Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-787

Allowed-with-Review

Out-of-bounds Write

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

15607 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-5GX5-6W46-474P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-07 03:30 – Updated: 2024-10-07 21:33
VLAI
Details

In power, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS08996886; Issue ID: MSV-1626.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-20098"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-10-07T03:15:03Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In power, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS08996886; Issue ID: MSV-1626.",
  "id": "GHSA-5gx5-6w46-474p",
  "modified": "2024-10-07T21:33:30Z",
  "published": "2024-10-07T03:30:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-20098"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/October-2024"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5GX7-F5J6-6R9Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-27 12:31 – Updated: 2024-04-10 18:30
VLAI
Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net/mlx5e: Wrap the tx reporter dump callback to extract the sq

Function mlx5e_tx_reporter_dump_sq() casts its void * argument to struct mlx5e_txqsq , but in TX-timeout-recovery flow the argument is actually of type struct mlx5e_tx_timeout_ctx .

mlx5_core 0000:08:00.1 enp8s0f1: TX timeout detected mlx5_core 0000:08:00.1 enp8s0f1: TX timeout on queue: 1, SQ: 0x11ec, CQ: 0x146d, SQ Cons: 0x0 SQ Prod: 0x1, usecs since last trans: 21565000 BUG: stack guard page was hit at 0000000093f1a2de (stack is 00000000b66ea0dc..000000004d932dae) kernel stack overflow (page fault): 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI CPU: 5 PID: 95 Comm: kworker/u20:1 Tainted: G W OE 5.13.0_mlnx #1 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS rel-1.13.0-0-gf21b5a4aeb02-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014 Workqueue: mlx5e mlx5e_tx_timeout_work [mlx5_core] RIP: 0010:mlx5e_tx_reporter_dump_sq+0xd3/0x180 [mlx5_core] Call Trace: mlx5e_tx_reporter_dump+0x43/0x1c0 [mlx5_core] devlink_health_do_dump.part.91+0x71/0xd0 devlink_health_report+0x157/0x1b0 mlx5e_reporter_tx_timeout+0xb9/0xf0 [mlx5_core] ? mlx5e_tx_reporter_err_cqe_recover+0x1d0/0x1d0 [mlx5_core] ? mlx5e_health_queue_dump+0xd0/0xd0 [mlx5_core] ? update_load_avg+0x19b/0x550 ? set_next_entity+0x72/0x80 ? pick_next_task_fair+0x227/0x340 ? finish_task_switch+0xa2/0x280 mlx5e_tx_timeout_work+0x83/0xb0 [mlx5_core] process_one_work+0x1de/0x3a0 worker_thread+0x2d/0x3c0 ? process_one_work+0x3a0/0x3a0 kthread+0x115/0x130 ? kthread_park+0x90/0x90 ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30 --[ end trace 51ccabea504edaff ]--- RIP: 0010:mlx5e_tx_reporter_dump_sq+0xd3/0x180 PKRU: 55555554 Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception Kernel Offset: disabled end Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception

