CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15504 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-97PC-4H67-C2QP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-16 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-16 00:00Adobe Bridge version 12.0.1 (and earlier versions) is affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-28846"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-06-15T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Adobe Bridge version 12.0.1 (and earlier versions) is affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-97pc-4h67-c2qp",
"modified": "2022-06-16T00:00:20Z",
"published": "2022-06-16T00:00:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-28846"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/bridge/apsb22-25.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-97PR-HR9M-3Q8Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:31 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:31Adobe Animate version 20.5 (and earlier) is affected by a stack overflow vulnerability, which could lead to arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation requires user interaction in that a victim must open a crafted .fla file in Animate.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-9748"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-10-21T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Adobe Animate version 20.5 (and earlier) is affected by a stack overflow vulnerability, which could lead to arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation requires user interaction in that a victim must open a crafted .fla file in Animate.",
"id": "GHSA-97pr-hr9m-3q8q",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:31:53Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:31:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-9748"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/animate/apsb20-61.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-97QH-PWFW-7GJ4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:10 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:10Stack-based buffer overflow in the vrend_decode_set_framebuffer_state function in vrend_decode.c in virglrenderer before 926b9b3460a48f6454d8bbe9e44313d86a65447f, as used in Quick Emulator (QEMU), allows a local guest users to cause a denial of service (application crash) via the "nr_cbufs" argument.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-5957"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-03-14T14:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Stack-based buffer overflow in the vrend_decode_set_framebuffer_state function in vrend_decode.c in virglrenderer before 926b9b3460a48f6454d8bbe9e44313d86a65447f, as used in Quick Emulator (QEMU), allows a local guest users to cause a denial of service (application crash) via the \"nr_cbufs\" argument.",
"id": "GHSA-97qh-pwfw-7gj4",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:10:03Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:10:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-5957"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1421126"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cgit.freedesktop.org/virglrenderer/commit/?id=926b9b3460a48f6454d8bbe9e44313d86a65447f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201707-06"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2017/02/13/3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/96215"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-97WG-X9FF-P7GC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:30Multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the vtysh_ubus binary of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5 due to the use of an unsafe sprintf pattern. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to a buffer overflow. An attacker can send HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities.This buffer overflow occurs in the set_openvpn_client function with the remote_ip and the port variables.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-25115"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-06T15:15:14Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities exist in the vtysh_ubus binary of Milesight UR32L v32.3.0.5 due to the use of an unsafe sprintf pattern. A specially crafted HTTP request can lead to a buffer overflow. An attacker can send HTTP requests to trigger these vulnerabilities.This buffer overflow occurs in the set_openvpn_client function with the remote_ip and the port variables.",
"id": "GHSA-97wg-x9ff-p7gc",
"modified": "2025-11-04T21:30:36Z",
"published": "2023-07-06T15:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25115"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1716"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1716"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-97X2-PHF9-HW3V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:38 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:38A vulnerability has been identified in Solid Edge (All Versions < SE2021MP2). Affected applications lack proper validation of user-supplied data when parsing PAR files. This could result in an out of bounds write into uninitialized memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-28381"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-01-12T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in Solid Edge (All Versions \u003c SE2021MP2). Affected applications lack proper validation of user-supplied data when parsing PAR files. This could result in an out of bounds write into uninitialized memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process.",
"id": "GHSA-97x2-phf9-hw3v",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:38:35Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:38:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-28381"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-979834.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-21-012-04"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-048"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-053"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-074"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-97XG-PHPR-RG8Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-07 19:00 – Updated: 2022-11-08 15:08Apache Commons BCEL has a number of APIs that would normally only allow changing specific class characteristics. However, due to an out-of-bounds writing issue, these APIs can be used to produce arbitrary bytecode. This could be abused in applications that pass attacker-controllable data to those APIs, giving the attacker more control over the resulting bytecode than otherwise expected. Update to Apache Commons BCEL 6.6.0.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.apache.bcel:bcel"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "6.6.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-42920"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-11-07T21:05:28Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-07T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Apache Commons BCEL has a number of APIs that would normally only allow changing specific class characteristics. However, due to an out-of-bounds writing issue, these APIs can be used to produce arbitrary bytecode. This could be abused in applications that pass attacker-controllable data to those APIs, giving the attacker more control over the resulting bytecode than otherwise expected. Update to Apache Commons BCEL 6.6.0.",
"id": "GHSA-97xg-phpr-rg8q",
"modified": "2022-11-08T15:08:59Z",
"published": "2022-11-07T19:00:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-42920"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/commons-bcel/pull/147"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/commons-bcel"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/BCEL-363"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/lfxk7q8qmnh5bt9jm6nmjlv5hsxjhrz4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/LX3HEB4TV2BVCGDTK5BCLSYOZNQTOBN4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/QAMRHAKGIKZNHRBB4VLYTOIOIMMXCUCD"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/QMVX6COVXZVS5GPWDODIRW6Z2GE7RPAQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/LX3HEB4TV2BVCGDTK5BCLSYOZNQTOBN4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/QAMRHAKGIKZNHRBB4VLYTOIOIMMXCUCD"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/QMVX6COVXZVS5GPWDODIRW6Z2GE7RPAQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202401-25"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/11/07/2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Apache Commons BCEL vulnerable to out-of-bounds write"
