Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-639

Allowed

Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key

Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete

The system's authorization functionality does not prevent one user from gaining access to another user's data or record by modifying the key value identifying the data.

3360 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-9CW8-P5P2-35PF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-11 09:30 – Updated: 2026-04-08 21:32
VLAI
Details

The POST SMTP Mailer – Email log, Delivery Failure Notifications and Best Mail SMTP for WordPress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of data and modification of data due to a type juggling issue on the connect-app REST endpoint in all versions up to, and including, 2.8.7. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to reset the API key used to authenticate to the mailer and view logs, including password reset emails, allowing site takeover.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-6875"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-639",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-01-11T09:15:52Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "The POST SMTP Mailer \u2013 Email log, Delivery Failure Notifications and Best Mail SMTP for WordPress plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of data and modification of data due to a type juggling issue on the connect-app REST endpoint in all versions up to, and including, 2.8.7. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to reset the API key used to authenticate to the mailer and view logs, including password reset emails, allowing site takeover.",
  "id": "GHSA-9cw8-p5p2-35pf",
  "modified": "2026-04-08T21:32:11Z",
  "published": "2024-01-11T09:30:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-6875"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/post-smtp/trunk/Postman/Mobile/includes/rest-api/v1/rest-api.php#L60"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3016051/post-smtp/trunk?contextall=1\u0026old=3012318\u0026old_path=%2Fpost-smtp%2Ftrunk"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/e675d64c-cbb8-4f24-9b6f-2597a97b49af?source=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/176525/WordPress-POST-SMTP-Mailer-2.8.7-Authorization-Bypass-Cross-Site-Scripting.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9F9F-HRXG-722W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-13 03:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:38
VLAI
Details

The Simplr Registration Form Plus+ plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object References in versions up to, and including, 2.4.5. This is due to the plugin providing user-controlled access to objects, letting a user bypass authorization and access system resources. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers with subscriber-level permissions or above to change user passwords and potentially take over administrator accounts.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-4213"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-639"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-09-13T03:15:08Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The Simplr Registration Form Plus+ plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object References in versions up to, and including, 2.4.5. This is due to the plugin providing user-controlled access to objects, letting a user bypass authorization and access system resources. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers with subscriber-level permissions or above to change user passwords and potentially take over administrator accounts.",
  "id": "GHSA-9f9f-hrxg-722w",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T07:38:41Z",
  "published": "2023-09-13T03:30:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-4213"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/simplr-registration-form/trunk/lib/profile.php#L148"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/6ddf0452-3afe-4ada-bccc-30c818968a81?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9FHW-HF7X-9GJC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-09 00:30 – Updated: 2025-04-23 18:30
VLAI
Details

Canon Medical Informatics Vitrea Vision 7.7.76.1 does not adequately enforce access controls. An authenticated user is able to gain unauthorized access to imaging records by tampering with the vitrea-view/studies/search patientId parameter.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-38765"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-639"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-12-09T00:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Canon Medical Informatics Vitrea Vision 7.7.76.1 does not adequately enforce access controls. An authenticated user is able to gain unauthorized access to imaging records by tampering with the vitrea-view/studies/search patientId parameter.",
  "id": "GHSA-9fhw-hf7x-9gjc",
  "modified": "2025-04-23T18:30:40Z",
  "published": "2022-12-09T00:30:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-38765"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vitalimages.com/customer-success-support-program/vital-images-software-security-updates"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9FWV-9WQG-4PM8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-08 15:30 – Updated: 2025-08-08 15:30
VLAI
Details

IBM Cloud Pak for Business Automation 24.0.0 through 24.0.0 IF005 and 24.0.1 through 24.0.1 IF002 could allow an authenticated user to view sensitive user and system information due to an indirect object reference through a user-controlled key.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-36023"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-639"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-08T15:15:28Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "IBM Cloud Pak for Business Automation 24.0.0 through 24.0.0 IF005 and 24.0.1 through 24.0.1 IF002 could allow an authenticated user to view sensitive user and system information due to an indirect object reference through a user-controlled key.",
  "id": "GHSA-9fwv-9wqg-4pm8",
  "modified": "2025-08-08T15:30:33Z",
  "published": "2025-08-08T15:30:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-36023"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7241570"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9GGX-QHC4-9PWW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-10 18:31 – Updated: 2026-03-12 21:34
VLAI
Details

