Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15109 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-MQCP-F5VW-2VMJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-22 21:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:05
VLAI
Details
There exists one heap buffer overflow in _TIFFmemcpy in tif_unix.c in libtiff 4.0.10, which allows an attacker to cause a denial-of-service through a crafted tiff file.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-18768"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-08-22T19:15:55Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "There exists one heap buffer overflow in _TIFFmemcpy in tif_unix.c in libtiff 4.0.10, which allows an attacker to cause a denial-of-service through a crafted tiff file.",
"id": "GHSA-mqcp-f5vw-2vmj",
"modified": "2024-04-04T07:05:31Z",
"published": "2023-08-22T21:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-18768"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://bugzilla.maptools.org/show_bug.cgi?id=2848"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MQCQ-679Q-9MCM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:01 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:01
VLAI
Details
An exploitable Code Execution vulnerability exists in the RequestForPatientInfoEEGfile functionality of Natus Xltek NeuroWorks 8. A specially crafted network packet can cause a stack buffer overflow resulting in arbitrary command execution. An attacker can send a malicious packet to trigger this vulnerability.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-2853"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-04-05T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An exploitable Code Execution vulnerability exists in the RequestForPatientInfoEEGfile functionality of Natus Xltek NeuroWorks 8. A specially crafted network packet can cause a stack buffer overflow resulting in arbitrary command execution. An attacker can send a malicious packet to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-mqcq-679q-9mcm",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:01:21Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:01:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-2853"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2017-0355"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104490"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MQCX-CQ92-W542
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:59 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:31
VLAI
Details
In Horner Automation Cscape 9.90 and prior, improper validation of data may cause the system to write outside the intended buffer area, which may allow arbitrary code execution.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-13545"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-10-18T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In Horner Automation Cscape 9.90 and prior, improper validation of data may cause the system to write outside the intended buffer area, which may allow arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-mqcx-cq92-w542",
"modified": "2024-04-04T02:31:31Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:59:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-13545"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.us-cert.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-19-290-02"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-19-903"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MQFC-82JX-3MR2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-12 14:02 – Updated: 2026-03-12 14:02
VLAI
Summary
ImageMagick has heap buffer overflow in YUV 4:2:2 decoder
Details
A heap buffer overflow write vulnerability exists in ReadYUVImage() (coders/yuv.c) when processing malicious YUV 4:2:2 (NoInterlace) images. The pixel-pair loop writes one pixel beyond the allocated row buffer.
=================================================================
==204642==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow on address 0x5170000002e0 at pc 0x562d21a7e8de bp 0x7fffa9ae1270 sp 0x7fffa9ae1260
WRITE of size 8 at 0x5170000002e0 thread T0
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-AnyCPU"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.10.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
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"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-AnyCPU"
},
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},
{
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"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-OpenMP-arm64"
},
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},
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"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-arm64"
},
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"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-x64"
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"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-x86"
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"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-x86"
},
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{
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},
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],
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}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-25986"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-12T14:02:35Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-24T02:16:02Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A heap buffer overflow write vulnerability exists in ReadYUVImage() (coders/yuv.c) when processing malicious YUV 4:2:2 (NoInterlace) images. The pixel-pair loop writes one pixel beyond the allocated row buffer.\n\n```\n=================================================================\n==204642==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow on address 0x5170000002e0 at pc 0x562d21a7e8de bp 0x7fffa9ae1270 sp 0x7fffa9ae1260\nWRITE of size 8 at 0x5170000002e0 thread T0\n```",
"id": "GHSA-mqfc-82jx-3mr2",
"modified": "2026-03-12T14:02:35Z",
"published": "2026-03-12T14:02:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-mqfc-82jx-3mr2"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-25986"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/dlemstra/Magick.NET/releases/tag/14.10.3"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "ImageMagick has heap buffer overflow in YUV 4:2:2 decoder"
}
GHSA-MQFF-QM67-CR66
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-31 00:31 – Updated: 2023-11-25 12:30
VLAI
Details
Out of bounds memory access in Mojo in Google Chrome prior to 114.0.5735.90 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-2934"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-05-30T22:15:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Out of bounds memory access in Mojo in Google Chrome prior to 114.0.5735.90 allowed a remote attacker to potentially exploit heap corruption via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)",
"id": "GHSA-mqff-qm67-cr66",
"modified": "2023-11-25T12:30:22Z",
"published": "2023-05-31T00:31:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-2934"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2023/05/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_30.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://crbug.com/1429720"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202311-11"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202401-34"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5418"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/173259/Chrome-Mojo-Message-Validation-Bypass.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MQFM-VC95-GG95
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-03 00:00 – Updated: 2022-07-03 00:00
VLAI
Details
NVIDIA DGX A100 contains a vulnerability in SBIOS in the BiosCfgTool, where a local user with elevated privileges can read and write beyond intended bounds in SMRAM, which may lead to code execution, escalation of privileges, denial of service, and information disclosure. The scope of impact can extend to other components.
Severity
8.2 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-28200"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-07-02T01:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "NVIDIA DGX A100 contains a vulnerability in SBIOS in the BiosCfgTool, where a local user with elevated privileges can read and write beyond intended bounds in SMRAM, which may lead to code execution, escalation of privileges, denial of service, and information disclosure. The scope of impact can extend to other components.",
"id": "GHSA-mqfm-vc95-gg95",
"modified": "2022-07-03T00:00:24Z",
"published": "2022-07-03T00:00:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-28200"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/5367"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MQH2-9WRP-VX84
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-05-21 14:24 – Updated: 2024-10-31 20:53
VLAI
Summary
Heap buffer overflow in `SparseSplit`
Details
Impact
An attacker can cause a heap buffer overflow in tf.raw_ops.SparseSplit:
import tensorflow as tf
shape_dims = tf.constant(0, dtype=tf.int64)
indices = tf.ones([1, 1], dtype=tf.int64)
values = tf.ones([1], dtype=tf.int64)
shape = tf.ones([1], dtype=tf.int64)
tf.raw_ops.SparseSplit(
split_dim=shape_dims, indices=indices, values=values,
shape=shape, num_split=1)
This is because the implementation accesses an array element based on a user controlled offset:
const int dim = input_tensor.indices().matrix<int64>()(i, split_dim);
int slice_index = GetSliceIndex(dim, split_size, residual);
num_values[slice_index]++;
This results in overriding values on the heap.