}
GHSA-9824-RP6M-XX9W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-03-29 20:59 – Updated: 2025-05-20 20:41A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that the Chakra scripting engine handles objects in memory in Microsoft Edge (HTML-based). The vulnerability could corrupt memory in such a way that an attacker could execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user. An attacker who successfully exploited the vulnerability could gain the same user rights as the current user. If the current user is logged on with administrative user rights, an attacker who successfully exploited the vulnerability could take control of an affected system. An attacker could then install programs; view, change, or delete data; or create new accounts with full user rights. In a web-based attack scenario, an attacker could host a specially crafted website that is designed to exploit the vulnerability through Microsoft Edge (HTML-based) and then convince a user to view the website. The attacker could also take advantage of compromised websites and websites that accept or host user-provided content or advertisements. These websites could contain specially crafted content that could exploit the vulnerability. The security update addresses the vulnerability by modifying how the Chakra scripting engine handles objects in memory.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Microsoft.ChakraCore"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.11.10"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-0989"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-03-18T22:17:02Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2019-06-12T14:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A remote code execution vulnerability exists in the way that the Chakra scripting engine handles objects in memory in Microsoft Edge (HTML-based). The vulnerability could corrupt memory in such a way that an attacker could execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user. An attacker who successfully exploited the vulnerability could gain the same user rights as the current user. If the current user is logged on with administrative user rights, an attacker who successfully exploited the vulnerability could take control of an affected system. An attacker could then install programs; view, change, or delete data; or create new accounts with full user rights. In a web-based attack scenario, an attacker could host a specially crafted website that is designed to exploit the vulnerability through Microsoft Edge (HTML-based) and then convince a user to view the website. The attacker could also take advantage of compromised websites and websites that accept or host user-provided content or advertisements. These websites could contain specially crafted content that could exploit the vulnerability. The security update addresses the vulnerability by modifying how the Chakra scripting engine handles objects in memory.",
"id": "GHSA-9824-rp6m-xx9w",
"modified": "2025-05-20T20:41:39Z",
"published": "2021-03-29T20:59:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-0989"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/chakra-core/ChakraCore/commit/3d6226cc2d1077537220361c82e34a362c6c76ee"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/chakra-core/ChakraCore/commit/e0ce3f01c83c53f93e7299d7c8b389b17084aa1f"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/chakra-core/ChakraCore"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2019-0989"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2019-0989"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Chakra Scripting Engine Memory Corruption Vulnerability"
}
GHSA-982V-WX4R-2PR3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:46 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:46An out-of-bounds write was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.2, Security Update 2021-001 Catalina, Security Update 2021-001 Mojave, watchOS 7.3, tvOS 14.4, iOS 14.4 and iPadOS 14.4. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to code execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-1747"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-04-02T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds write was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.2, Security Update 2021-001 Catalina, Security Update 2021-001 Mojave, watchOS 7.3, tvOS 14.4, iOS 14.4 and iPadOS 14.4. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-982v-wx4r-2pr3",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:46:16Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:46:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1747"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212146"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212147"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212148"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT212149"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-9837-5F4M-MWRM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-23 21:30 – Updated: 2025-12-23 21:30NSF Unidata NetCDF-C Attribute Name Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of NSF Unidata NetCDF-C. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of attribute names. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current user. Was ZDI-CAN-27269.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-14936"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-121",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-23T21:15:49Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "NSF Unidata NetCDF-C Attribute Name Stack-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of NSF Unidata NetCDF-C. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of attribute names. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of the length of user-supplied data prior to copying it to a fixed-length stack-based buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current user. Was ZDI-CAN-27269.",
"id": "GHSA-9837-5f4m-mwrm",
"modified": "2025-12-23T21:30:30Z",
"published": "2025-12-23T21:30:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-14936"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-25-1155"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9837-HMW4-Q6X7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-13 21:31 – Updated: 2026-03-13 21:31There is a memory corruption vulnerability due to an out-of-bounds write when loading a corrupted file in Digilent DASYLab. This vulnerability may result in information disclosure or arbitrary code execution. Successful exploitation requires an attacker to get a user to open a specially crafted file. This vulnerability affects all versions of Digilent DASYLab.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-0957"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-13T19:53:57Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "There is a memory corruption vulnerability due to an out-of-bounds write when loading a corrupted file in Digilent DASYLab. \u00a0This vulnerability may result in information disclosure or arbitrary code execution. Successful exploitation requires an attacker to get a user to open a specially crafted file. This vulnerability affects all versions of Digilent DASYLab.",
"id": "GHSA-9837-hmw4-q6x7",
"modified": "2026-03-13T21:31:46Z",
"published": "2026-03-13T21:31:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-0957"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ni.com/en/support/security/available-critical-and-security-updates-for-ni-software/2026/out-of-bounds-write-vulnerabilities-in-digilent-dasylab.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.