An improper authorization vulnerability was identified in GitHub Enterprise Server that allowed a user with read access to a repository and write access to a project to modify issue and pull request metadata through the project. When adding an item to a project that already existed, column value updates were applied without verifying the actor's repository write permissions. This vulnerability was reported via the GitHub Bug Bounty program and has been fixed in GitHub Enterprise Server versions 3.14.24, 3.15.19, 3.16.15, 3.17.12, 3.18.6 and 3.19.3.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-3306"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-639"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-10T18:19:01Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An improper authorization vulnerability was identified in GitHub Enterprise Server that allowed a user with read access to a repository and write access to a project to modify issue and pull request metadata through the project. When adding an item to a project that already existed, column value updates were applied without verifying the actor\u0027s repository write permissions. This vulnerability was reported via the GitHub Bug Bounty program and has been fixed in GitHub Enterprise Server versions 3.14.24, 3.15.19, 3.16.15, 3.17.12, 3.18.6 and 3.19.3.",
  "id": "GHSA-9ggx-qhc4-9pww",
  "modified": "2026-03-12T21:34:40Z",
  "published": "2026-03-10T18:31:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-3306"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.14/admin/release-notes#3.14.24"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.15/admin/release-notes#3.15.19"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.16/admin/release-notes#3.16.15"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.17/admin/release-notes#3.17.12"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.18/admin/release-notes#3.18.6"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.github.com/en/enterprise-server@3.19/admin/release-notes#3.19.3"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9GJ6-RWQC-4WVP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-09 18:30 – Updated: 2026-01-20 15:32
VLAI
Details

Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in ThimPress Thim Elementor Kit thim-elementor-kit allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Thim Elementor Kit: from n/a through <= 1.3.3.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-67594"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-639"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-09T16:18:37Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in ThimPress Thim Elementor Kit thim-elementor-kit allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Thim Elementor Kit: from n/a through \u003c= 1.3.3.",
  "id": "GHSA-9gj6-rwqc-4wvp",
  "modified": "2026-01-20T15:32:12Z",
  "published": "2025-12-09T18:30:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-67594"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/thim-elementor-kit/vulnerability/wordpress-thim-elementor-kit-plugin-1-3-3-insecure-direct-object-references-idor-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/thim-elementor-kit/vulnerability/wordpress-thim-elementor-kit-plugin-1-3-3-insecure-direct-object-references-idor-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9GP9-G392-77V9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-06 06:30 – Updated: 2026-06-06 06:30
VLAI
Details

The Booking Package plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Privilege Escalation via Account Takeover in versions up to, and including, 1.7.16. This is due to a missing capability check on the 'updateUser' branch of the package_app_action AJAX endpoint, where the handler only validates a nonce and the dispatcher invokes Schedule::updateUser() with the $administrator argument hard-coded to 1, bypassing the only owner-restriction check inside that function and allowing the target user to be determined solely by attacker-supplied input passed directly to wp_update_user(). This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Editor-level access and above, to change the email address and password of any account, including Administrator accounts, resulting in a full site takeover.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-9851"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-639"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-06T05:16:30Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The Booking Package plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Privilege Escalation via Account Takeover in versions up to, and including, 1.7.16. This is due to a missing capability check on the \u0027updateUser\u0027 branch of the package_app_action AJAX endpoint, where the handler only validates a nonce and the dispatcher invokes Schedule::updateUser() with the $administrator argument hard-coded to 1, bypassing the only owner-restriction check inside that function and allowing the target user to be determined solely by attacker-supplied input passed directly to wp_update_user(). This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Editor-level access and above, to change the email address and password of any account, including Administrator accounts, resulting in a full site takeover.",
  "id": "GHSA-9gp9-g392-77v9",
  "modified": "2026-06-06T06:30:30Z",
  "published": "2026-06-06T06:30:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-9851"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/booking-package/tags/1.7.13/index.php#L4416"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/booking-package/tags/1.7.13/index.php#L4477"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/booking-package/tags/1.7.13/lib/Schedule.php#L868"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3558752%40booking-package\u0026new=3558752%40booking-package\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/795c1fd6-137b-4414-8d6b-30053bfb5924?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9H3C-44HP-VC82

