CWE-829
AllowedInclusion of Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product imports, requires, or includes executable functionality (such as a library) from a source that is outside of the intended control sphere.
393 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-RMXR-45GJ-889W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-01 09:30 – Updated: 2026-07-08 17:39An issue was discovered in OpenStack ironic-python-agent 1.0.0 through 11.5.0. Ironic Python Agent (IPA) sometimes executes grub-install from within a chroot of the deployed partition image, leading to code execution in the case of a malicious image.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 11.5.0"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "ironic-python-agent"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "11.6.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-43003"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-78",
"CWE-829"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-07T02:38:57Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-01T09:16:17Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in OpenStack ironic-python-agent 1.0.0 through 11.5.0. Ironic Python Agent (IPA) sometimes executes grub-install from within a chroot of the deployed partition image, leading to code execution in the case of a malicious image.",
"id": "GHSA-rmxr-45gj-889w",
"modified": "2026-07-08T17:39:17Z",
"published": "2026-05-01T09:30:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-43003"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-43003"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.launchpad.net/ironic-python-agent/+bug/2148310"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2464306"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/openstack/ironic-python-agent"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openstack/ironic-python-agent/blob/236b33abffe6688afc39c21e351cc3889b3db2dd/ironic_python_agent/efi_utils.py#L134-L139"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/ironic-python-agent/PYSEC-2026-205.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://opendev.org/openstack/ironic-python-agent/commit/6cd463a657edcddf7b79416ac69bdef5b6f30099"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-43003.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/06/16/11"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "OpenStack Ironic Python Agent Includes Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere"
}
GHSA-RRR2-JCR8-7Q3X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-10 21:31 – Updated: 2025-10-14 19:16A critical security vulnerability exists in remote cache extensions for common build systems utilizing bucket-based remote cache (such as those using Amazon S3, Google Cloud Storage, or similar object storage) that allows any contributor with pull request privileges to inject compromised artifacts from an untrusted environment into trusted production environments without detection.
The vulnerability exploits a fundamental design flaw in the "first-to-cache wins" principle, where artifacts built in untrusted environments (feature branches, pull requests) can poison the cache used by trusted environments (protected branches, production deployments).
This attack bypasses all traditional security measures including encryption, access controls, and checksum validation because the poisoning occurs during the artifact construction phase, before any security measures are applied.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "@nx/azure-cache"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "4.0.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-36852"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-829"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-10-14T19:16:59Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-06-10T20:15:22Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A critical security vulnerability exists in remote cache extensions for common build systems utilizing bucket-based remote cache (such as those using Amazon S3, Google Cloud Storage, or similar object storage) that allows any contributor with pull request privileges to inject compromised artifacts from an untrusted environment into trusted production environments without detection.\u00a0\n\nThe vulnerability exploits a fundamental design flaw in the \"first-to-cache wins\" principle, where artifacts built in untrusted environments (feature branches, pull requests) can poison the cache used by trusted environments (protected branches, production deployments).\u00a0\n\nThis attack bypasses all traditional security measures including encryption, access controls, and checksum validation because the poisoning occurs during the artifact construction phase, before any security measures are applied.",
"id": "GHSA-rrr2-jcr8-7q3x",
"modified": "2025-10-14T19:16:59Z",
"published": "2025-06-10T21:31:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-36852"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/nrwl/nx"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://nx.app/files/cve-2025-06"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://nx.dev/blog/creep-vulnerability-build-cache-security"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://nx.dev/docs/reference/remote-cache-plugins/azure-cache/overview"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/S:P/AU:Y/R:U/V:C/RE:M/U:Red",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "@nx/azure-cache Vulnerable to Build Cache Poisoning via Untrusted Pull Requests"
}
GHSA-RV87-H47C-M27V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-16 18:31 – Updated: 2025-04-16 18:31A vulnerability in the custom URL parser of Cisco Webex App could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to persuade a user to download arbitrary files, which could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the host of the targeted user.
This vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation when Cisco Webex App processes a meeting invite link. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by persuading a user to click a crafted meeting invite link and download arbitrary files. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary commands with the privileges of the targeted user.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-20236"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-829"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-16T17:15:49Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the custom URL parser of Cisco Webex App could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to persuade a user to download arbitrary files, which could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the host of the targeted user.\n\nThis vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation when Cisco Webex App processes a meeting invite link. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by persuading a user to click a crafted meeting invite link and download arbitrary files. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary commands with the privileges of the targeted user.",
"id": "GHSA-rv87-h47c-m27v",
"modified": "2025-04-16T18:31:53Z",
"published": "2025-04-16T18:31:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-20236"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-webex-app-client-rce-ufyMMYLC"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RX26-CQVH-GPRG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-19 03:31 – Updated: 2025-12-19 18:31The Static Asset API in Mintlify Platform before 2025-11-15 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the subdomain parameter because any tenant's assets can be served on any other tenant's documentation site.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-67842"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-829"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-19T02:16:08Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Static Asset API in Mintlify Platform before 2025-11-15 allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via the subdomain parameter because any tenant\u0027s assets can be served on any other tenant\u0027s documentation site.",
"id": "GHSA-rx26-cqvh-gprg",
"modified": "2025-12-19T18:31:17Z",
"published": "2025-12-19T03:31:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-67842"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/hackermondev/5e2cdc32849405fff6b46957747a2d28"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://heartbreak.ing"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://kibty.town/blog/mintlify"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46317098"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mintlify.com/blog/working-with-security-researchers-november-2025"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mintlify.com/docs/changelog"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-RXPQ-XGQX-FR7P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-22 15:31 – Updated: 2026-04-29 22:08A flaw was found in InstructLab. The linux_train.py script hardcodes trust_remote_code=True when loading models from HuggingFace. This allows a remote attacker to achieve arbitrary Python code execution by convincing a user to run ilab train/download/generate with a specially crafted malicious model from the HuggingFace Hub. This vulnerability can lead to complete system compromise.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "instructlab"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "0.26.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-6859"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-829"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-29T22:08:37Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-22T14:17:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A flaw was found in InstructLab. The `linux_train.py` script hardcodes `trust_remote_code=True` when loading models from HuggingFace. This allows a remote attacker to achieve arbitrary Python code execution by convincing a user to run `ilab train/download/generate` with a specially crafted malicious model from the HuggingFace Hub. This vulnerability can lead to complete system compromise.",
"id": "GHSA-rxpq-xgqx-fr7p",
"modified": "2026-04-29T22:08:37Z",
"published": "2026-04-22T15:31:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-6859"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-6859"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2459998"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/instructlab/instructlab"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "InstructLab Includes Functionality from Untrusted Control Sphere"
}
GHSA-V66Q-P7RM-W9W6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:07 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:07Local file inclusion exists in Kaseya VSA before 9.5.6.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-30121"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-829"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-07-09T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Local file inclusion exists in Kaseya VSA before 9.5.6.",
"id": "GHSA-v66q-p7rm-w9w6",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:07:22Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:07:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-30121"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://csirt.divd.nl/2021/07/07/Kaseya-Limited-Disclosure"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://csirt.divd.nl/CVE-2021-30121"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://csirt.divd.nl/DIVD-2021-00011"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-V6R2-JH58-XX6W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-02 16:00 – Updated: 2026-07-02 16:00Summary
Marketplace runtime extension metadata could point at unscanned payloads. In affected versions, a package selected for installation by a trusted operator could redirect runtime loading toward hidden package content that was not scanned as expected.
This advisory is scoped to the named feature and configuration. It does not change OpenClaw's trusted-operator model: authenticated Gateway operators, installed plugins, and intentional local execution surfaces remain trusted unless a separate policy, approval, allowlist, sandbox, or auth boundary is crossed.
Impact
When the affected feature is enabled and reachable, this could load plugin code outside the reviewed package entry points. Practical impact depends on the operator's configuration and whether lower-trust input can reach that path.
Patched Versions
The first stable patched version is 2026.5.18.
