Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-787

Allowed-with-Review

Out-of-bounds Write

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

15530 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-96XH-5WQ4-M4CC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-27 12:30 – Updated: 2026-08-01 21:31
VLAI
Details

Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in libmodbus v3.1.10 allows to overflow the buffer allocated for the Modbus response if the function tries to reply to a Modbus request with an unexpected length.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-10918"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-121",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-02-27T12:15:33Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in libmodbus v3.1.10 allows to overflow the buffer allocated for the Modbus response if the function tries to reply to a Modbus request with an\nunexpected length.",
  "id": "GHSA-96xh-5wq4-m4cc",
  "modified": "2026-08-01T21:31:26Z",
  "published": "2025-02-27T12:30:55Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-10918"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00010.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2026/08/msg00003.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.nozominetworks.com/labs/vulnerability-advisories-cve-2024-10918"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9734-V69P-7J93

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-21 18:30 – Updated: 2022-12-21 18:30
VLAI
Details

In ProtocolEmbmsBuilder::BuildSetSession of protocolembmsbuilder.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-241763204References: N/A

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-42513"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-12-16T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In ProtocolEmbmsBuilder::BuildSetSession of protocolembmsbuilder.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android kernelAndroid ID: A-241763204References: N/A",
  "id": "GHSA-9734-v69p-7j93",
  "modified": "2022-12-21T18:30:25Z",
  "published": "2022-12-21T18:30:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-42513"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2022-12-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9735-P6R2-2HGH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-03-29 21:00 – Updated: 2021-03-18 21:25
VLAI
Summary
Out-of-bounds write
Details

A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way the scripting engine handles objects in memory in Microsoft browsers, aka 'Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability'. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2019-0884, CVE-2019-0918.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "NuGet",
        "name": "Microsoft.ChakraCore"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.11.9"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-0911"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2021-03-18T21:25:17Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-05-16T19:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way the scripting engine handles objects in memory in Microsoft browsers, aka \u0027Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability\u0027. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2019-0884, CVE-2019-0918.",
  "id": "GHSA-9735-p6r2-2hgh",
  "modified": "2021-03-18T21:25:17Z",
  "published": "2021-03-29T21:00:00Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-0911"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/chakra-core/ChakraCore/commit/a2deba5e1850782014a2a34678464b251e448337"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/chakra-core/ChakraCore/commit/d797e3f00e34c12c8c0ae52f56344325439dccd7"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2019-0911"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Out-of-bounds write"
}

GHSA-973Q-JF8V-6Q77

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:13 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:13
VLAI
Details

Processing a maliciously crafted image may lead to arbitrary code execution. This issue is fixed in Security Update 2021-002 Catalina, iOS 14.5 and iPadOS 14.5, watchOS 7.4, tvOS 14.5, macOS Big Sur 11.3. An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-1858"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-09-08T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Processing a maliciously crafted image may lead to arbitrary code execution. This issue is fixed in Security Update 2021-002 Catalina, iOS 14.5 and iPadOS 14.5, watchOS 7.4, tvOS 14.5, macOS Big Sur 11.3. An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking.",
  "id": "GHSA-973q-jf8v-6q77",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:13:33Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:13:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1858"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212317"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212323"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212324"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212325"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212326"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-973X-65J7-XCF4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-02 22:30 – Updated: 2024-06-02 22:30
VLAI
Summary
Decompressors can crash the JVM and leak memory content in Aircompressor
Details

Summary

All decompressor implementations of Aircompressor (LZ4, LZO, Snappy, Zstandard) can crash the JVM for certain input, and in some cases also leak the content of other memory of the Java process (which could contain sensitive information).

Details

When decompressing certain data, the decompressors try to access memory outside the bounds of the given byte arrays or byte buffers. Because Aircompressor uses the JDK class sun.misc.Unsafe to speed up memory access, no additional bounds checks are performed and this has similar security consequences as out-of-bounds access in C or C++, namely it can lead to non-deterministic behavior or crash the JVM.

Users should update to Aircompressor 0.27 or newer where these issues have been fixed.

