Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-674

Allowed-with-Review

Uncontrolled Recursion

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product does not properly control the amount of recursion that takes place, consuming excessive resources, such as allocated memory or the program stack.

616 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-48734 (GCVE-0-2026-48734)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-10 21:55 – Updated: 2026-06-11 12:44
VLAI
Title
ImageMagick: Stack Overflow in MVG decoder
Summary
ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to versions 6.9.13-49 and 7.1.2-24, a crafted MVG file could result in a stack overflow due to a missing depth or visited-set check. This issue has been patched in versions 6.9.13-49 and 7.1.2-24.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ImageMagick ImageMagick Affected: < 6.9.13-49
Affected: < 7.1.2-24
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CVE-2026-48712 (GCVE-0-2026-48712)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-22 16:21 – Updated: 2026-06-23 15:54
VLAI
Title
protobufjs: Denial of service through unbounded Any expansion during JSON conversion
Summary
protobufjs compiles protobuf definitions into JavaScript (JS) functions. Prior to 7.6.1 and 8.4.1, protobufjs could recurse without a depth limit while converting decoded messages to plain objects or JSON. This affected generated toObject() conversion and the custom google.protobuf.Any JSON conversion path. A crafted protobuf binary payload containing deeply nested Any values could cause the JavaScript call stack to be exhausted during conversion to JSON. This vulnerability is fixed in 7.6.1 and 8.4.1.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
protobufjs protobuf.js Affected: < 7.6.1
Affected: >= 8.0.0, < 8.4.1
Create a notification for this product.
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CVE-2026-48513 (GCVE-0-2026-48513)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-22 21:12 – Updated: 2026-06-25 15:17
VLAI
Title
MessagePack-CSharp: DynamicUnionResolver generated deserializers miss depth enforcement
Summary
MessagePack for C# is a MessagePack serializer for C#. Prior to 2.5.301 and 3.1.7, runtime-generated union deserializers emitted by DynamicUnionResolver do not call MessagePackSecurity.DepthStep(ref reader) and do not decrement reader.Depth around recursive deserialization and skip paths. This means union deserialization does not consistently participate in the maximum object graph depth enforcement that protects other recursive formatter paths. For unknown union keys, the emitted deserializer calls reader.Skip() on attacker-controlled data without an enclosing depth step. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.5.301 and 3.1.7.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
MessagePack-CSharp MessagePack-CSharp Affected: >= 3.0, < 3.1.7
Affected: < 2.5.301
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2026-48512 (GCVE-0-2026-48512)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-22 21:14 – Updated: 2026-06-25 15:16
VLAI
Title
MessagePack-CSharp: JSON conversion APIs can recurse without consistent depth enforcement
Summary
MessagePack for C# is a MessagePack serializer for C#. Prior to 2.5.301 and 3.1.7, MessagePack-CSharp's JSON conversion helpers contain multiple recursion paths that do not consistently enforce a depth limit. These paths are in the JSON conversion component rather than normal typed MessagePack deserialization. MessagePackSerializer.ConvertFromJson recursively processes nested JSON arrays and objects in FromJsonCore() without consulting MessagePackSecurity.MaximumObjectGraphDepth. TinyJsonReader.ReadNextToken() recursively consumes comma and colon separator characters, allowing even malformed JSON with long separator runs to consume one stack frame per character. MessagePackSerializer.ConvertToJson applies depth checks to arrays and maps, but the typeless extension branch for ext-100 recursively calls ToJsonCore() without applying MessagePackSecurity.DepthStep(ref reader). Each path can allow attacker-controlled input to exhaust the process stack and trigger an uncatchable StackOverflowException instead of failing with a catchable parse or serialization exception. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.5.301 and 3.1.7.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
MessagePack-CSharp MessagePack-CSharp Affected: >= 3.0, < 3.1.7
Affected: < 2.5.301
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-48506 (GCVE-0-2026-48506)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-22 21:17 – Updated: 2026-06-23 12:13
VLAI
Title
MessagePack-CSharp: MessagePackReader.Skip can recurse without enforcing maximum object graph depth
Summary
MessagePack for C# is a MessagePack serializer for C#. Prior to 2.5.301 and 3.1.7, MessagePackReader.TrySkip() recursively descends into nested arrays and maps without incrementing the reader depth or calling the configured depth checks. This bypasses MessagePackSecurity.MaximumObjectGraphDepth, the library's documented protection against deeply nested object graphs. Many generated and dynamic formatters call reader.Skip() when they encounter unknown map keys, unknown array members, ignored fields, or data that should be skipped for forward compatibility. A deeply nested value in one of these skipped positions can therefore cause unbounded recursion and an uncatchable StackOverflowException. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.5.301 and 3.1.7.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
MessagePack-CSharp MessagePack-CSharp Affected: >= 3.1.7, < 3.1.7
Affected: < 2.5.301
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-48502 (GCVE-0-2026-48502)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-22 21:18 – Updated: 2026-06-23 15:05
VLAI
Title
MessagePack-CSharp: Denial of service vulnerabilities can swamp the CPU or crash the process with stack and heap overflows
Summary