Mitigations
Install only trusted plugins and keep plugin allowlists explicit until patched. As general hardening, keep channel and tool allowlists narrow, avoid sharing one Gateway between mutually untrusted users, and disable the affected feature when it is not needed.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "openclaw"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2026.5.18"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-53810"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-78",
"CWE-829",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-02T16:00:42Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-11T21:16:23Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Summary\n\nMarketplace runtime extension metadata could point at unscanned payloads. In affected versions, a package selected for installation by a trusted operator could redirect runtime loading toward hidden package content that was not scanned as expected.\n\nThis advisory is scoped to the named feature and configuration. It does not change OpenClaw\u0027s trusted-operator model: authenticated Gateway operators, installed plugins, and intentional local execution surfaces remain trusted unless a separate policy, approval, allowlist, sandbox, or auth boundary is crossed.\n\n### Impact\n\nWhen the affected feature is enabled and reachable, this could load plugin code outside the reviewed package entry points. Practical impact depends on the operator\u0027s configuration and whether lower-trust input can reach that path.\n\n### Patched Versions\n\nThe first stable patched version is `2026.5.18`.\n\n### Mitigations\n\nInstall only trusted plugins and keep plugin allowlists explicit until patched. As general hardening, keep channel and tool allowlists narrow, avoid sharing one Gateway between mutually untrusted users, and disable the affected feature when it is not needed.",
"id": "GHSA-v6r2-jh58-xx6w",
"modified": "2026-07-02T16:00:42Z",
"published": "2026-07-02T16:00:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-v6r2-jh58-xx6w"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-53810"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-arbitrary-code-execution-via-unscanned-marketplace-runtime-extension-metadata"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "OpenClaw\u0027s marketplace runtime extension metadata could point at unscanned payloads"
}
GHSA-VCF4-987Q-QJ6P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:57 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:01A same-origin policy violation occurs allowing the theft of cross-origin images through a combination of SVG filters and a <canvas> element due to an error in how same-origin policy is applied to cached image content. The resulting same-origin policy violation could allow for data theft. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 69, Thunderbird < 68.1, Thunderbird < 60.9, Firefox ESR < 60.9, and Firefox ESR < 68.1.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-11742"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-829"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-09-27T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A same-origin policy violation occurs allowing the theft of cross-origin images through a combination of SVG filters and a \u0026lt;canvas\u0026gt; element due to an error in how same-origin policy is applied to cached image content. The resulting same-origin policy violation could allow for data theft. This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 69, Thunderbird \u003c 68.1, Thunderbird \u003c 60.9, Firefox ESR \u003c 60.9, and Firefox ESR \u003c 68.1.",
"id": "GHSA-vcf4-987q-qj6p",
"modified": "2024-04-04T02:01:39Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:57:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-11742"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1559715"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201911-07"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4150-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-25"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-26"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-27"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-29"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2019-30"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00009.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00010.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00011.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-10/msg00017.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VF92-R336-6JPV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-16 00:00 – Updated: 2022-07-23 00:00Honeywell Alerton Ascent Control Module (ACM) through 2022-05-04 allows unauthenticated programming writes from remote users. This enables code to be store on the controller and then run without verification. A user with malicious intent can send a crafted packet to change and/or stop the program without the knowledge of other users, altering the controller's function. After the programming change, the program needs to be overwritten in order for the controller to restore its original operational function.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-30244"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-829"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-07-15T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Honeywell Alerton Ascent Control Module (ACM) through 2022-05-04 allows unauthenticated programming writes from remote users. This enables code to be store on the controller and then run without verification. A user with malicious intent can send a crafted packet to change and/or stop the program without the knowledge of other users, altering the controller\u0027s function. After the programming change, the program needs to be overwritten in order for the controller to restore its original operational function.",
"id": "GHSA-vf92-r336-6jpv",
"modified": "2022-07-23T00:00:21Z",
"published": "2022-07-16T00:00:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-30244"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blog.scadafence.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/scadafence/Honeywell-Alerton-Vulnerabilities"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.honeywell.com/us/en/product-security"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VG6J-X3V7-MWQ9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-15 18:31 – Updated: 2025-04-15 18:31In PeaZip through 10.4.0, there is a Mark-of-the-Web Bypass Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows attackers to bypass the Mark-of-the-Web protection mechanism on affected installations of PeaZip. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the handling of archived files. When extracting files from a crafted archive that bears the Mark-of-the-Web, PeaZip does not propagate the Mark-of-the-Web to the extracted files. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-33026"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-829",
"CWE-830"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-15T18:15:53Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In PeaZip through 10.4.0, there is a Mark-of-the-Web Bypass Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows attackers to bypass the Mark-of-the-Web protection mechanism on affected installations of PeaZip. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the handling of archived files. When extracting files from a crafted archive that bears the Mark-of-the-Web, PeaZip does not propagate the Mark-of-the-Web to the extracted files. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user.",
"id": "GHSA-vg6j-x3v7-mwq9",
"modified": "2025-04-15T18:31:47Z",
"published": "2025-04-15T18:31:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-33026"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/EnisAksu/Argonis/blob/main/CVEs/CVE-2025-33026%20%28PeaZip%29/CVE-2025-33026.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://peazip.github.io/peazip-64bit.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-4
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
Mitigation MIT-21.1
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to "inbox.txt" and ID 2 could map to "profile.txt". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation MIT-15
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Mitigation MIT-22
Strategy: Sandbox or Jail
- Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
- OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-17
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
Mitigation MIT-5.1
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- When validating filenames, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
- Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, if "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion, two instances of "../" would be removed from the original string, but the remaining characters would still form the "../" string.
Mitigation MIT-34
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
- Store library, include, and utility files outside of the web document root, if possible. Otherwise, store them in a separate directory and use the web server's access control capabilities to prevent attackers from directly requesting them. One common practice is to define a fixed constant in each calling program, then check for the existence of the constant in the library/include file; if the constant does not exist, then the file was directly requested, and it can exit immediately.