Impact

When decompressing data from untrusted users, this can be exploited for a denial-of-service attack by crashing the JVM, or to leak other sensitive information from the Java process.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "io.airlift:aircompressor"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.27"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-36114"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125",
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-06-02T22:30:02Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-29T21:15:49Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nAll decompressor implementations of Aircompressor (LZ4, LZO, Snappy, Zstandard) can crash the JVM for certain input, and in some cases also leak the content of other memory of the Java process (which could contain sensitive information).\n\n### Details\nWhen decompressing certain data, the decompressors try to access memory outside the bounds of the given byte arrays or byte buffers. Because Aircompressor uses the JDK class `sun.misc.Unsafe` to speed up memory access, no additional bounds checks are performed and this has similar security consequences as out-of-bounds access in C or C++, namely it can lead to non-deterministic behavior or crash the JVM.\n\nUsers should update to Aircompressor 0.27 or newer where these issues have been fixed.\n\n### Impact\nWhen decompressing data from untrusted users, this can be exploited for a denial-of-service attack by crashing the JVM, or to leak other sensitive information from the Java process.",
  "id": "GHSA-973x-65j7-xcf4",
  "modified": "2024-06-02T22:30:02Z",
  "published": "2024-06-02T22:30:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/airlift/aircompressor/security/advisories/GHSA-973x-65j7-xcf4"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-36114"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/airlift/aircompressor/commit/15e68df9eb0c2bfde7f796231ee7cd1982965071"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/airlift/aircompressor/commit/2cea90a45534f9aacbb77426fb64e975504dee6e"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/airlift/aircompressor/commit/cf66151541edb062ea88b6f3baab3f95e48b7b7f"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/airlift/aircompressor/commit/d01ecb779375a092d00e224abe7869cdf49ddc3e"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/airlift/aircompressor"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Decompressors can crash the JVM and leak memory content in Aircompressor"
}

GHSA-9746-WM3X-QFHX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-08 06:30 – Updated: 2024-10-08 06:30
VLAI
Details

in OpenHarmony v4.1.0 and prior versions allow a local attacker cause DOS through out-of-bounds write.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-45382"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-10-08T04:15:08Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "in OpenHarmony v4.1.0 and prior versions allow a local attacker cause DOS through out-of-bounds write.",
  "id": "GHSA-9746-wm3x-qfhx",
  "modified": "2024-10-08T06:30:47Z",
  "published": "2024-10-08T06:30:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-45382"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitee.com/openharmony/security/blob/master/zh/security-disclosure/2024/2024-10.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-974M-G68H-9GXX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-07 21:30 – Updated: 2025-03-05 21:31
VLAI
Details

In usb, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07628506; Issue ID: ALPS07628506.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-20632"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-03-07T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In usb, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: ALPS07628506; Issue ID: ALPS07628506.",
  "id": "GHSA-974m-g68h-9gxx",
  "modified": "2025-03-05T21:31:56Z",
  "published": "2023-03-07T21:30:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-20632"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/March-2023"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/bulletins/sb23-072"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-974R-V62Q-8FQC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-21 00:31 – Updated: 2026-06-30 03:35
VLAI
Details

GIMP XWD File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of GIMP. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.

The specific flaw exists within the parsing of XWD files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-28591.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-2048"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-20T23:16:05Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "GIMP XWD File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of GIMP. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of XWD files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-28591.",
  "id": "GHSA-974r-v62q-8fqc",
  "modified": "2026-06-30T03:35:39Z",
  "published": "2026-02-21T00:31:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-2048"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4173"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:5113"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:5388"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:5389"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:5390"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:5391"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:5434"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:5435"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:5436"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:5437"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-2048"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2441527"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gimp/-/merge_requests/2586/diffs?commit_id=57712677007793118388c5be6fb8231f22a2b341"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-2048.json"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-26-121"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-975M-88PR-XFJ6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-09 21:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:57
VLAI
Details

Improper validation of DRAM addresses in SMU may allow an attacker to overwrite sensitive memory locations within the ASP potentially resulting in a denial of service.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-46764"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-05-09T19:15:11Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Improper validation of DRAM addresses in SMU may\nallow an attacker to overwrite sensitive memory locations within the ASP\npotentially resulting in a denial of service.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n",
  "id": "GHSA-975m-88pr-xfj6",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T03:57:33Z",
  "published": "2023-05-09T21:30:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-46764"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.amd.com/en/corporate/product-security/bulletin/AMD-SB-3001"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-975P-QPVW-M767

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-14 15:31 – Updated: 2024-08-14 15:31
VLAI
Details

Out-of-bounds write in Linux kernel mode driver for some Intel(R) Ethernet Network Controllers and Adapters before version 28.3 may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-23497"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-787"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-08-14T14:15:19Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Out-of-bounds write in Linux kernel mode driver for some Intel(R) Ethernet Network Controllers and Adapters before version 28.3 may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access.",
  "id": "GHSA-975p-qpvw-m767",
  "modified": "2024-08-14T15:31:14Z",
  "published": "2024-08-14T15:31:14Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-23497"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-00918.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements

Strategy: Language Selection

  • Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
  • Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
  • Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
  • Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
  • When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
  • Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
  • If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation

Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.