MessagePack for C# is a MessagePack serializer for C#. Prior to 2.5.301 and 3.1.7, MessagePackReader.ReadDateTime() can allocate stack memory based on an attacker-controlled MessagePack extension length. In the slow path for timestamp extension parsing, the computed tokenSize includes the extension body length from the wire and is used in a stackalloc operation before the extension length is validated as one of the valid timestamp sizes. A very small payload can claim a large timestamp extension body and cause a stack allocation large enough to trigger an uncatchable StackOverflowException, terminating the host process. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.5.301 and 3.1.7.
Severity
8.2 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
  • CWE-190 - Integer Overflow or Wraparound
  • CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
  • CWE-409 - Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
  • CWE-470 - Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code ('Unsafe Reflection')
  • CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
  • CWE-674 - Uncontrolled Recursion
  • CWE-789 - Memory Allocation with Excessive Size Value
  • CWE-1188 - Insecure Default Initialization of Resource
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
MessagePack-CSharp MessagePack-CSharp Affected: >= 3.1.7, < 3.1.7
Affected: < 2.5.301
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CVE-2026-47770 (GCVE-0-2026-47770)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-25 17:22 – Updated: 2026-06-26 18:42
VLAI
Title
jq: stack overflow in deep structural equality
Summary
jq is a command-line JSON processor. Prior to 1.8.2, comparing two sufficiently deeply nested arrays with the == operator exhausts the C stack on jq's ordinary command-line surface, resulting in denial of service via stack exhaustion (uncontrolled recursion). The crash occurs in jq's recursive structural comparison code, with the recursion repeating through jvp_array_equal() and jv_equal() in src/jv.c when comparing deeply nested arrays; a nearby sort comparator path through jv_cmp() in src/jv_aux.c overflows the stack at a larger nesting depth from the same missing recursion guard. Anyone running jq comparisons on attacker-controlled deeply nested JSON values, or embedding jq in a context where untrusted data can reach the == comparison path, is affected. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.8.2.
Severity
6.8 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
jqlang jq Affected: < 1.8.2
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CVE-2026-47706 (GCVE-0-2026-47706)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-04 14:06 – Updated: 2026-06-04 15:38
VLAI
Title
Strawberry GraphQL has a Circular Fragment Reference DOS
Summary
Strawberry GraphQL is a library for creating GraphQL APIs. In versions 0.71.0 through 0.315.6, the QueryDepthLimiter extension is vulnerable to an Application-level DOS due to a lack of cycle detection in fragment spreads. When a query contains circular fragment references the determine_depth function enters an infinite recursion, leading to a RecursionError and crashing the validation process. Version 0.315.7 patches the issue.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
  • CWE-674 - Uncontrolled Recursion
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
strawberry-graphql strawberry Affected: >= 0.71.0, < 0.315.7
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CVE-2026-47320 (GCVE-0-2026-47320)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-04 09:38 – Updated: 2026-06-07 23:35
VLAI
Summary
Access of uninitialized pointer, Uncontrolled Recursion vulnerability in Samsung Open Source rlottie allows Pointer Manipulation, Oversized Serialized Data Payloads. This issue affects rlottie: before eae37633fda13ac05b25c6c95aacea4bc33c80a3.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-824 - Access of uninitialized pointer
  • CWE-674 - Uncontrolled Recursion
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Samsung Open Source rlottie Unaffected: eae37633fda13ac05b25c6c95aacea4bc33c80a3
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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CVE-2026-47317 (GCVE-0-2026-47317)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-19 06:34 – Updated: 2026-05-19 13:24
VLAI
Summary
Uncontrolled Recursion vulnerability in Samsung Open Source Escargot allows Excessive Allocation. This issue affects Escargot: 590345cc6258317c5da850d846ce6baaf2afc2d3.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Samsung Open Source Escargot Affected: 590345cc6258317c5da850d846ce6baaf2afc2d3
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation
Implementation

Ensure that an end condition will be reached under all logic conditions. The end condition may include checking against the depth of recursion and exiting with an error if the recursion goes too deep. The complexity of the end condition contributes to the effectiveness of this action.

Mitigation
Implementation

Increase the stack size.

CAPEC-230: Serialized Data with Nested Payloads

Applications often need to transform data in and out of a data format (e.g., XML and YAML) by using a parser. It may be possible for an adversary to inject data that may have an adverse effect on the parser when it is being processed. Many data format languages allow the definition of macro-like structures that can be used to simplify the creation of complex structures. By nesting these structures, causing the data to be repeatedly substituted, an adversary can cause the parser to consume more resources while processing, causing excessive memory consumption and CPU utilization.

CAPEC-231: Oversized Serialized Data Payloads

An adversary injects oversized serialized data payloads into a parser during data processing to produce adverse effects upon the parser such as exhausting system resources and arbitrary code execution.

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