To fix this bug add a wrapper for mlx5e_tx_reporter_dump_sq() which extracts the sq from struct mlx5e_tx_timeout_ctx and set it as the TX-timeout-recovery flow dump callback.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-46931"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-02-27T10:15:07Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet/mlx5e: Wrap the tx reporter dump callback to extract the sq\n\nFunction mlx5e_tx_reporter_dump_sq() casts its void * argument to struct\nmlx5e_txqsq *, but in TX-timeout-recovery flow the argument is actually\nof type struct mlx5e_tx_timeout_ctx *.\n\n mlx5_core 0000:08:00.1 enp8s0f1: TX timeout detected\n mlx5_core 0000:08:00.1 enp8s0f1: TX timeout on queue: 1, SQ: 0x11ec, CQ: 0x146d, SQ Cons: 0x0 SQ Prod: 0x1, usecs since last trans: 21565000\n BUG: stack guard page was hit at 0000000093f1a2de (stack is 00000000b66ea0dc..000000004d932dae)\n kernel stack overflow (page fault): 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI\n CPU: 5 PID: 95 Comm: kworker/u20:1 Tainted: G W OE 5.13.0_mlnx #1\n Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS rel-1.13.0-0-gf21b5a4aeb02-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014\n Workqueue: mlx5e mlx5e_tx_timeout_work [mlx5_core]\n RIP: 0010:mlx5e_tx_reporter_dump_sq+0xd3/0x180\n [mlx5_core]\n Call Trace:\n mlx5e_tx_reporter_dump+0x43/0x1c0 [mlx5_core]\n devlink_health_do_dump.part.91+0x71/0xd0\n devlink_health_report+0x157/0x1b0\n mlx5e_reporter_tx_timeout+0xb9/0xf0 [mlx5_core]\n ? mlx5e_tx_reporter_err_cqe_recover+0x1d0/0x1d0\n [mlx5_core]\n ? mlx5e_health_queue_dump+0xd0/0xd0 [mlx5_core]\n ? update_load_avg+0x19b/0x550\n ? set_next_entity+0x72/0x80\n ? pick_next_task_fair+0x227/0x340\n ? finish_task_switch+0xa2/0x280\n   mlx5e_tx_timeout_work+0x83/0xb0 [mlx5_core]\n   process_one_work+0x1de/0x3a0\n   worker_thread+0x2d/0x3c0\n ? process_one_work+0x3a0/0x3a0\n   kthread+0x115/0x130\n ? kthread_park+0x90/0x90\n   ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30\n --[ end trace 51ccabea504edaff ]---\n RIP: 0010:mlx5e_tx_reporter_dump_sq+0xd3/0x180\n PKRU: 55555554\n Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception\n Kernel Offset: disabled\n end Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception\n\nTo fix this bug add a wrapper for mlx5e_tx_reporter_dump_sq() which\nextracts the sq from struct mlx5e_tx_timeout_ctx and set it as the\nTX-timeout-recovery flow dump callback.",
  "id": "GHSA-5gx7-f5j6-6r9q",
  "modified": "2024-04-10T18:30:47Z",
  "published": "2024-02-27T12:31:10Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-46931"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/07f13d58a8ecc3baf9a488588fb38c5cb0db484f"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/73665165b64a8f3c5b3534009a69be55bb744f05"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/918fc3855a6507a200e9cf22c20be852c0982687"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5GX9-GR87-492V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-25 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-29 20:06
VLAI
Details

An out-of-bounds (OOB) memory access flaw was found in the Linux kernel's eBPF due to an Improper Input Validation. This flaw allows a local attacker with a special privilege to crash the system or leak internal information.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-4204"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-119",
      "CWE-20",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-08-24T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An out-of-bounds (OOB) memory access flaw was found in the Linux kernel\u0027s eBPF due to an Improper Input Validation. This flaw allows a local attacker with a special privilege to crash the system or leak internal information.",
  "id": "GHSA-5gx9-gr87-492v",
  "modified": "2022-08-29T20:06:54Z",
  "published": "2022-08-25T00:00:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-4204"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2021-4204"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2039178"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2021-4204"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20221228-0003"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/01/11/4"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5GXM-744M-QFGP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-06 06:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 00:31
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability was found in FFmpeg up to 7.0.1. It has been classified as critical. This affects the function pnm_decode_frame in the library /libavcodec/pnmdec.c. The manipulation leads to heap-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Upgrading to version 7.0.2 is able to address this issue. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-273651.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-7055"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-122",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-08-06T06:15:36Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was found in FFmpeg up to 7.0.1. It has been classified as critical. This affects the function pnm_decode_frame in the library /libavcodec/pnmdec.c. The manipulation leads to heap-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Upgrading to version 7.0.2 is able to address this issue. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-273651.",
  "id": "GHSA-5gxm-744m-qfgp",
  "modified": "2025-11-04T00:31:10Z",
  "published": "2024-08-06T06:30:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-7055"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://ffmpeg.org"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://ffmpeg.org/download.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/CookedMelon/ReportCVE/tree/main/FFmpeg/poc3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/10/msg00019.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.273651"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.273651"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.376532"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5GXQ-F8FX-9847

