Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-611

Allowed

Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product processes an XML document that can contain XML entities with URIs that resolve to documents outside of the intended sphere of control, causing the product to embed incorrect documents into its output.

1821 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-763G-FQQ7-48WG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2020-01-31 18:00 – Updated: 2021-08-19 16:49
VLAI
Summary
XML external entity (XXE) processing ('external-parameter-entities' feature was not fully disabled))
Details

Due to an incomplete fix for CVE-2019-9658, checkstyle was still vulnerable to XML External Entity (XXE) Processing.

Impact

User: Build Maintainers

This vulnerability probably doesn't impact Maven/Gradle users as, in most cases, these builds are processing files that are trusted, or pre-vetted by a pull request reviewer before being run on internal CI infrastructure.

User: Static Analysis as a Service

If you operate a site/service that parses "untrusted" Checkstyle XML configuration files, you are vulnerable to this and should patch.

Note from the discoverer of the original CVE-2019-9658:

While looking at a few companies that run Checkstyle/PMD/ect... as a service I notice that it's a common pattern to run the static code analysis tool inside of a Docker container with the following flags: --net=none \ --privileged=false \ --cap-drop=ALL Running the analysis in Docker has the advantage that there should be no sensitive local file information that XXE can exfiltrate from the container. Additionally, these flags prevent vulnerabilities in static analysis tools like Checkstyle from being used to exfiltrate data via XXE or to perform SSRF. - Jonathan Leitschuh

Patches

Has the problem been patched? What versions should users upgrade to?

Patched, will be released with version 8.29 at 26 Jan 2020.

Workarounds

Is there a way for users to fix or remediate the vulnerability without upgrading?

No workaround are available

References

For more information

If you have any questions or comments about this advisory: * Open an issue in https://github.com/checkstyle/checkstyle/issues

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "com.puppycrawl.tools:checkstyle"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "8.29"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-10782"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-611"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2020-01-31T17:58:17Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Due to an incomplete fix for [CVE-2019-9658](https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2019-9658), checkstyle was still vulnerable to XML External Entity (XXE) Processing.\n\n### Impact\n\n#### User: Build Maintainers\n\nThis vulnerability probably doesn\u0027t impact Maven/Gradle users as, in most cases, these builds are processing files that are trusted, or pre-vetted by a pull request reviewer before being run on internal CI infrastructure.\n\n#### User: Static Analysis as a Service\n\nIf you operate a site/service that parses \"untrusted\" Checkstyle XML configuration files, you are vulnerable to this and should patch.\n\nNote from the discoverer of the original CVE-2019-9658:\n\n\u003e While looking at a few companies that run Checkstyle/PMD/ect... as a service I notice that it\u0027s a common pattern to run the static code analysis tool inside of a Docker container with the following flags:\n\u003e ```\n\u003e --net=none \\\n\u003e --privileged=false \\\n\u003e --cap-drop=ALL\n\u003e ```\n\u003e Running the analysis in Docker has the advantage that there should be no sensitive local file information that XXE can exfiltrate from the container. Additionally, these flags prevent vulnerabilities in static analysis tools like Checkstyle from being used to exfiltrate data via XXE or to perform SSRF.\n\u003e \\- [Jonathan Leitschuh](https://twitter.com/jlleitschuh)\n\n### Patches\n_Has the problem been patched? What versions should users upgrade to?_\n\nPatched, will be released with version 8.29 at 26 Jan 2020.\n\n### Workarounds\n_Is there a way for users to fix or remediate the vulnerability without upgrading?_\n\nNo workaround are available\n\n### References\n\n - [CWE-611: Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference](https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/611.html)\n - GitHub Issue https://github.com/checkstyle/checkstyle/issues/7468\n\n### For more information\n\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n* Open an issue in https://github.com/checkstyle/checkstyle/issues\n",
  "id": "GHSA-763g-fqq7-48wg",
  "modified": "2021-08-19T16:49:30Z",
  "published": "2020-01-31T18:00:07Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/checkstyle/checkstyle/security/advisories/GHSA-763g-fqq7-48wg"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-10782"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/checkstyle/checkstyle/issues/7468"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/checkstyle/checkstyle/commit/c46a16d177e6797895b195c288ae9a9a096254b8"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r8aaf4ee16bbaf6204731d4770d96ebb34b258cd79b491f9cdd7f2540@%3Ccommits.nifi.apache.org%3E"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/02/msg00008.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JAVA-COMPUPPYCRAWLTOOLS-543266"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "XML external entity (XXE) processing (\u0027external-parameter-entities\u0027 feature was not fully disabled))"
}

GHSA-769G-XF8V-JX9V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:19 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:19
VLAI
Details

