CWE-77
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
5383 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-938V-J4J7-5C9M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-11 00:01 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:00TOTOLink N600R V5.3c.7159_B20190425 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability via the devicename parameter in /setting/setDeviceName.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-28910"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-05-10T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "TOTOLink N600R V5.3c.7159_B20190425 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability via the devicename parameter in /setting/setDeviceName.",
"id": "GHSA-938v-j4j7-5c9m",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:00:59Z",
"published": "2022-05-11T00:01:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-28910"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/EPhaha/IOT_vuln/tree/main/TOTOLink/N600R/9"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9394-FQHW-QHR3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-16 06:31 – Updated: 2026-02-16 06:31A vulnerability was identified in Comfast CF-E4 2.6.0.1. This impacts an unknown function of the file /cgi-bin/mbox-config?method=SET§ion=ntp_timezone of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. Such manipulation of the argument timestr leads to command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-2537"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-74",
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-16T06:16:22Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was identified in Comfast CF-E4 2.6.0.1. This impacts an unknown function of the file /cgi-bin/mbox-config?method=SET\u0026section=ntp_timezone of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. Such manipulation of the argument timestr leads to command injection. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-9394-fqhw-qhr3",
"modified": "2026-02-16T06:31:29Z",
"published": "2026-02-16T06:31:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-2537"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cha0yang1/COMFAST/blob/main/RCE.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.346125"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.346125"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.749196"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-93CF-3R2J-7PMJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-27 00:01 – Updated: 2022-01-08 00:00Certain NETGEAR devices are affected by command injection by an authenticated user. This affects AC2100 before 1.2.0.88, AC2400 before 1.2.0.88, AC2600 before 1.2.0.88, D7000 before 1.0.1.82, R6220 before 1.1.0.110, R6230 before 1.1.0.110, R6260 before 1.1.0.84, R6330 before 1.1.0.84, R6350 before 1.1.0.84, R6700v2 before 1.2.0.88, R6800 before 1.2.0.88, R6850 before 1.1.0.84, R6900v2 before 1.2.0.88, R7200 before 1.2.0.88, R7350 before 1.2.0.88, R7400 before 1.2.0.88, and R7450 before 1.2.0.88.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-45534"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-26T01:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Certain NETGEAR devices are affected by command injection by an authenticated user. This affects AC2100 before 1.2.0.88, AC2400 before 1.2.0.88, AC2600 before 1.2.0.88, D7000 before 1.0.1.82, R6220 before 1.1.0.110, R6230 before 1.1.0.110, R6260 before 1.1.0.84, R6330 before 1.1.0.84, R6350 before 1.1.0.84, R6700v2 before 1.2.0.88, R6800 before 1.2.0.88, R6850 before 1.1.0.84, R6900v2 before 1.2.0.88, R7200 before 1.2.0.88, R7350 before 1.2.0.88, R7400 before 1.2.0.88, and R7450 before 1.2.0.88.",
"id": "GHSA-93cf-3r2j-7pmj",
"modified": "2022-01-08T00:00:59Z",
"published": "2021-12-27T00:01:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-45534"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://immersivelabs.com/resources/blog/netgear-vulnerabilities-could-put-small-business-routers-at-risk"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://kb.netgear.com/000064406/Security-Advisory-for-Post-Authentication-Command-Injection-on-Some-Routers-and-DSL-Modem-Routers-PSV-2021-0172"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-93FC-8266-2P5R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-14 18:31 – Updated: 2025-08-15 18:31An issue was discovered in phome Empirebak 2010 in ebak2008/upload/class/config.php allowing attackers to execute arbitrary code when the config file was loaded.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-50515"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-14T17:15:40Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in phome Empirebak 2010 in ebak2008/upload/class/config.php allowing attackers to execute arbitrary code when the config file was loaded.",
"id": "GHSA-93fc-8266-2p5r",
"modified": "2025-08-15T18:31:11Z",
"published": "2025-08-14T18:31:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-50515"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/Master-0-0/5debd3fbda86edabb1ee80e25c029663"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.yuque.com/lcc316/df0kgm/bfzpfvb6yaat45nt"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-93FJ-26P2-QQGH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-12 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:36D-Link DIR-816 A2 1.10 B05 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability via the component /goform/Diagnosis.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-39637"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-09-12T12:15:08Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "D-Link DIR-816 A2 1.10 B05 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability via the component /goform/Diagnosis.",
"id": "GHSA-93fj-26p2-qqgh",
"modified": "2024-04-04T07:36:59Z",
"published": "2023-09-12T15:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-39637"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/mmmmmx1/dlink/blob/main/DIR-816/readme.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dlink.com/en/security-bulletin"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://d-link.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.dlink.com.cn/techsupport/ProductInfo.aspx?m=DIR-816"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-93G5-6MV3-72QP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:17 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:17Huawei iManager NetEco with software V600R008C00 and V600R008C10 has a command injection vulnerability. An authenticated, remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to send malicious packets to a target device. Successful exploit could enable a low privileged user to execute commands that a high privileged user could execute, causing the files to be tampered with or deleted.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-8133"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-11-22T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Huawei iManager NetEco with software V600R008C00 and V600R008C10 has a command injection vulnerability. An authenticated, remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to send malicious packets to a target device. Successful exploit could enable a low privileged user to execute commands that a high privileged user could execute, causing the files to be tampered with or deleted.",
