Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15321 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-CPWF-RJ72-CFWC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-09 12:00 – Updated: 2022-11-09 19:02
VLAI
Details
Due to lack of proper memory management, when a victim opens manipulated file received from untrusted sources in SAP 3D Visual Enterprise Author and SAP 3D Visual Enterprise Viewer, Arbitrary Code Execution can be triggered when payload forces:Re-use of dangling pointer which refers to overwritten space in memory. The accessed memory must be filled with code to execute the attack. Therefore, repeated success is unlikely.Stack-based buffer overflow. Since the memory overwritten is random, based on access rights of the memory, repeated success is not assured.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-41211"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-119",
"CWE-416",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-08T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Due to lack of proper memory management, when a victim opens manipulated file received from untrusted sources in SAP 3D Visual Enterprise Author and SAP 3D Visual Enterprise Viewer, Arbitrary Code Execution can be triggered when payload forces:Re-use of dangling pointer which refers to overwritten space in memory. The accessed memory must be filled with code to execute the attack. Therefore, repeated success is unlikely.Stack-based buffer overflow. Since the memory overwritten is random, based on access rights of the memory, repeated success is not assured.",
"id": "GHSA-cpwf-rj72-cfwc",
"modified": "2022-11-09T19:02:23Z",
"published": "2022-11-09T12:00:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-41211"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://launchpad.support.sap.com/#/notes/3263436"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.sap.com/documents/2022/02/fa865ea4-167e-0010-bca6-c68f7e60039b.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CPWX-WFP4-X368
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-21 03:30 – Updated: 2025-11-26 15:34
VLAI
Details
An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Sonoma 14.7.8, macOS Ventura 13.7.8, iPadOS 17.7.10, macOS Sequoia 15.6.1, iOS 18.6.2 and iPadOS 18.6.2. Processing a malicious image file may result in memory corruption. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been exploited in an extremely sophisticated attack against specific targeted individuals.
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-43300"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-21T01:15:36Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in macOS Sonoma 14.7.8, macOS Ventura 13.7.8, iPadOS 17.7.10, macOS Sequoia 15.6.1, iOS 18.6.2 and iPadOS 18.6.2. Processing a malicious image file may result in memory corruption. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been exploited in an extremely sophisticated attack against specific targeted individuals.",
"id": "GHSA-cpwx-wfp4-x368",
"modified": "2025-11-26T15:34:09Z",
"published": "2025-08-21T03:30:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-43300"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/cisagov/vulnrichment/issues/201"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/b1n4r1b01/n-days/blob/main/CVE-2025-43300.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/124925"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/124926"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/124927"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/124928"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/124929"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/125141"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/125142"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-43300"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Sep/10"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Sep/14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Sep/52"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CPX5-6MWC-HXP6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-14 18:30 – Updated: 2025-04-18 15:31
VLAI
Details
HDF5 Library through 1.14.3 contains a heap-based buffer overflow in H5Z__nbit_decompress_one_byte in H5Znbit.c, caused by the earlier use of an initialized pointer.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-32615"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-122",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-14T15:36:46Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "HDF5 Library through 1.14.3 contains a heap-based buffer overflow in H5Z__nbit_decompress_one_byte in H5Znbit.c, caused by the earlier use of an initialized pointer.",
"id": "GHSA-cpx5-6mwc-hxp6",
"modified": "2025-04-18T15:31:32Z",
"published": "2024-05-14T18:30:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-32615"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/HDFGroup/cve_hdf5/blob/main/CVE_list.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.hdfgroup.org/2024/05/new-hdf5-cve-issues-fixed-in-1-14-4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CQ26-R6QJ-8656
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-27 00:00 – Updated: 2025-12-02 21:31
VLAI
Details
A crafted NTFS image can cause a heap-based buffer overflow in ntfs_mft_rec_alloc in NTFS-3G through 2021.8.22.
Severity
6.8 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-30788"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-20",
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-05-26T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A crafted NTFS image can cause a heap-based buffer overflow in ntfs_mft_rec_alloc in NTFS-3G through 2021.8.22.",
"id": "GHSA-cq26-r6qj-8656",
"modified": "2025-12-02T21:31:24Z",
"published": "2022-05-27T00:00:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tuxera/ntfs-3g/security/advisories/GHSA-xchm-ph5h-hw4x"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-30788"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/tuxera/ntfs-3g/releases"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/06/msg00017.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/7JPX6OUCQKZX4PN5DQPVDUFZCOOZUX7Z"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ECDCISL24TYH4CTDFCUVF24WAKRSYF7F"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/FAXFYIJWT5SHHRNPOJETM77EIMJ6ZP6I"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/UEXHDCUSLJD2HSPMAAVZ5AWMPUOG6UI7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/7JPX6OUCQKZX4PN5DQPVDUFZCOOZUX7Z"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ECDCISL24TYH4CTDFCUVF24WAKRSYF7F"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/FAXFYIJWT5SHHRNPOJETM77EIMJ6ZP6I"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/UEXHDCUSLJD2HSPMAAVZ5AWMPUOG6UI7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202301-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5160"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CQ29-4Q3M-C59V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:10 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:10
VLAI
Details
In GPAC 0.7.1 and earlier, gf_text_get_utf8_line in media_tools/text_import.c in libgpac_static.a allows an out-of-bounds write because a certain -1 return value is mishandled.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-20760"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-02-06T23:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In GPAC 0.7.1 and earlier, gf_text_get_utf8_line in media_tools/text_import.c in libgpac_static.a allows an out-of-bounds write because a certain -1 return value is mishandled.",