An improper restriction of XML external entity reference vulnerability in the parser of XML responses of FortiPortal before 6.0.6 may allow an attacker who controls the producer of XML reports consumed by FortiPortal to trigger a denial of service or read arbitrary files from the underlying file system by means of specifically crafted XML documents.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-36172"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-611"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-11-02T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An improper restriction of XML external entity reference vulnerability in the parser of XML responses of FortiPortal before 6.0.6 may allow an attacker who controls the producer of XML reports consumed by FortiPortal to trigger a denial of service or read arbitrary files from the underlying file system by means of specifically crafted XML documents.",
  "id": "GHSA-769g-xf8v-jx9v",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:19:25Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:19:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-36172"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://fortiguard.com/advisory/FG-IR-21-104"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-773M-X37X-96WR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-29 12:31 – Updated: 2024-11-29 12:31
VLAI
Details

A XML External Entity (XXE) vulnerability has been identified in Easy Tax Client Software 2023 1.2 and earlier across multiple platforms, including Windows, Linux, and macOS.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-9044"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-611"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-29T08:15:05Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A XML External Entity (XXE) vulnerability has been identified in Easy Tax Client Software 2023 1.2 and earlier across multiple platforms, including Windows, Linux, and macOS.",
  "id": "GHSA-773m-x37x-96wr",
  "modified": "2024-11-29T12:31:49Z",
  "published": "2024-11-29T12:31:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-9044"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ag.ch/de/verwaltung/dfr/steuern/natuerliche-personen/steuererklaerung-easytax"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:L/SI:N/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-77CC-W3WM-6WHP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-06 12:31 – Updated: 2023-01-12 23:42
VLAI
Summary
dssp vulnerable to Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference
Details

A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in e-Contract dssp up to 1.3.1. Affected by this vulnerability is the function checkSignResponse of the file dssp-client/src/main/java/be/e_contract/dssp/client/SignResponseVerifier.java. The manipulation leads to xml external entity reference. Upgrading to version 1.3.2 can address this issue. The name of the patch is ec4238349691ec66dd30b416ec6eaab02d722302. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The identifier VDB-217549 was assigned to this vulnerability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "be.e_contract.dssp:dssp-client"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.3.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-15011"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-611"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-01-12T23:42:07Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-01-06T10:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability classified as problematic was found in e-Contract dssp up to 1.3.1. Affected by this vulnerability is the function `checkSignResponse` of the file `dssp-client/src/main/java/be/e_contract/dssp/client/SignResponseVerifier.java`. The manipulation leads to xml external entity reference. Upgrading to version 1.3.2 can address this issue. The name of the patch is ec4238349691ec66dd30b416ec6eaab02d722302. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The identifier VDB-217549 was assigned to this vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-77cc-w3wm-6whp",
  "modified": "2023-01-12T23:42:07Z",
  "published": "2023-01-06T12:31:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-15011"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/e-Contract/dssp/commit/ec4238349691ec66dd30b416ec6eaab02d722302"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/e-Contract/dssp"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/e-Contract/dssp/releases/tag/dssp-1.3.2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.217549"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.217549"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "dssp vulnerable to Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference"
}

GHSA-77HP-PFXW-4W63

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2018-12-20 22:02 – Updated: 2022-09-14 22:20
VLAI
Summary
XML External Entity (XXE) vulnerability in codelibs fess
Details

codelibs fess version before commit faa265b contains a XML External Entity (XXE) vulnerability in GSA XML file parser that can result in Disclosure of confidential data, denial of service, SSRF, port scanning. This attack appear to be exploitable via specially crafted GSA XML files. This vulnerability appears to have been fixed in after commit faa265b.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.codelibs.fess:fess"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "12.3.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-1000822"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-611"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2020-06-16T21:21:51Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "codelibs fess version before commit faa265b contains a XML External Entity (XXE) vulnerability in GSA XML file parser that can result in Disclosure of confidential data, denial of service, SSRF, port scanning. This attack appear to be exploitable via specially crafted GSA XML files. This vulnerability appears to have been fixed in after commit faa265b.",
  "id": "GHSA-77hp-pfxw-4w63",
  "modified": "2022-09-14T22:20:53Z",
  "published": "2018-12-20T22:02:09Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-1000822"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/codelibs/fess/issues/1851"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://0dd.zone/2018/10/27/fess-XXE"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-77hp-pfxw-4w63"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/codelibs/fess"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "XML External Entity (XXE) vulnerability in codelibs fess"
}

GHSA-77JG-CPW9-73VG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-11-30 12:30 – Updated: 2025-02-13 19:25
VLAI
Summary
Apache Cocoon Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference vulnerability
Details

Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference vulnerability in Apache Cocoon. This issue affects Apache Cocoon: from 2.2.0 before 2.3.0.

