CWE-77
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
5383 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-G8HW-8GRV-27JH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:37 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:37Certain Zyxel products allow command injection by an admin via an input string to chg_exp_pwd during a password-change action. This affects VPN On-premise before ZLD V4.39 week38, VPN Orchestrator before SD-OS V10.03 week32, USG before ZLD V4.39 week38, USG FLEX before ZLD V4.55 week38, ATP before ZLD V4.55 week38, and NSG before 1.33 patch 4.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-29299"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-12-27T06:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Certain Zyxel products allow command injection by an admin via an input string to chg_exp_pwd during a password-change action. This affects VPN On-premise before ZLD V4.39 week38, VPN Orchestrator before SD-OS V10.03 week32, USG before ZLD V4.39 week38, USG FLEX before ZLD V4.55 week38, ATP before ZLD V4.55 week38, and NSG before 1.33 patch 4.",
"id": "GHSA-g8hw-8grv-27jh",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:37:27Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:37:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-29299"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zyxel.com/support/Zyxel-security-advisory-for-command-injection-vulnerability-of-firewalls.shtml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zyxel.com/us/en/support/security_advisories.shtml"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-G8JR-RHV6-H7CJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:28 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:28An issue was discovered in Titan SpamTitan 7.07. Improper input sanitization of the parameter community on the page snmp-x.php would allow a remote attacker to inject commands into the file snmpd.conf that would allow executing commands on the target server.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-11698"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-20",
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-09-17T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Titan SpamTitan 7.07. Improper input sanitization of the parameter community on the page snmp-x.php would allow a remote attacker to inject commands into the file snmpd.conf that would allow executing commands on the target server.",
"id": "GHSA-g8jr-rhv6-h7cj",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:28:51Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:28:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-11698"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/felmoltor"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sensepost.com/blog/2020/clash-of-the-spamtitan"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://twitter.com/felmoltor"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.spamtitan.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/159470/SpamTitan-7.07-Remote-Code-Execution.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/160809/SpamTitan-7.07-Command-Injection.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-G8MV-V454-JJC5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-27 03:31 – Updated: 2024-08-01 15:31An issue was discovered in Linksys Router E1700 version 1.0.04 (build 3), allows authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code via the setDateTime function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-22544"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-27T01:15:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Linksys Router E1700 version 1.0.04 (build 3), allows authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code via the setDateTime function.",
"id": "GHSA-g8mv-v454-jjc5",
"modified": "2024-08-01T15:31:28Z",
"published": "2024-02-27T03:31:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-22544"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://mat4mee.notion.site/Remote-Code-Execution-RCE-on-the-Linksys-Router-E1700-765c9bbf6a7f4171b670bc778bf9b005"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-G8PW-WQG3-Q7FW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-25 21:30 – Updated: 2023-11-01 18:30TOTOLINK X6000R v9.4.0cu.652_B20230116 was discovered to contain a remote command execution (RCE) vulnerability via the sub_41590C function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-46420"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-10-25T20:15:12Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "TOTOLINK X6000R v9.4.0cu.652_B20230116 was discovered to contain a remote command execution (RCE) vulnerability via the sub_41590C function.",
"id": "GHSA-g8pw-wqg3-q7fw",
"modified": "2023-11-01T18:30:32Z",
"published": "2023-10-25T21:30:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-46420"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/XYIYM/Digging/blob/main/TOTOLINK/X6000R/5/1.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.totolink.cn/index.php/home/menu/detail.html?menu_listtpl=download\u0026id=88\u0026ids=36"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-G8R9-M3MG-HWGH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:39 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:39IBM Security Guardium 10.6 and 11.2 could allow a local attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the system as an unprivileged user, caused by command injection vulnerability. IBM X-Force ID: 186700.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-4688"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-01-20T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "IBM Security Guardium 10.6 and 11.2 could allow a local attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the system as an unprivileged user, caused by command injection vulnerability. IBM X-Force ID: 186700.",
"id": "GHSA-g8r9-m3mg-hwgh",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:39:34Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:39:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-4688"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/186700"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/6405952"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-G8VP-6HV4-M67C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2020-09-11 21:23 – Updated: 2020-08-31 18:43Versions of entitlements prior to 1.3.0 are vulnerable to Command Injection. The package does not validate input on the entitlements function and concatenates it to an exec call, allowing attackers to run arbitrary commands in the system.