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-11-01 12:30 – Updated: 2023-11-09 00:33
VLAI
Details

In faceid service, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local denial of service with no additional execution privileges

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-42653"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-11-01T10:15:10Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In faceid service, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local denial of service with no additional execution privileges",
  "id": "GHSA-5gxq-f8fx-9847",
  "modified": "2023-11-09T00:33:55Z",
  "published": "2023-11-01T12:30:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-42653"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/1719615756246777857"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5H2C-VG38-FCWR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:08 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:45
VLAI
Details

A global buffer overflow was discovered in the iteration_loop function in loop.c in BladeEnc version 0.94.2. The vulnerability causes an out-of-bounds write, which leads to remote denial of service or possibly code execution.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-14648"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-09-21T17:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "A global buffer overflow was discovered in the iteration_loop function in loop.c in BladeEnc version 0.94.2. The vulnerability causes an out-of-bounds write, which leads to remote denial of service or possibly code execution.",
  "id": "GHSA-5h2c-vg38-fcwr",
  "modified": "2025-04-20T03:45:41Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:08:52Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-14648"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://blogs.gentoo.org/ago/2017/09/19/bladeenc-global-buffer-overflow-in-iteration_loop-loop-c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202107-18"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5H2H-FJJR-X9M2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-01-06 00:00 – Updated: 2022-01-13 00:01
VLAI
Details

A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in HDF5 1.13.1-1 via H5F_addr_decode_len in /hdf5/src/H5Fint.c, which could cause a Denial of Service.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-45830"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-01-05T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in HDF5 1.13.1-1 via H5F_addr_decode_len in /hdf5/src/H5Fint.c, which could cause a Denial of Service.",
  "id": "GHSA-5h2h-fjjr-x9m2",
  "modified": "2022-01-13T00:01:32Z",
  "published": "2022-01-06T00:00:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-45830"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/HDFGroup/hdf5/issues/1314"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-5H2W-CFC8-WWH3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-10 18:30 – Updated: 2024-01-13 03:30
VLAI
Details

Tenda AX1803 v1.0.0.1 contains a stack overflow via the iptv.stb.port parameter in the function getIptvInfo.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-51967"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-01-10T16:15:49Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Tenda AX1803 v1.0.0.1 contains a stack overflow via the iptv.stb.port parameter in the function getIptvInfo.",
  "id": "GHSA-5h2w-cfc8-wwh3",
  "modified": "2024-01-13T03:30:17Z",
  "published": "2024-01-10T18:30:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-51967"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://grove-laser-8ad.notion.site/Tenda-AX1803-Buffer-Overflow-in-getIptvInfo-f5918cc2828c49e78554f456bf7d4b36"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5H33-6PVX-H384

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-04 03:30 – Updated: 2025-08-04 15:31
VLAI
Details

In DA, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege, if an attacker has physical access to the device, with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS09915215; Issue ID: MSV-3801.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-20696"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-04T02:15:25Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In DA, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege, if an attacker has physical access to the device, with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS09915215; Issue ID: MSV-3801.",
  "id": "GHSA-5h33-6pvx-h384",
  "modified": "2025-08-04T15:31:21Z",
  "published": "2025-08-04T03:30:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-20696"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/August-2025"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5H3C-QQWC-XG6R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:06 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:06
VLAI
Details

A flaw was found in djvulibre-3.5.28 and earlier. A Stack overflow in function DJVU::DjVuDocument::get_djvu_file() via crafted djvu file may lead to application crash and other consequences.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-3500"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-119",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-06-24T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A flaw was found in djvulibre-3.5.28 and earlier. A Stack overflow in function DJVU::DjVuDocument::get_djvu_file() via crafted djvu file may lead to application crash and other consequences.",
  "id": "GHSA-5h3c-qqwc-xg6r",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:06:13Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:06:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-3500"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1943685"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-5032"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements

Strategy: Language Selection

  • Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
  • Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
  • Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
  • Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
  • When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
  • Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
  • If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation

Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.