next:7.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:engineering_requirements_management_doors_next:7.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:engineering_requirements_management_doors_next:7.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-1838 (GCVE-0-2025-1838)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-03 18:23 – Updated: 2025-08-28 14:28
VLAI
Title
IBM Cloud Pak for Business Automation denial of service
Summary
IBM Cloud Pak for Business Automation 24.0.0 and 24.0.1 through 24.0.1 IF001 Authoring allows an authenticated user to bypass client-side data validation in an authoring user interface which could cause a denial of service.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
ibm
References
URL Tags
https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7232429 vendor-advisorypatch
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
IBM Cloud Pak for Business Automation Affected: 24.0.1 , ≤ 24.0.1 IF001 (semver)
Affected: 24.0.0 , ≤ 24.0.0 IF004 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:cloud_pak_for_business_automation:24.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:cloud_pak_for_business_automation:24.0.0:if004:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:cloud_pak_for_business_automation:24.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:cloud_pak_for_business_automation:23.0.1:if001:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-52960 (GCVE-0-2024-52960)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-11 14:54 – Updated: 2026-01-14 14:15
VLAI
Summary
A client-side enforcement of server-side security vulnerability [CWE-602] in Fortinet FortiSandbox version 5.0.0, 4.4.0 through 4.4.6 and before 4.2.7 allows an authenticated attacker with at least read-only permission to execute unauthorized commands via crafted requests.
Severity
4.2 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N/E:F/RL:X/RC:X
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-602 - Improper access control
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Fortinet FortiSandbox Affected: 5.0.0
Affected: 4.4.0 , ≤ 4.4.6 (semver)
Affected: 4.2.1 , ≤ 4.2.7 (semver)
Affected: 4.0.0 , ≤ 4.0.6 (semver)
Affected: 3.2.0 , ≤ 3.2.4 (semver)
Affected: 3.1.0 , ≤ 3.1.5 (semver)
Affected: 3.0.0 , ≤ 3.0.7 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortisandbox:5.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortisandbox:4.4.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortisandbox:4.4.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortisandbox:4.4.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortisandbox:4.4.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortisandbox:4.4.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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    cpe:2.3:a:fortinet:fortisandbox:3.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-52008 (GCVE-0-2024-52008)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-11-26 18:52 – Updated: 2024-11-26 19:16
VLAI
Title
Password Policy Bypass Vulnerability in Fides Webserver
Summary
Fides is an open-source privacy engineering platform. The user invite acceptance API endpoint lacks server-side password policy enforcement, allowing users to set arbitrarily weak passwords by bypassing client-side validation. While the UI enforces password complexity requirements, direct API calls can circumvent these checks, enabling the creation of accounts with passwords as short as a single character. When an email messaging provider is enabled and a new user account is created in the system, an invite email containing a special link is sent to the new user's email address. This link directs the new user to a page where they can set their initial password. While the user interface implements password complexity checks, these validations are only performed client-side. The underlying `/api/v1/user/accept-invite` API endpoint does not implement the same password policy validations. This vulnerability allows an invited user to set an extremely weak password for their own account during the initial account setup process. Therefore that specific user's account can be compromised easily by an attacker guessing or brute forcing the password. The vulnerability has been patched in Fides version `2.50.0`. Users are advised to upgrade to this version or later to secure their systems against this threat. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.
Severity
2 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:A/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ethyca fides Affected: < 2.50.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-49824 (GCVE-0-2024-49824)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-01-18 15:11 – Updated: 2025-01-21 20:58
VLAI
Title
IBM Robotic Process Automation security bypass
Summary
IBM Robotic Process Automation 21.0.0 through 21.0.7.18 and 23.0.0 through 23.0.18 and IBM Robotic Process Automation for Cloud Pak 21.0.0 through 21.0.7.18 and 23.0.0 through 23.0.18 could allow an authenticated user to perform unauthorized actions as a privileged user due to improper validation of client-side security enforcement.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
ibm
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
IBM Robotic Process Automation Affected: 21.0.0 , ≤ 21.0.7.18 (semver)
Affected: 23.0.0 , ≤ 23.0.18 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:robotic_process_automation:21.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:robotic_process_automation:21.0.7.17:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:robotic_process_automation:23.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:robotic_process_automation:23.0.18:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
IBM Robotic Process Automation for Cloud Pak Affected: 21.0.0 , ≤ 21.0.7.18 (semver)
Affected: 23.0.0 , ≤ 23.0.18 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-44106 (GCVE-0-2024-44106)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-10 20:45 – Updated: 2025-06-12 17:06
VLAI
Summary
Insufficient server-side controls in the management console of Ivanti Workspace Control before version 2025.2 (10.19.0.0) allows a local authenticated attacker to escalate their privileges.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Ivanti Workspace Control Unaffected: 10.19.0.0 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
ivanti automation Unaffected: 0 , < 10.18.99.0 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:ivanti:automation:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2024-43188 (GCVE-0-2024-43188)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-09-18 11:39 – Updated: 2024-09-18 16:40
VLAI
Title
IBM Business Automation Workflow improper input validation
Summary
IBM Business Automation Workflow 22.0.2, 23.0.1, 23.0.2, and 24.0.0 could allow a privileged user to perform unauthorized activities due to improper client side validation.
Severity
4.9 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-602 - Client-Side Enforcement of Server-Side Security
Assigner
ibm
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
IBM Business Automation Workflow Affected: 22.0.2, 23.0.1, 23.0.2, 24.0.0
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:business_automation_workflow:22.0.2:*:*:*:-:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:business_automation_workflow:23.0.1:*:*:*:-:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:business_automation_workflow:23.0.2:*:*:*:-:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:business_automation_workflow:24.0.0:*:*:*:-:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
  • Even though client-side checks provide minimal benefits with respect to server-side security, they are still useful. First, they can support intrusion detection. If the server receives input that should have been rejected by the client, then it may be an indication of an attack. Second, client-side error-checking can provide helpful feedback to the user about the expectations for valid input. Third, there may be a reduction in server-side processing time for accidental input errors, although this is typically a small savings.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

If some degree of trust is required between the two entities, then use integrity checking and strong authentication to ensure that the inputs are coming from a trusted source. Design the product so that this trust is managed in a centralized fashion, especially if there are complex or numerous communication channels, in order to reduce the risks that the implementer will mistakenly omit a check in a single code path.