"id": "GHSA-cq29-4q3m-c59v",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:10:11Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:10:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-20760"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/gpac/gpac/issues/1177"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/gpac/gpac/commit/4c1360818fc8948e9307059fba4dc47ba8ad255d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/02/msg00040.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3926-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CQ2V-6Q97-JV69
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-08 12:30 – Updated: 2025-03-28 00:31
VLAI
Details
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ksmbd: validate payload size in ipc response
If installing malicious ksmbd-tools, ksmbd.mountd can return invalid ipc response to ksmbd kernel server. ksmbd should validate payload size of ipc response from ksmbd.mountd to avoid memory overrun or slab-out-of-bounds. This patch validate 3 ipc response that has payload.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-26811"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-08T10:15:08Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nksmbd: validate payload size in ipc response\n\nIf installing malicious ksmbd-tools, ksmbd.mountd can return invalid ipc\nresponse to ksmbd kernel server. ksmbd should validate payload size of\nipc response from ksmbd.mountd to avoid memory overrun or\nslab-out-of-bounds. This patch validate 3 ipc response that has payload.",
"id": "GHSA-cq2v-6q97-jv69",
"modified": "2025-03-28T00:31:28Z",
"published": "2024-04-08T12:30:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-26811"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/51a6c2af9d20203ddeeaf73314ba8854b38d01bd"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/76af689a45aa44714b46d1a7de4ffdf851ded896"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/88b7f1143b15b29cccb8392b4f38e75b7bb3e300"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a637fabac554270a851033f5ab402ecb90bc479c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a677ebd8ca2f2632ccdecbad7b87641274e15aac"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/6XCNJZBDMGJXRIKLGKM4RRJU4XCHPX62"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/LG6L4FXO4WNWUM6W7USOH2YTRVWREM3V"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/RO3RO34MLQ6WT3A7O6STQUVXW43N6W3K"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CQ32-55VV-JJ8H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:48 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:01
VLAI
Details
In rw_t3t_handle_get_sc_poll_rsp of rw_t3t.cc, there is a possible out-of-bound write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-7.0 Android-7.1.1 Android-7.1.2 Android-8.0 Android-8.1 Android-9Android ID: A-120499324
Severity
8.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-2014"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-06-19T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In rw_t3t_handle_get_sc_poll_rsp of rw_t3t.cc, there is a possible out-of-bound write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-7.0 Android-7.1.1 Android-7.1.2 Android-8.0 Android-8.1 Android-9Android ID: A-120499324",
"id": "GHSA-cq32-55vv-jj8h",
"modified": "2024-04-04T01:01:14Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:48:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-2014"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2019-03-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CQ4F-M4R6-7827
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-14 19:00 – Updated: 2022-11-18 00:30
VLAI
Details
There is a vulnerability in DHCPv6 packet parsing code that could be explored by remote attacker to craft a packet that could cause buffer overflow in a memcpy call, leading to out-of-bounds memory write that would cause dhcp6relay to crash. Dhcp6relay is a critical process and could cause dhcp relay docker to shutdown. Discovered by Eugene Lim of GovTech Singapore.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-0324"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-14T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "There is a vulnerability in DHCPv6 packet parsing code that could be explored by remote attacker to craft a packet that could cause buffer overflow in a memcpy call, leading to out-of-bounds memory write that would cause dhcp6relay to crash. Dhcp6relay is a critical process and could cause dhcp relay docker to shutdown. Discovered by Eugene Lim of GovTech Singapore.",
"id": "GHSA-cq4f-m4r6-7827",
"modified": "2022-11-18T00:30:18Z",
"published": "2022-11-14T19:00:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/sonic-net/sonic-buildimage/security/advisories/GHSA-m4qf-8rrq-mph9"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-0324"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://govtech-csg.github.io/security-advisories/2022/11/14/CVE-2022-0324.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CQ4W-36VX-4M5F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-01 12:31 – Updated: 2025-12-22 18:30
VLAI
Details
Out-of-bounds write in ASR180x in lte-telephony, May cause a buffer underrun. This vulnerability is associated with program files apps/atcmd_server/src/dev_api.C.
This issue affects Falcon_Linux、Kestrel、Lapwing_Linux: before v1536.
Severity
7.4 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-49492"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-01T11:15:21Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds write in ASR180x in lte-telephony, May cause a buffer underrun.\u00a0 This vulnerability is associated with program files apps/atcmd_server/src/dev_api.C.\n\nThis issue affects Falcon_Linux\u3001Kestrel\u3001Lapwing_Linux: before v1536.",
"id": "GHSA-cq4w-36vx-4m5f",
"modified": "2025-12-22T18:30:24Z",
"published": "2025-07-01T12:31:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-49492"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.asrmicro.com/en/goods/psirt?cid=40"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-CQ63-HXHV-CQRH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:05 – Updated: 2023-10-03 15:30
VLAI
Details
This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of OpenText Brava! Desktop 16.6.3.84. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of DWF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-12716.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-31488"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-06-15T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of OpenText Brava! Desktop 16.6.3.84. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of DWF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a write past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-12716.",
"id": "GHSA-cq63-hxhv-cqrh",
"modified": "2023-10-03T15:30:27Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:05:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-31488"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cvedetails.com/vulnerability-list/vendor_id-2032/product_id-96672/Opentext-Brava-Desktop.html?page=1\u0026opec=1\u0026order=1\u0026trc=35\u0026sha=37f4ed0596f8ccacca7d571f22a38c97b0f19f4c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.opentext.com/products/brava"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-628"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.