Patches
We have patched the issue in GitHub commit 8ba6fa29cd8bf9cef9b718dc31c78c73081f5b31.
The fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.5.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.4.2, TensorFlow 2.3.3, TensorFlow 2.2.3 and TensorFlow 2.1.4, as these are also affected and still in supported range.
For more information
Please consult our security guide for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.
Attribution
This vulnerability has been reported by Ying Wang and Yakun Zhang of Baidu X-Team.
Severity
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"ecosystem": "PyPI",
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"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-05-18T20:32:28Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-05-14T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "### Impact\nAn attacker can cause a heap buffer overflow in `tf.raw_ops.SparseSplit`:\n\n```python\nimport tensorflow as tf\n\nshape_dims = tf.constant(0, dtype=tf.int64)\nindices = tf.ones([1, 1], dtype=tf.int64)\nvalues = tf.ones([1], dtype=tf.int64)\nshape = tf.ones([1], dtype=tf.int64)\n\ntf.raw_ops.SparseSplit(\n split_dim=shape_dims, indices=indices, values=values,\n shape=shape, num_split=1)\n```\n\nThis is because the [implementation](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/699bff5d961f0abfde8fa3f876e6d241681fbef8/tensorflow/core/util/sparse/sparse_tensor.h#L528-L530) accesses an array element based on a user controlled offset:\n\n```cc\nconst int dim = input_tensor.indices().matrix\u003cint64\u003e()(i, split_dim);\nint slice_index = GetSliceIndex(dim, split_size, residual);\nnum_values[slice_index]++;\n```\n\nThis results in overriding values on the heap.\n\n### Patches\nWe have patched the issue in GitHub commit [8ba6fa29cd8bf9cef9b718dc31c78c73081f5b31](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/commit/8ba6fa29cd8bf9cef9b718dc31c78c73081f5b31).\n\nThe fix will be included in TensorFlow 2.5.0. We will also cherrypick this commit on TensorFlow 2.4.2, TensorFlow 2.3.3, TensorFlow 2.2.3 and TensorFlow 2.1.4, as these are also affected and still in supported range.\n\n### For more information\nPlease consult [our security guide](https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/master/SECURITY.md) for more information regarding the security model and how to contact us with issues and questions.\n\n### Attribution\nThis vulnerability has been reported by Ying Wang and Yakun Zhang of Baidu X-Team.",
"id": "GHSA-mqh2-9wrp-vx84",
"modified": "2024-10-31T20:53:20Z",
"published": "2021-05-21T14:24:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/security/advisories/GHSA-mqh2-9wrp-vx84"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-29558"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/commit/8ba6fa29cd8bf9cef9b718dc31c78c73081f5b31"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/tensorflow-cpu/PYSEC-2021-486.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/tensorflow-gpu/PYSEC-2021-684.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/tensorflow/PYSEC-2021-195.yaml"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Heap buffer overflow in `SparseSplit`"
}
GHSA-MQHH-G8W6-M92J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:44 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:44
VLAI
Details
K7 Antivirus Premium before 15.1.0.53 allows local users to gain privileges by sending a specific IOCTL after setting the memory in a particular way.
Severity
7.0 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-16551"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-01-16T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "K7 Antivirus Premium before 15.1.0.53 allows local users to gain privileges by sending a specific IOCTL after setting the memory in a particular way.",
"id": "GHSA-mqhh-g8w6-m92j",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:44:07Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:44:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16551"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.k7computing.com/index.php?/selfhelp/view-article/3rd-Advisory-issued-on-6th-November-2017"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MQHJ-HQXG-47H7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:04 – Updated: 2023-01-26 21:30
VLAI
Details
Unspecified vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player 21.0.0.242 and earlier, as used in the Adobe Flash libraries in Microsoft Internet Explorer 10 and 11 and Microsoft Edge, has unknown impact and attack vectors, a different vulnerability than other CVEs listed in MS16-083.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-4128"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2016-06-16T14:59:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Unspecified vulnerability in Adobe Flash Player 21.0.0.242 and earlier, as used in the Adobe Flash libraries in Microsoft Internet Explorer 10 and 11 and Microsoft Edge, has unknown impact and attack vectors, a different vulnerability than other CVEs listed in MS16-083.",
"id": "GHSA-mqhj-hqxg-47h7",
"modified": "2023-01-26T21:30:30Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:04:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-4128"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016:1238"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/securitybulletins/2016/ms16-083"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/flash-player/apsb16-18.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-06/msg00031.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-06/msg00035.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-06/msg00038.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1036117"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MQJ7-9QR8-4F6V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-27 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-09 00:00
VLAI
Details
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in Security Update 2022-004 Catalina, macOS Monterey 12.4, macOS Big Sur 11.6.6. An application may be able to gain elevated privileges.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-26715"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-05-26T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in Security Update 2022-004 Catalina, macOS Monterey 12.4, macOS Big Sur 11.6.6. An application may be able to gain elevated privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-mqj7-9qr8-4f6v",
"modified": "2022-06-09T00:00:30Z",
"published": "2022-05-27T00:00:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-26715"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213255"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213256"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213257"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.