Recommendation
Upgrade to version 1.3.0 or later.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "entitlements"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.3.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-08-31T18:43:32Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Versions of `entitlements` prior to 1.3.0 are vulnerable to Command Injection. The package does not validate input on the `entitlements` function and concatenates it to an exec call, allowing attackers to run arbitrary commands in the system.\n\n\n## Recommendation\n\nUpgrade to version 1.3.0 or later.",
"id": "GHSA-g8vp-6hv4-m67c",
"modified": "2020-08-31T18:43:32Z",
"published": "2020-09-11T21:23:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/341869"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/998"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [],
"summary": "Command Injection in entitlements"
}
GHSA-G9G6-GVQ9-J4VP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-06 09:30 – Updated: 2026-07-06 09:30A vulnerability was detected in react create-react-app up to 5.0.1 on macOS. This affects the function startBrowserProcess of the file openBrowser.js of the component react-dev-utils. Performing a manipulation results in os command injection. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit is now public and may be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-14802"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-06T08:16:35Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was detected in react create-react-app up to 5.0.1 on macOS. This affects the function startBrowserProcess of the file openBrowser.js of the component react-dev-utils. Performing a manipulation results in os command injection. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit is now public and may be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.",
"id": "GHSA-g9g6-gvq9-j4vp",
"modified": "2026-07-06T09:30:27Z",
"published": "2026-07-06T09:30:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-14802"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/react/create-react-app/issues/17269"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/react/create-react-app"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-14802"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/850857"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/376396"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/376396/cti"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-G9MX-X5C2-8C9J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-05 18:34 – Updated: 2025-02-05 18:34A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco AsyncOS Software for Cisco Secure Email Gateway and Cisco Secure Web Appliance could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to perform command injection attacks against an affected device. The attacker must authenticate with valid administrator credentials.
This vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of XML configuration files by an affected device. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by uploading a crafted XML configuration file. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to inject commands to the underlying operating system with root privileges.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-20184"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-20",
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-05T17:15:25Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco AsyncOS Software for Cisco Secure Email Gateway and Cisco Secure Web Appliance could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to perform command injection attacks against an affected device. The attacker must authenticate with valid administrator credentials.\n\nThis vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of XML configuration files by an affected device. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by uploading a crafted XML configuration file. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to inject commands to the underlying operating system with root privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-g9mx-x5c2-8c9j",
"modified": "2025-02-05T18:34:45Z",
"published": "2025-02-05T18:34:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-20184"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-esa-sma-wsa-multi-yKUJhS34"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-G9PW-4JV9-FM5P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-27 00:01 – Updated: 2022-01-05 00:01Certain NETGEAR devices are affected by command injection by an authenticated user. This affects RBK752 before 3.2.16.6, RBR750 before 3.2.16.6, RBS750 before 3.2.16.6, RBK852 before 3.2.16.6, RBR850 before 3.2.16.6, and RBS850 before 3.2.16.6.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-45591"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-26T01:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Certain NETGEAR devices are affected by command injection by an authenticated user. This affects RBK752 before 3.2.16.6, RBR750 before 3.2.16.6, RBS750 before 3.2.16.6, RBK852 before 3.2.16.6, RBR850 before 3.2.16.6, and RBS850 before 3.2.16.6.",
"id": "GHSA-g9pw-4jv9-fm5p",
"modified": "2022-01-05T00:01:16Z",
"published": "2021-12-27T00:01:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-45591"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://kb.netgear.com/000064113/Security-Advisory-for-Post-Authentication-Command-Injection-on-Some-WiFi-Systems-PSV-2020-0099"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-G9W8-QH5R-4XG2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-15 12:30 – Updated: 2024-08-01 15:31Command injection vulnerability in MZK-MF300N all firmware versions allows a network-adjacent unauthenticated attacker to execute an arbitrary command by sending a specially crafted request to a certain port.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-30220"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77",
"CWE-78"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-15T11:15:08Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Command injection vulnerability in MZK-MF300N all firmware versions allows a network-adjacent unauthenticated attacker to execute an arbitrary command by sending a specially crafted request to a certain port.",
"id": "GHSA-g9w8-qh5r-4xg2",
"modified": "2024-08-01T15:31:39Z",
"published": "2024-04-15T12:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-30220"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/en/vu/JVNVU91975826"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Mitigation
If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
Mitigation
Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection
An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection
An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.
CAPEC-248: Command Injection
An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.
CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices
This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.
CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.