Users are recommended to upgrade to version 2.3.0, which fixes the issue.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.apache.cocoon:cocoon"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.2.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.3.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-49733"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-611"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-11-30T19:51:43Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-11-30T12:15:09Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference vulnerability in Apache Cocoon. This issue affects Apache Cocoon: from 2.2.0 before 2.3.0.\n\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 2.3.0, which fixes the issue.",
  "id": "GHSA-77jg-cpw9-73vg",
  "modified": "2025-02-13T19:25:43Z",
  "published": "2023-11-30T12:30:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-49733"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/apache/cocoon"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/t87nntzt6dxw354zbqr9k7l7o1x8gq11"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/11/30/5"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Apache Cocoon Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference vulnerability"
}

GHSA-77M5-RM2P-M2QH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-11 09:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:23
VLAI
Details

National land numerical information data conversion tool all versions improperly restricts XML external entity references (XXE). By processing a specially crafted XML file, arbitrary files on the PC may be accessed by an attacker.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-25955"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-611"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-04-11T09:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "National land numerical information data conversion tool all versions improperly restricts XML external entity references (XXE). By processing a specially crafted XML file, arbitrary files on the PC may be accessed by an attacker.",
  "id": "GHSA-77m5-rm2p-m2qh",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T03:23:52Z",
  "published": "2023-04-11T09:30:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25955"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN75742861"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nlftp.mlit.go.jp/i_news.html#news4"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-78VM-22GJ-Q6CP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-06 21:30 – Updated: 2024-06-06 21:30
VLAI
Details

IBM Engineering Requirements Management DOORS Next 7.0.2 and 7.0.3 is vulnerable to an XML External Entity Injection (XXE) attack when processing XML data. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to expose sensitive information or consume memory resources. IBM X-Force ID: 268758.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-45192"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-611"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-06-06T19:15:50Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "IBM Engineering Requirements Management DOORS Next 7.0.2 and 7.0.3 is vulnerable to an XML External Entity Injection (XXE) attack when processing XML data. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to expose sensitive information or consume memory resources.  IBM X-Force ID:  268758.",
  "id": "GHSA-78vm-22gj-q6cp",
  "modified": "2024-06-06T21:30:35Z",
  "published": "2024-06-06T21:30:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-45192"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/268758"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7156492"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-7946-5RP5-F5V2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-25 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:40
VLAI
Details

An XXE issue was discovered in Nokia NetAct before 22 FP2211 via an XML document to a Performance Manager page. Input validation and a proper XML parser configuration are missing. For an external attacker, it is very difficult to exploit this, because a few dynamically created parameters such as Jsession-id, a CSRF token, and an Nxsrf token would be needed. The attack can realistically only be performed by an internal user.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-26058"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-611"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-04-25T13:15:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An XXE issue was discovered in Nokia NetAct before 22 FP2211 via an XML document to a Performance Manager page. Input validation and a proper XML parser configuration are missing. For an external attacker, it is very difficult to exploit this, because a few dynamically created parameters such as Jsession-id, a CSRF token, and an Nxsrf token would be needed. The attack can realistically only be performed by an internal user.",
  "id": "GHSA-7946-5rp5-f5v2",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T03:40:30Z",
  "published": "2023-04-25T15:30:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-26058"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nokia.com"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ptsecurity.com/ww-en/analytics/threatscape/pt-2022-02"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-79PR-23XJ-FHHQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:45 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:45
VLAI
Details

MuleSoft is aware of a XML External Entity (XXE) vulnerability affecting certain versions of a Mule runtime component that may affect both CloudHub and on-premise customers. Affected versions: Mule 4.x runtime released before February 2, 2021.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-1628"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-611"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-03-26T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "MuleSoft is aware of a XML External Entity (XXE) vulnerability affecting certain versions of a Mule runtime component that may affect both CloudHub and on-premise customers. Affected versions: Mule 4.x runtime released before February 2, 2021.",
  "id": "GHSA-79pr-23xj-fhhq",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:45:31Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:45:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1628"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://help.salesforce.com/articleView?id=000357384\u0026type=1\u0026mode=1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

Mitigation
Implementation System Configuration

Many XML parsers and validators can be configured to disable external entity expansion.

CAPEC-221: Data Serialization External Entities Blowup

This attack takes advantage of the entity replacement property of certain data serialization languages (e.g., XML, YAML, etc.) where the value of the replacement is a URI. A well-crafted file could have the entity refer to a URI that consumes a large amount of resources to create a denial of service condition. This can cause the system to either freeze, crash, or execute arbitrary code depending on the URI.