- This significantly reduces the chance of an attacker being able to bypass any protection mechanisms that are in the base program but not in the include files. It will also reduce the attack surface.
Mitigation MIT-6
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
- Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
- Many file inclusion problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, especially for cookies and URL components.
Mitigation MIT-29
Strategy: Firewall
Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
CAPEC-175: Code Inclusion
An adversary exploits a weakness on the target to force arbitrary code to be retrieved locally or from a remote location and executed. This differs from code injection in that code injection involves the direct inclusion of code while code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-201: Serialized Data External Linking
An adversary creates a serialized data file (e.g. XML, YAML, etc...) that contains an external data reference. Because serialized data parsers may not validate documents with external references, there may be no checks on the nature of the reference in the external data. This can allow an adversary to open arbitrary files or connections, which may further lead to the adversary gaining access to information on the system that they would normally be unable to obtain.
CAPEC-228: DTD Injection
An attacker injects malicious content into an application's DTD in an attempt to produce a negative technical impact. DTDs are used to describe how XML documents are processed. Certain malformed DTDs (for example, those with excessive entity expansion as described in CAPEC 197) can cause the XML parsers that process the DTDs to consume excessive resources resulting in resource depletion.
CAPEC-251: Local Code Inclusion
The attacker forces an application to load arbitrary code files from the local machine. The attacker could use this to try to load old versions of library files that have known vulnerabilities, to load files that the attacker placed on the local machine during a prior attack, or to otherwise change the functionality of the targeted application in unexpected ways.
CAPEC-252: PHP Local File Inclusion
The attacker loads and executes an arbitrary local PHP file on a target machine. The attacker could use this to try to load old versions of PHP files that have known vulnerabilities, to load PHP files that the attacker placed on the local machine during a prior attack, or to otherwise change the functionality of the targeted application in unexpected ways.
CAPEC-253: Remote Code Inclusion
The attacker forces an application to load arbitrary code files from a remote location. The attacker could use this to try to load old versions of library files that have known vulnerabilities, to load malicious files that the attacker placed on the remote machine, or to otherwise change the functionality of the targeted application in unexpected ways.
CAPEC-263: Force Use of Corrupted Files
This describes an attack where an application is forced to use a file that an attacker has corrupted. The result is often a denial of service caused by the application being unable to process the corrupted file, but other results, including the disabling of filters or access controls (if the application fails in an unsafe way rather than failing by locking down) or buffer overflows are possible.
CAPEC-538: Open-Source Library Manipulation
Adversaries implant malicious code in open source software (OSS) libraries to have it widely distributed, as OSS is commonly downloaded by developers and other users to incorporate into software development projects. The adversary can have a particular system in mind to target, or the implantation can be the first stage of follow-on attacks on many systems.
CAPEC-549: Local Execution of Code
An adversary installs and executes malicious code on the target system in an effort to achieve a negative technical impact. Examples include rootkits, ransomware, spyware, adware, and others.
CAPEC-640: Inclusion of Code in Existing Process
The adversary takes advantage of a bug in an application failing to verify the integrity of the running process to execute arbitrary code in the address space of a separate live process. The adversary could use running code in the context of another process to try to access process's memory, system/network resources, etc. The goal of this attack is to evade detection defenses and escalate privileges by masking the malicious code under an existing legitimate process. Examples of approaches include but not limited to: dynamic-link library (DLL) injection, portable executable injection, thread execution hijacking, ptrace system calls, VDSO hijacking, function hooking, reflective code loading, and more.
CAPEC-660: Root/Jailbreak Detection Evasion via Hooking
An adversary forces a non-restricted mobile application to load arbitrary code or code files, via Hooking, with the goal of evading Root/Jailbreak detection. Mobile device users often Root/Jailbreak their devices in order to gain administrative control over the mobile operating system and/or to install third-party mobile applications that are not provided by authorized application stores (e.g. Google Play Store and Apple App Store). Adversaries may further leverage these capabilities to escalate privileges or bypass access control on legitimate applications. Although many mobile applications check if a mobile device is Rooted/Jailbroken prior to authorized use of the application, adversaries may be able to "hook" code in order to circumvent these checks. Successfully evading Root/Jailbreak detection allows an adversary to execute administrative commands, obtain confidential data, impersonate legitimate users of the application, and more.
CAPEC-695: Repo Jacking
An adversary takes advantage of the redirect property of directly linked Version Control System (VCS) repositories to trick users into incorporating malicious code into their applications.
CAPEC-698: Install Malicious Extension
An adversary directly installs or tricks a user into installing a malicious extension into existing trusted software, with the goal of achieving a variety of negative technical impacts.