"id": "GHSA-93g5-6mv3-72qp",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:17:52Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:17:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-8133"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.huawei.com/en/psirt/security-advisories/huawei-sa-20170531-01-neteco-en"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-93PH-F5X2-Q43J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-09 00:00 – Updated: 2026-07-05 03:30Command injection vulnerability was discovered in Netgear R6200 v2 firmware through R6200v2-V1.0.3.12 via binary /sbin/acos_service that could allow remote authenticated attackers the ability to modify values in the vulnerable parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-30079"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77",
"CWE-78"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-08T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Command injection vulnerability was discovered in Netgear R6200 v2 firmware through R6200v2-V1.0.3.12 via binary /sbin/acos_service that could allow remote authenticated attackers the ability to modify values in the vulnerable parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-93ph-f5x2-q43j",
"modified": "2026-07-05T03:30:50Z",
"published": "2022-09-09T00:00:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-30079"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/10TG/vulnerabilities/blob/main/Netgear/CVE-2022-30079/CVE-2022-30079.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.netgear.com/about/security"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://netgear.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://r6200v2.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-93R2-HRHR-F2PP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:26 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:26Command injection vulnerability in smart.cgi in Synology DiskStation Manager (DSM) before 5.2-5967-5 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands via disk field.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-15889"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-12-04T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Command injection vulnerability in smart.cgi in Synology DiskStation Manager (DSM) before 5.2-5967-5 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands via disk field.",
"id": "GHSA-93r2-hrhr-f2pp",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:26:15Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:26:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-15889"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.synology.com/en-global/support/security/Synology_SA_17_65_DSM"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/157807/Synology-DiskStation-Manager-smart.cgi-Remote-Command-Execution.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-93RV-MF2V-VV2R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-01 18:31 – Updated: 2026-06-01 18:31A vulnerability was found in php-censor up to 2.1.6. This affects an unknown function of the file src/Model/Build/GitBuild.php of the component Webhook Endpoint. Performing a manipulation of the argument commitId results in os command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The patch is named cd68d102601320bd319d590b75f7652e66f0685f. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-10273"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-01T17:16:43Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in php-censor up to 2.1.6. This affects an unknown function of the file src/Model/Build/GitBuild.php of the component Webhook Endpoint. Performing a manipulation of the argument commitId results in os command injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The patch is named cd68d102601320bd319d590b75f7652e66f0685f. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue.",
"id": "GHSA-93rv-mf2v-vv2r",
"modified": "2026-06-01T18:31:50Z",
"published": "2026-06-01T18:31:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-10273"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/php-censor/php-censor/issues/442"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/php-censor/php-censor/pull/441"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/php-censor/php-censor/commit/cd68d102601320bd319d590b75f7652e66f0685f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/php-censor/php-censor"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-10273"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/825315"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/367552"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/367552/cti"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-93V4-M39H-7XG6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-25 21:30 – Updated: 2023-11-01 18:30TOTOLINK X6000R v9.4.0cu.652_B20230116 was discovered to contain a command execution vulnerability via the sub_ 41CC04 function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-46409"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-10-25T20:15:12Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "TOTOLINK X6000R v9.4.0cu.652_B20230116 was discovered to contain a command execution vulnerability via the sub_ 41CC04 function.",
"id": "GHSA-93v4-m39h-7xg6",
"modified": "2023-11-01T18:30:32Z",
"published": "2023-10-25T21:30:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-46409"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/XYIYM/Digging/blob/main/TOTOLINK/X6000R/13/1.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.totolink.cn/index.php/home/menu/detail.html?menu_listtpl=download\u0026id=88\u0026ids=36"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Mitigation
If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
Mitigation
Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection
An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection
An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.
CAPEC-248: Command Injection
An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.
CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices
This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.
CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.