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 00:01 – Updated: 2022-05-25 00:00
VLAI
Details

onlinetolls in cdSoft Onlinetools-Smart Winhotel.MX 2021 allows an attacker to download sensitive information about any customer (e.g., data of birth, full address, mail information, and phone number) via GastKont Insecure Direct Object Reference.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-27247"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-639"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-05-13T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "onlinetolls in cdSoft Onlinetools-Smart Winhotel.MX 2021 allows an attacker to download sensitive information about any customer (e.g., data of birth, full address, mail information, and phone number) via GastKont Insecure Direct Object Reference.",
  "id": "GHSA-9h3c-44hp-vc82",
  "modified": "2022-05-25T00:00:35Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T00:01:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-27247"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://myses.de/#about"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://myses.de/pdf/CVE2022-27247.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9H89-8JMF-G7HG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-02 19:00 – Updated: 2022-11-03 19:00
VLAI
Details

An improper access control vulnerability [CWE-284] in FortiMail 7.2.0, 7.0.0 through 7.0.3, 6.4 all versions, 6.2 all versions, 6.0 all versions may allow an authenticated admin user assigned to a specific domain to access and modify other domains information via insecure direct object references (IDOR).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-39945"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-639"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-11-02T12:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An improper access control vulnerability [CWE-284] in FortiMail 7.2.0, 7.0.0 through 7.0.3, 6.4 all versions, 6.2 all versions, 6.0 all versions may allow an authenticated admin user assigned to a specific domain to access and modify other domains information via insecure direct object references (IDOR).",
  "id": "GHSA-9h89-8jmf-g7hg",
  "modified": "2022-11-03T19:00:23Z",
  "published": "2022-11-02T19:00:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-39945"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://fortiguard.com/psirt/FG-IR-22-066"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9H89-9CWP-Q9P5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-17 03:31 – Updated: 2024-10-17 03:31
VLAI
Details

The Co-Authors, Multiple Authors and Guest Authors in an Author Box with PublishPress Authors plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference to Privilege Escalation/Account Takeover in all versions up to, and including, 4.7.1 via the action_edited_author() due to missing validation on the 'authors-user_id' user controlled key. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Author-level access and above, to update arbitrary user accounts email addresses, including administrators, which can then be leveraged to reset that user's account password and gain access.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-9215"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-639"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-10-17T02:15:02Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The Co-Authors, Multiple Authors and Guest Authors in an Author Box with PublishPress Authors plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference to Privilege Escalation/Account Takeover in all versions up to, and including, 4.7.1 via the action_edited_author() due to missing validation on the \u0027authors-user_id\u0027 user controlled key. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Author-level access and above, to update arbitrary user accounts email addresses, including administrators, which can then be leveraged to reset that user\u0027s account password and gain access.",
  "id": "GHSA-9h89-9cwp-q9p5",
  "modified": "2024-10-17T03:31:31Z",
  "published": "2024-10-17T03:31:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-9215"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/publishpress-authors/tags/4.7.1/src/core/Classes/Author_Editor.php#L594"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3169244%40publishpress-authors\u0026new=3169244%40publishpress-authors\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=#file7"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/d0506137-82e3-4988-9b23-370465a866c0?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

For each and every data access, ensure that the user has sufficient privilege to access the record that is being requested.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design Implementation

Make sure that the key that is used in the lookup of a specific user's record is not controllable externally by the user or that any tampering can be detected.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use encryption in order to make it more difficult to guess other legitimate values of the key or associate a digital signature with the key so that the server can verify that there has been no tampering.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.