CAPEC-162: Manipulating Hidden Fields

An adversary exploits a weakness in the server's trust of client-side processing by modifying data on the client-side, such as price information, and then submitting this data to the server, which processes the modified data. For example, eShoplifting is a data manipulation attack against an on-line merchant during a purchasing transaction. The manipulation of price, discount or quantity fields in the transaction message allows the adversary to acquire items at a lower cost than the merchant intended. The adversary performs a normal purchasing transaction but edits hidden fields within the HTML form response that store price or other information to give themselves a better deal. The merchant then uses the modified pricing information in calculating the cost of the selected items.

CAPEC-202: Create Malicious Client

An adversary creates a client application to interface with a target service where the client violates assumptions the service makes about clients. Services that have designated client applications (as opposed to services that use general client applications, such as IMAP or POP mail servers which can interact with any IMAP or POP client) may assume that the client will follow specific procedures.

CAPEC-207: Removing Important Client Functionality

An adversary removes or disables functionality on the client that the server assumes to be present and trustworthy.

CAPEC-208: Removing/short-circuiting 'Purse' logic: removing/mutating 'cash' decrements

An attacker removes or modifies the logic on a client associated with monetary calculations resulting in incorrect information being sent to the server. A server may rely on a client to correctly compute monetary information. For example, a server might supply a price for an item and then rely on the client to correctly compute the total cost of a purchase given the number of items the user is buying. If the attacker can remove or modify the logic that controls these calculations, they can return incorrect values to the server. The attacker can use this to make purchases for a fraction of the legitimate cost or otherwise avoid correct billing for activities.

CAPEC-21: Exploitation of Trusted Identifiers

An adversary guesses, obtains, or "rides" a trusted identifier (e.g. session ID, resource ID, cookie, etc.) to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.

CAPEC-31: Accessing/Intercepting/Modifying HTTP Cookies

This attack relies on the use of HTTP Cookies to store credentials, state information and other critical data on client systems. There are several different forms of this attack. The first form of this attack involves accessing HTTP Cookies to mine for potentially sensitive data contained therein. The second form involves intercepting this data as it is transmitted from client to server. This intercepted information is then used by the adversary to impersonate the remote user/session. The third form is when the cookie's content is modified by the adversary before it is sent back to the server. Here the adversary seeks to convince the target server to operate on this falsified information.

CAPEC-383: Harvesting Information via API Event Monitoring

An adversary hosts an event within an application framework and then monitors the data exchanged during the course of the event for the purpose of harvesting any important data leaked during the transactions. One example could be harvesting lists of usernames or userIDs for the purpose of sending spam messages to those users. One example of this type of attack involves the adversary creating an event within the sub-application. Assume the adversary hosts a "virtual sale" of rare items. As other users enter the event, the attacker records via AiTM (CAPEC-94) proxy the user_ids and usernames of everyone who attends. The adversary would then be able to spam those users within the application using an automated script.

CAPEC-384: Application API Message Manipulation via Man-in-the-Middle

An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages. Performing this attack can allow the attacker to gain unauthorized privileges within the application, or conduct attacks such as phishing, deceptive strategies to spread malware, or traditional web-application attacks. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to perform adversary-in-the-middle (CAPEC-94) communications between the web browser and the remote system. Despite the use of AiTH software, the attack is actually directed at the server, as the client is one node in a series of content brokers that pass information along to the application framework. Additionally, it is not true "Adversary-in-the-Middle" attack at the network layer, but an application-layer attack the root cause of which is the master applications trust in the integrity of code supplied by the client.

CAPEC-385: Transaction or Event Tampering via Application API Manipulation

An attacker hosts or joins an event or transaction within an application framework in order to change the content of messages or items that are being exchanged. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that look authentic but may contain deceptive links, substitute one item or another, spoof an existing item and conduct a false exchange, or otherwise change the amounts or identity of what is being exchanged. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to man-in-the-middle communications between the web browser and the remote system in order to change the content of various application elements. Often, items exchanged in game can be monetized via sales for coin, virtual dollars, etc. The purpose of the attack is for the attack to scam the victim by trapping the data packets involved the exchange and altering the integrity of the transfer process.

CAPEC-386: Application API Navigation Remapping

An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of links/buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains links/buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination. Some applications make navigation remapping more difficult to detect because the actual HREF values of images, profile elements, and links/buttons are masked. One example would be to place an image in a user's photo gallery that when clicked upon redirected the user to an off-site location. Also, traditional web vulnerabilities (such as CSRF) can be constructed with remapped buttons or links. In some cases navigation remapping can be used for Phishing attacks or even means to artificially boost the page view, user site reputation, or click-fraud.

CAPEC-387: Navigation Remapping To Propagate Malicious Content

An adversary manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages and thereby circumvent the expected application logic.

CAPEC-388: Application API Button Hijacking

An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination.

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